Diş Çürüğünün Teşhisi ve Bu Amaçla Kullanılan Güncel Yöntemler
Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 219 - 231, 19.10.2023
Oya Bala
,
Sümeyye Kanlıdere
Öz
Diş çürüğü, toplumda sık karşılaşılan önemli ve yaygın
problemlerden biridir. Diş çürüğünün başlangıç aşamasında
teşhis edilmesi çürük lezyonun ilerlemesine engel olur, ayrıca
daha komplike tedavi uygulamalarının yapılmasına olan
gereksinimi de azaltmış olur. Çürük teşhisi kliniklerde en yaygın
olarak görsel ve dokunsal muayene ile birlikte radyografinin
kullanımı ile yapılmaktadır. Bu yöntemlerin çürüğün erken
aşamada teşhis edilmesinde bazı sınırlamaları bulunmaktadır.
Bu nedenle günümüzde farklı çalışma prensipleriyle çalışan
çürük teşhis yöntemleri geliştirilmiş ve hekimlerin kullanımına
sunulmuştur. Bu derlemenin amacı, çürüğün erken dönemde
doğru bir şekilde teşhis edilmesi amacıyla geliştirilen bu teşhis
yöntemlerinden bahsetmektir.
Kaynakça
- Fejerskov O, Kidd EAM, Nyvad B, Baelum V. Defining
the disease: an introduction. In: Fejerskov O, Kidd E, eds.
Dental Caries: The Disease and Clinical Management. 2nd
edn. Oxford: Blackwell Munksgaard, 2008.
- Robinson C, Shore RC, Brookes SJ, Strafford S, Wood SR
Kirkham J. The chemistry of enamel caries. Crit Rev Oral
Biol Med 2000;11:481-95.
- Caufield PW, Griffen AL. Dental caries. Pediatr Clin North
Am 2000;47:1001-19.
- Roberson T, Heymann HO, Swift Jr EJ. Sturdevant’s Art
and Science of Operative Dentistry. 5th edn. Elsevier
Health Sciences, 2006.
- Deery C, Toumba KJ. Diagnosis and prevention of
dental caries. In:Welbury R, Duggal MS, Hosey MT, eds.
Paediatric Dentistry. 3rd edn. Oxford: Oxford Univ Press,
2005. p. 122.
- Banerjee A, Watson TF. Pickard’s guide to minimally
invasive operative dentistry. 10th edn. Oxford: Oxford
Univ Press, 2015. p. 7-9.
- Foros P, Oikonomou E, Koletsi D, Rahiotis C. Detection
methods for early caries diagnosis: a systematic review and
meta-analysis. Caries Res 2021;55:247-59.
- Pretty IA. Caries detection and diagnosis: novel
technologies. J Dent 2006;34:727-39.
- Mohanraj M, Prabhu VR, Senthil R. Diagnostic methods
for early detection of dental caries - A review. Int J Pedod
Rehabil 2016;1:29-36.
- Gomez J. Detection and diagnosis of the early caries lesion.
BMC Oral Health 2015;15 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S3-S3.
- Karlsson L. Caries Detection methods based on changes in
optical properties between healthy and carious tissue. Int J
Dent 2010 ;2010:270729.
- Selwitz RH, Ismail AI, Pitts NB. Dental caries. Lancet
2007;369(9555):51-9.
- Neuhaus KW, Ellwood R, Lussi A, Pitts NB. Traditional
lesion detection aids. Monogr Oral Sci 2009;21:42-51.
- Warren JJ, Levy SM, Wefel JS. Explorer probing of
root caries lesions: an in vitro study. Spec Care Dentist
2003;23:18-21.
- Zandona AF, Zero DT. Diagnostic tools for early caries
detection. J Am Dent Assoc 2006;137:1675-84.
- Ismail AI, Sohn W, Tellez M, Amaya A, Sen A, Hasson
H, Pitts NB, et al. The International Caries Detection and
Assessment System (ICDAS): an integrated system for
measuring dental caries. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol
2007;35:170-8.
- Kühnisch J, Goddon I, Berger S, Senkel H, Bücher
K, Oehme T, Hickel R, Heinrich-Weltzien R, et al.
Development, methodology and potential of the new
Universal Visual Scoring System (UniViSS) for caries
detection and diagnosis. Int J Environ Res Public Health
2009;6(9):2500-9.
- Ekstrand KR, Martignon S, Ricketts DJ, Qvist V. Detection
and activity assessment of primary coronal caries lesions: a
methodologic study. Oper Dent 2007;32:225-35.
