Araştırma Makalesi
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The Relationship between Culture and Traffic Fatality Rates at National Level: The Moderating Role of the Economy

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 28 - 38, 30.04.2020
https://doi.org/10.38002/tuad.654010

Öz

This study examined whether the relationship between cultural variables and traffic fatality rates at the national level differs according to income level. In this study, culture was evaluated in the framework proposed by Hofstede (2001) and examined on the basis of five dimensions (individualism versus collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, femininity versus masculinity, and short-term orientation versus long term orientation). Correlation analysis showed that fatality rates were negatively correlated with individualism and long-term orientation, while these rates were positively correlated with power distance. Moderation analysis showed that income level moderated the relationship between long-term orientation and traffic fatality rates. The relationship between long-term orientation and traffic fatality rates was found to be statistically significant only in countries with middle-income levels. The current findings and limitations of the study were discussed by considering the relevant literature.

Kaynakça

  • Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (2015). Global status report on road safety 2015. https://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/road_safety_status/2015/en/
  • Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (2018). Global status report on road safety 2018. https://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/road_safety_status/2018/en/
  • Eid, H. O. ve Abu-Zidan, F. M. (2015). Pedestrian injuries-related deaths: A global evaluation. World Journal of Surgery, 39(3), 776–781.
  • Gaygısız, E. (2010). Cultural values and governance quality as correlates of road traffic fatalities: A nation level analysis. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 42, 1894–1901.
  • Hayes, A. F. (2017). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. New York: Guilford Publications.
  • Hofstede, G. H. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations (2. Baskı). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Hofstede, G. (2007). Asian management in the 21st century. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 24, 411–420.
  • Hofstede, G., Hofstede G. J. ve Minkov, M. (2010). Cultures and organizations: Software of the mind. Revised and Expanded (3rd Edition). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Jacobs, C. D. ve Cutting, C. A. (1986). Further research on accident rates in developing countries. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 18, 119–127.
  • Knafo, A., Daniel, E. ve Khoury‐Kassabri, M. (2008). Values as protective factors against violent behavior in Jewish and Arab high schools in Israel. Child Development, 79 (3), 652–667.
  • Morris, J. H., Sherman, J. D. ve Mansfield, E. R. (1986). Failures to detect moderating effects with ordinary least squares-moderated multiple regression: Some reasons and a remedy. Psychological Bulletin, 99(2), 282–288.
  • Nordfjærn, T., Şimşekoğlu, Ö. ve Rundmo, T. (2014). Culture related to road traffic safety: A comparison of eight countries using two conceptualizations of culture. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 62, 319–328.
  • Özkan, T. ve Lajunen, T. (2007). The role of personality, culture, and economy in unintentional fatalities: An aggregated level analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 43(3), 519–530.
  • Özkan, T. ve Lajunen, T. (2011). Person and environment: Traffic culture. B. Porter (Ed.), Handbook of Traffic Psychology (ss. 179–192) içinde. London: Elsevier Ltd.
  • Roccas, S. ve Sagiv, L. (2010). Personal values and behavior: Taking the cultural context into account. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 4(1), 30–41.
  • Solmazer, G., Azık, D., Fındık, G., Üzümcüoğlu, Y., Ersan, Ö., Kaçan, B., ... ve Xheladinih, G. (2020). Cross-cultural differences in pedestrian behaviors in relation to values: A comparison of five countries. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 138, 105459.
  • Solmazer, G., Üzümcüoğlu, Y. ve Özkan, T. (2016). The role of traffic law enforcements in the relationship between cultural variables and traffic fatality rates across some countries of the world. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 38, 137–150.
  • Üzümcüoğlu, Y., Özkan, T. ve Lajunen, T. (2018). The relationships between cultural variables, law enforcements and driver behaviours across 37 nations. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 58, 743–753.

