THE CYTOTOXIC EFFECT AND THE PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE IN THE BIOMATERIALS APPLICATIONS

Yıl 2017, Cilt: Volume 2 Sayı: İssue 1 (1) - 2.İnternational Congress Of Forensic Toxicology, 226 - 226, 16.02.2017

Nuray Emın

Öz

The materials
used to provide structures and/or functions in a living system are called
biomaterials. They are commonly synthetic materials used to treat an injury or
to function in intimate contact with living organism. Biologically, chemically
and mechanically acceptance of a medical implant by the whole body is very
important. And this is a prerequisite for material’s biocompatibility.
Biocompatibility is the appropriate host response against the material's
ability in a specific application. This physiological response includes
deficiency of blood clotting, resistance of bacterial colonization and normal body
heating.  The biomaterials and their
degradation products must be biocompatible with host tissues: i.e. non-toxic,
non-allergic, non-carcinogenic, and non-inflammatory. The cytotoxic effect of a
material causes cell death, resulting in tissue degradation. Thus, toxicity
must be determined prior the transplantation. Toxicity of biomaterials is
determined by some testings based on in vitro cell culture. ISO 10993-5
regulated these methods with three testing categories. These testing categories
are based on direct cell-material contact, indirect cell-material interactions
and location of applications within the host. The selected cell type (e.g.
somatic cell types, mesenchymal stem cells, cell lines etc.) and the origin of
cells (human or other mammalians, tissue type etc.) are very important for
cytotoxic testing. On the other hand qualitative or quantitative method
choosing is also important parameter for cytotoxic testing. Consequently, all
of these toxicity tests generally consists in determining the number of cells
in proliferative stage.

 

Anahtar Kelimeler

THE CYTOTOXIC EFFECT AND THE PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE IN THE BIOMATERIALS APPLICATIONS

Kaynakça

• Nuray EMIN
• Kastamonu University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Biomedical Engineering Division, Kastamonu, Turkey