- Kamburoğlu K, Kolsuz E, Murat S, Yüksel S, Ozen T.
Proximal caries detection accuracy using intraoral bitewing
radiography, extraoral bitewing radiography and panoramic
radiography. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2012;41:450-9.
- Akkaya N, Kansu O, Kansu H, Cagirankaya LB,
Arslan U. Comparing the accuracy of panoramic and
intraoral radiography in the diagnosis of proximal caries.
Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2006; 35: 170–4.
- McComb D, Tam LE. Diagnosis of occlusal caries: Part I.
Conventional methods. J Can Dent Assoc 2001;67:454-7.
- Pooterman JH, Weerheijm KL, Groen HJ, Kalsbeek H.
Clinical and radiographic judgement of occlusal caries in
adolescents. Eur J Oral Sci 2000;108:93-8.
- Wenzel A, Kirkevang LL. Students’ attitudes to digital
radiography and measurement accuracy of two digital
systems in connection with root canal treatment. Eur J Dent
Educ 2004;8:167-71.
- White SC, Pharoah MJ. Oral radiology: Principles and
Interpretation. 5th edn. Toronto: Mosby, 2004. p. 297-313.
- Mollica FB, Torres CRG, Gonçalves SE, Mancini MN.
Dentine microhardness after different methods for detection
and removal of carious dentine tissue. J Appl Oral Sci
2012;20:449-54.
- Sadasiva K, Kumar KS, Rayar S, Shamini S, Unnikrishnan
M, Kandaswamy D. Evaluation of the efficacy of visual,
tactile method, caries detector dye, and laser fluorescence
in removal of dental caries and confirmation by culture
and polymerase chain reaction: an in vivo study. J Pharm
Bioallied Sci 2019;11(Suppl 2):146-50.
- Hosoya Y, Taguchi T, Tay FR. Evaluation of a new caries
detecting dye for primary and permanent carious dentin. J
Dent 2007;35:137-43.
- Banerjee A, Kidd EA, Watson TF. In vitro validation of
carious dentin removed using different excavation criteria.
Am J Dent 2003;16:228-30.
- Akbari M, Ahrari F, Jafari M. A comparative evaluation
of DIAGNOdent and caries detector dye in detection of
residual caries in prepared cavities. J Contemp Dent Pract
2012;13(4):515-20.
- Strassler HE, Pitel ML. Using fiber-optic transillumination
as a diagnostic aid in dental practice. Compend Contin
Educ Dent 2014;35(2):80-8.
- Fejerskov O, Kidd E. Dental Caries and The Disease and
It’s Clinical Management. 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell
Munksgaard, 2003.p. 61-142.
- Akyıldız BM, Sönmez I. Diş çürüğünün erken teşhisinde
transillüminasyon yöntemleri.Akyüz S,editör.Çürük
Tespitinde Güncel Yaklaşımlar.1.Baskı.Ankara:Türkiye
Klinikleri; 2019.p.14-20.
- Abogazalah N, Eckert GJ, Ando M. In vitro visual and
visible light transillumination methods for detection of
natural non-cavitated approximal caries. Clin Oral Investig
2019;23(3):1287-94.
- Abogazalah N, Ando M. Alternative methods to visual and
radiographic examinations for approximal caries detection.
J Oral Sci 2017;59(3):315-22.
- Astvaldsdóttir A, Ahlund K, Holbrook WP, de Verdier B,
Tranæus S. Approximal caries detection by DIFOTI: in
vitro comparison of diagnostic accuracy/efficacy with film
and digital radiography. Int J Dent 2012 ;2012:326401.
- Richards D. Best clinical practice guidance for management
of early caries lesions in children and young adults: an
EAPD policy document. Evid-Based Dent 2016;17(2):35–
7.
- Akyıldız E, Özalp N. Diagnosis of Early Dental
Caries by Traditional, Contemporary and Developing
Imaging Methods. European Annals of Dental Sciences
2022;49(1):38-45.
- Laitala, M. L., Piipari, L., Sämpi, N., Korhonen, M.,
Pesonen, P., Joensuu, T., & Anttonen, V,et al. Validity of
digital imaging of fiber-optic transillumination in caries
detection on proximal tooth surfaces. Int J Dent 2017
;2017:8289636.
- Darling CL, Huynh GD, Fried D. Light scattering properties
of natural and artificially demineralized dental enamel at
1310 nm. J Biomed Opt 2006;11(3):34023.