Ulusal Seviyede Kültür ve Trafik Ölüm Oranları İlişkisi: Ekonominin Düzenleyici Rolü

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 28 - 38, 30.04.2020
https://doi.org/10.38002/tuad.654010

Öz

Bu çalışma, ulusal seviyede kültür ve trafiğe bağlı ölüm oranları arasındaki ilişkinin gelir seviyesine göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını incelemektedir. Bu çalışmada, kültür Hofstede (2001) tarafından önerilen çerçevede değerlendirilmiş ve beş boyut (bireyciliğe karşı toplulukçuluk, güç mesafesi, belirsizlikten kaçınma, maskülenliğe karşı feminenlik ve uzun vadeli oryantasyona karşı kısa vadeli oryantasyon) temelinde incelenmiştir. Korelasyon analizi, ölüm oranlarının bireycilik ve uzun vadeli oryantasyon ile negatif yönde ilişkiliyken, güç mesafesi ile pozitif yönde ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, düzenleyici değişken analizi sonuçlarında gelir seviyesinin uzun vadeli oryantasyon ve ölüm oranları arasındaki ilişkiyi düzenlediği bulunmuştur. Uzun vadeli oryantasyon ile ölüm oranı arasındaki ilişkinin sadece orta gelir seviyesindeki ülkelerde negatif yönde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu bulgulanmıştır. İlgili alanyazın dikkate alınarak mevcut bulgular ve çalışmanın kısıtlılıkları tartışılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (2015). Global status report on road safety 2015. https://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/road_safety_status/2015/en/
  • Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (2018). Global status report on road safety 2018. https://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/road_safety_status/2018/en/
  • Eid, H. O. ve Abu-Zidan, F. M. (2015). Pedestrian injuries-related deaths: A global evaluation. World Journal of Surgery, 39(3), 776–781.
  • Gaygısız, E. (2010). Cultural values and governance quality as correlates of road traffic fatalities: A nation level analysis. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 42, 1894–1901.
  • Hayes, A. F. (2017). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. New York: Guilford Publications.
  • Hofstede, G. H. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations (2. Baskı). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Hofstede, G. (2007). Asian management in the 21st century. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 24, 411–420.
  • Hofstede, G., Hofstede G. J. ve Minkov, M. (2010). Cultures and organizations: Software of the mind. Revised and Expanded (3rd Edition). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Jacobs, C. D. ve Cutting, C. A. (1986). Further research on accident rates in developing countries. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 18, 119–127.
  • Knafo, A., Daniel, E. ve Khoury‐Kassabri, M. (2008). Values as protective factors against violent behavior in Jewish and Arab high schools in Israel. Child Development, 79 (3), 652–667.
  • Morris, J. H., Sherman, J. D. ve Mansfield, E. R. (1986). Failures to detect moderating effects with ordinary least squares-moderated multiple regression: Some reasons and a remedy. Psychological Bulletin, 99(2), 282–288.
  • Nordfjærn, T., Şimşekoğlu, Ö. ve Rundmo, T. (2014). Culture related to road traffic safety: A comparison of eight countries using two conceptualizations of culture. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 62, 319–328.
  • Özkan, T. ve Lajunen, T. (2007). The role of personality, culture, and economy in unintentional fatalities: An aggregated level analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 43(3), 519–530.
  • Özkan, T. ve Lajunen, T. (2011). Person and environment: Traffic culture. B. Porter (Ed.), Handbook of Traffic Psychology (ss. 179–192) içinde. London: Elsevier Ltd.
  • Roccas, S. ve Sagiv, L. (2010). Personal values and behavior: Taking the cultural context into account. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 4(1), 30–41.
  • Solmazer, G., Azık, D., Fındık, G., Üzümcüoğlu, Y., Ersan, Ö., Kaçan, B., ... ve Xheladinih, G. (2020). Cross-cultural differences in pedestrian behaviors in relation to values: A comparison of five countries. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 138, 105459.
  • Solmazer, G., Üzümcüoğlu, Y. ve Özkan, T. (2016). The role of traffic law enforcements in the relationship between cultural variables and traffic fatality rates across some countries of the world. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 38, 137–150.
  • Üzümcüoğlu, Y., Özkan, T. ve Lajunen, T. (2018). The relationships between cultural variables, law enforcements and driver behaviours across 37 nations. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 58, 743–753.
Toplam 18 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Yeşim Üzümcüoğlu Zihni 0000-0002-4905-5518

Gaye Solmazer 0000-0003-2776-701X

Türker Özkan 0000-0002-5501-9257

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Üzümcüoğlu Zihni, Y., Solmazer, G., & Özkan, T. (2020). Ulusal Seviyede Kültür ve Trafik Ölüm Oranları İlişkisi: Ekonominin Düzenleyici Rolü. Trafik Ve Ulaşım Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(1), 28-38. https://doi.org/10.38002/tuad.654010