Kör- “To See” in Kutadgu Bilig: Polysemy, Metaphor and Grammaticalization

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 29, 59 - 76, 01.06.2015

Faruk Gökçe

Öz

This study focuses on a linguistic analysis of one of the perceptual verbs “kör-“ which has a high frequency rate in Kutadgu Bilig. In Kutadgu Bilig, one of the voluminous works of Islamic Turkish Literature, in addition to its conceptual meaning, “to see”, the verb “kör-”is polysemous with its meanings “to comprehend”, “to know”, and “to perceive”. At this point, this verb comes into prominence with its conceptual metaphorical value. Moreover, the perception verb “kör-”can be the subject of the grammaticalization process in Kutadgu Bilig. Especially with its meaning “to experience”, a grammatical improvement that can be labeled as “an experience action form” draws attention. All these improvements will be assessed in the light of the cognitive and typological studies on the perceptual verb KÖR-“to see” in Kutadgu Bilig.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Perceptual verbs, vision verbs, verb “to see”, polysemy, conceptual metaphor, grammaticalization, semantics, Old Turkic

Kutadgu Bilig’de kör- “görmek”: Çok Anlamlılık, Metafor ve Gramerleşme

Öz

Eldeki çalışma, Kutadgu Bilig’de sıklık değeri yüksek algı fiillerinden biri olan KÖR- fiilinin dilbilimsel incelemesi üzerine yoğunlaşmaktadır. İslamî Türk Edebiyatı’nın en hacimli eserlerinden biri olan Kutadgu Bilig’de KÖR- fiili, fiziksel görme (vision) anlamlarının dışında “anlamak, bilmek, idrâk etmek, tecrübe etmek” gibi çok anlamlı yapılar da sergilemektedir. Bu anlamda KÖR- algı fiili, kavramsal metafor değeriyle de öne çıkmaktadır. Ayrıca KÖR- algı fiili, Kutadgu Bilig’de gramerleşme süreçlerine de konu olabilmektedir. Özellikle “tecrübet et-” anlamıyla deneme kılınışı şeklinde adlandırabileceğimiz gramatikal bir gelişim, dikkati çekmektedir. Bütün bu gelişimler, GÖR- algı fiili üzerine yapılan tipoloji ve idrâk dilbilimi çalışmaları ışığında değerlendirilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Algı fiilleri, görme/vizyon fiilleri, KÖR- algı fiili, çok anlamlılık, kavramsal metafor, gramerleşme, anlambilim, Eski Türkçe.

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