- Fried D, Featherstone JD, Darling CL, Jones RS,
Ngaotheppitak P, Buhler CM, Early caries imaging and
monitoring with near-infrared light. Dent Clin North Am
2005; 49(4):771–93.
- Abogazalah N, Eckert GJ, Ando M, In vitro performance of
near infrared light transillumination at 780-nm and digital
radiography for detection of non-cavitated approximal
caries, J Dent 2017;63:44-50.
- Söchtig F, Hickel R, Kühnisch J. Caries detection and
diagnostics with near-infrared light transillumination:
clinical experiences. Quintessence Int 2014;45(6):531-8.
- Abdelaziz M, Krejci I, DIAGNOcam–a near infrared
digital imaging transillumination (NIDIT) technology. Int
J Esthet Dent 2015;10(1):158-65.
- Lara-Capi C, Cagetti MG, Lingström P, Lai G, Cocco
F, Simark-Mattsson C, Campus G, et al. Digital
transillumination in caries detection versus radiographic
and clinical methods: an in-vivo study. Dentomaxillofac
Radiol 2017;46(4):20160417.
- Marinova-Takorova M, Anastasova R, Panov VE, Yanakiev
S. Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of three
methods for proximal caries diagnosis – a clinical study. J
of IMAB 2014;20(1):514-16.
- Chu CH, Lo EC, You DS. Clinical diagnosis of fissure
caries with conventional and laser-induced fluorescence
techniques. Lasers Med Sci 2010;25(3):355-62.
- Rechmann P, Charland D, Rechmann BMT, Featherstone
JDB. Performance of laser fluorescence devices and
visual examination for the detection of occlusal caries in
permanent molars. J Biomed Opt 2012;17(3), 36006.
- Hibst R, Paulus R, Lussi A. Detection of occlusal caries by
laser fluorescence: basic and clinical investigations. Med
Laser Appl 2001;16(3):205-13.
- Lussi A, Megert B, Longbottom C, Reich E, Francescut
P. Clinical performance of a laser fluorescence device
for detection of occlusal caries lesions. Eur J Oral Sci
2001;109(1):14-9.
- Lussi A, Hellwig E. Performance of a new laser fluorescence
device for the detection of occlusal caries in vitro. J Dent
2006;34(7):467-71.
- Shi XQ, Welander U, Angmar-Mansson B. Occlusal caries
detection with KaVo DIAGNOdent and radiography: an in
vitro comparison. Caries Res 2000;34(2):151-8.
- Costa AM, Paula LM, Bezerra AC. Use of Diagnodent for
diagnosis of non-cavitated occlusal dentin caries. J Appl
Oral Sci 2008;16(1):18-23.
- Toraman M, Bala O. Yeni bir lazer floresans cihazının
oklüzal çürük teşhisi açısından in vitro olarak
değerlendirilmesi. GÜ Dişhek Fak Derg 2003;20(1):9-14.
- Lennon AM. Fluorescence-aided caries excavation
(FACE) compared to conventional method. Oper Dent
2003;28(4):341-5.
- Lennon AM, Attin T, Martens S, Buchalla W. Fluorescenceaided
caries excavation (FACE), caries detector, and
conventional caries excavation in primary teeth. Pediatr
Dent 2009;31(4):316-19.
- Coulthwaite L, Pretty IA, Smith PW, Higham SM, Verran
J. The microbiological origin of fluorescence observed
in plaque on dentures during QLF analysis. Caries Res
2006;40(2):112-16.
- Koç Vural U, Kütük ZB, Ergin E, Yalçın Çakır F, Gürgan S.
Comparison of two different methods of detecting residual
caries. Restor Dent Endod 2017;42(1):48-53.
- Lai G, Zhu L, Xu X, Kunzelmann KH. An in vitro
comparison of fluorescence-aided caries excavation and
conventional excavation by microhardness testing. Clin
Oral Investig 2014;18(2):599-605.
- Lai G, Kaisarly D, Xu X, Kunzelmann KH. MicroCT-based
comparison between fluorescence-aided caries excavation
and conventional excavation. Am J Dent 2014;27(1):12-6.
- Lennon AM, Attin T, Buchalla W. Quantity of remaining
bacteria and cavity size after excavation with FACE, caries
detector dye and conventional excavation in vitro. Oper
Dent 2007;32(3):236–41.
- Van der Veen MH, de Josselin de Jong E. Application of
quantitative light-induced fluorescence for assessing early
caries lesions. Monogr Oral Sci 2000;17:144-62.
