TOXICOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT AND PREVENTION - CONTROL MEASURES

Yıl 2017, Cilt: Volume 2 Sayı: İssue 1 (1) - 2.İnternational Congress Of Forensic Toxicology, 106 - 106, 16.02.2017

Derya Koçak

Öz

The main objectives of toxicology are that revealing toxic effects due to
various factors, scientific research to improve information on the toxic effects,
perform risk assessment by researching potential toxic effects of chemicals
agents in our environment and workplace and controlling of chemicals and other
toxins to prevent hazards. Toxicology is divided into sub-fields such as
descriptive toxicology, clinical toxicology, environmental toxicology,
industrial toxicology, forensic toxicology, analytical toxicology and
ecotoxicology.

Occupational toxicology works by integrating with toxicology,
occupational health and occupational hygiene. It is concerned with safety
measures relating to the workplace and employee safety and standardization of
the environment. It also determines the safety limits for poisoning agents in
the industrial area.

The hazards of physical, chemical and biological agents cause structural
and functional changes in humans and these agents are analyzed qualitatively
and quantitatively with occupational toxicology. By use of these analysis
results, prevention from hazards of these substances is provided.   

A successful
risk assessment is required to develop effective prevention and control
measures for toxic substances. Toxic substances exposed in industry are
classified as toxic gaseous, organic-based toxic substances, volatile toxic
substances and heavy metals. Effective prevention and control measures start
with combating the risks at source. If this is not possible, toxic substances
should be substitute with non-toxic or less toxic substances. Then, engineering
control measures should be used like adapting the work to the individual,
especially as regards the design of work places, the choice of work equipment
and the choice of working and production methods and work at a predetermined
work-rate and to reducing their effect on health. These measures are followed
by signage/warnings and/or administrative controls and personal protective
equipment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

TOXICOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT AND PREVENTION - CONTROL MEASURES

Kaynakça

• Derya KOÇAK Centre for Labour and Social Security Training and Research, Pursaklar, Ankara, Turkey