- Angmar-Månsson B, ten Bosch JJ. Quantitative lightinduced
fluorescence (QLF): a method for assessment
of incipient caries lesions. Dentomaxillofac Radiol
2001;30(6):298-307.
- Cho KH, Kang CM, Jung HI, Lee HS, Lee K, Lee TY,
Song JS, et al. The diagnostic efficacy of quantitative
light-induced fluorescence in detection of dental caries of
primary teeth. J Dent 2021;115:103845.
- Silvertown JD, Wong BPY, Abrams SH, Sivagurunathan
KS, Mathews SM, Amaechi BT. Comparison of The
Canary System and DIAGNOdent for the in vitro detection
of caries under opaque dental sealants. J Investig Clin Dent
2017;8(4).
- Michaelis J, Yu Q, Lallier T, Xu X, Ballard RW, Armbruster
P. Quantifying the degree of white spot lesions on enamel
caused by different commercial beverages using the Canary
Caries Detection System: an in vitro study. J Dent Res Dent
Clin Dent Prospects 2022;16(1):29-34.
- Tassery H, Levallois B, Terrer E, Manton DJ, Otsuki M,
Koubi S, Gugnani N, Panayotov I, Jacquot B, Cuisinier
F, Rechmann P, et al. Use of new minimum intervention
dentistry technologies in caries management. Aust Dent J
2013;58 Suppl 1:40-59.
- Gugnani N, Pandit I, Srivastava N, Gupta M, Gugnani S.
Light induced fluorescence evaluation: A novel concept
for caries diagnosis and excavation. J Conserv Dent
2011;14(4):418-22.
- Panayotov I, Terrer E, Salehi H, Tassery H, Yachouh J,
Cuisinier FJ, Levallois B,et al. In vitro investigation of
fluorescence of carious dentin observed with a Soprolife®
camera. Clin Oral Investig 2013;17(3):757-63.
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Saleh N, Bourgeois D, Farge P, et al. SOPROLIFE
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MJK. Comparison of diagnostic effects of infrared imaging
and bitewing radiography in proximal caries of permanent
teeth. Lasers Med Sci 2019;34(5):873-79.
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Campos JADB, Oliveira-Junior OBD. Clinical effectiveness
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Çelik HH. Occlusal caries depth measurements obtained
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Ultrasonic System to Detect Very Early Caries Lesions on
Human Enamel. Marmara Dental Journal. 2013; 1(1): 16-9.
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surfaces by ultrasonic caries detector. Oral Surg Oral Med
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Cleghorn B. Detection of early dental caries using polarized
Raman spectroscopy. Opt Express 2006;14(1):203-15.
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primary and permanent teeth using terahertz spectroscopy.
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comparative study of occlusal and proximal caries using
terahertz and X-ray imaging. Dentomaxillofac Radiol
2019;48(2):20180250.
Diagnosis of Dental Caries and Current Methods Used for This Purpose
Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 219 - 231, 19.10.2023
Oya Bala
,
Sümeyye Kanlıdere
Öz
Dental caries is one of the most important and common
problems encountered in society. Diagnosing dental caries at
the initial stage prevents the progression of the carious lesion,
and also reduces the need for more complicated treatment
applications. Caries diagnosis is most commonly made in clinics
using radiography together with visual and tactile examination.
These methods have some limitations in diagnosing caries at an
early stage. For this reason, today, caries diagnosis methods
that work with different working principles have been developed
and presented to the use of physicians. The aim of this review
is to mention about these diagnostic methods developed for the
correct diagnosis of caries in the early period.
Kaynakça
- Fejerskov O, Kidd EAM, Nyvad B, Baelum V. Defining
the disease: an introduction. In: Fejerskov O, Kidd E, eds.
Dental Caries: The Disease and Clinical Management. 2nd
edn. Oxford: Blackwell Munksgaard, 2008.
- Robinson C, Shore RC, Brookes SJ, Strafford S, Wood SR
Kirkham J. The chemistry of enamel caries. Crit Rev Oral
Biol Med 2000;11:481-95.
- Caufield PW, Griffen AL. Dental caries. Pediatr Clin North
Am 2000;47:1001-19.
- Roberson T, Heymann HO, Swift Jr EJ. Sturdevant’s Art
and Science of Operative Dentistry. 5th edn. Elsevier
Health Sciences, 2006.
- Deery C, Toumba KJ. Diagnosis and prevention of
dental caries. In:Welbury R, Duggal MS, Hosey MT, eds.
Paediatric Dentistry. 3rd edn. Oxford: Oxford Univ Press,
2005. p. 122.
- Banerjee A, Watson TF. Pickard’s guide to minimally
invasive operative dentistry. 10th edn. Oxford: Oxford
Univ Press, 2015. p. 7-9.
- Foros P, Oikonomou E, Koletsi D, Rahiotis C. Detection
methods for early caries diagnosis: a systematic review and
meta-analysis. Caries Res 2021;55:247-59.
- Pretty IA. Caries detection and diagnosis: novel
technologies. J Dent 2006;34:727-39.
- Mohanraj M, Prabhu VR, Senthil R. Diagnostic methods
for early detection of dental caries - A review. Int J Pedod
Rehabil 2016;1:29-36.
- Gomez J. Detection and diagnosis of the early caries lesion.
BMC Oral Health 2015;15 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S3-S3.
- Karlsson L. Caries Detection methods based on changes in
optical properties between healthy and carious tissue. Int J
Dent 2010 ;2010:270729.
- Selwitz RH, Ismail AI, Pitts NB. Dental caries. Lancet
2007;369(9555):51-9.
- Neuhaus KW, Ellwood R, Lussi A, Pitts NB. Traditional
lesion detection aids. Monogr Oral Sci 2009;21:42-51.
- Warren JJ, Levy SM, Wefel JS. Explorer probing of
root caries lesions: an in vitro study. Spec Care Dentist
2003;23:18-21.
- Zandona AF, Zero DT. Diagnostic tools for early caries
detection. J Am Dent Assoc 2006;137:1675-84.
- Ismail AI, Sohn W, Tellez M, Amaya A, Sen A, Hasson
H, Pitts NB, et al. The International Caries Detection and
Assessment System (ICDAS): an integrated system for
measuring dental caries. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol
2007;35:170-8.
- Kühnisch J, Goddon I, Berger S, Senkel H, Bücher
K, Oehme T, Hickel R, Heinrich-Weltzien R, et al.
Development, methodology and potential of the new
Universal Visual Scoring System (UniViSS) for caries
detection and diagnosis. Int J Environ Res Public Health
2009;6(9):2500-9.
- Ekstrand KR, Martignon S, Ricketts DJ, Qvist V. Detection
and activity assessment of primary coronal caries lesions: a
methodologic study. Oper Dent 2007;32:225-35.
- Kamburoğlu K, Kolsuz E, Murat S, Yüksel S, Ozen T.
Proximal caries detection accuracy using intraoral bitewing
radiography, extraoral bitewing radiography and panoramic
radiography. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2012;41:450-9.
- Akkaya N, Kansu O, Kansu H, Cagirankaya LB,
Arslan U. Comparing the accuracy of panoramic and
intraoral radiography in the diagnosis of proximal caries.
Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2006; 35: 170–4.
- McComb D, Tam LE. Diagnosis of occlusal caries: Part I.
Conventional methods. J Can Dent Assoc 2001;67:454-7.
- Pooterman JH, Weerheijm KL, Groen HJ, Kalsbeek H.
Clinical and radiographic judgement of occlusal caries in
adolescents. Eur J Oral Sci 2000;108:93-8.
- Wenzel A, Kirkevang LL. Students’ attitudes to digital
radiography and measurement accuracy of two digital
systems in connection with root canal treatment. Eur J Dent
Educ 2004;8:167-71.
- White SC, Pharoah MJ. Oral radiology: Principles and
Interpretation. 5th edn. Toronto: Mosby, 2004. p. 297-313.
- Mollica FB, Torres CRG, Gonçalves SE, Mancini MN.
Dentine microhardness after different methods for detection
and removal of carious dentine tissue. J Appl Oral Sci
2012;20:449-54.
- Sadasiva K, Kumar KS, Rayar S, Shamini S, Unnikrishnan
M, Kandaswamy D. Evaluation of the efficacy of visual,
tactile method, caries detector dye, and laser fluorescence
in removal of dental caries and confirmation by culture
and polymerase chain reaction: an in vivo study. J Pharm
Bioallied Sci 2019;11(Suppl 2):146-50.
- Hosoya Y, Taguchi T, Tay FR. Evaluation of a new caries
detecting dye for primary and permanent carious dentin. J
Dent 2007;35:137-43.
- Banerjee A, Kidd EA, Watson TF. In vitro validation of
carious dentin removed using different excavation criteria.
Am J Dent 2003;16:228-30.
- Akbari M, Ahrari F, Jafari M. A comparative evaluation
of DIAGNOdent and caries detector dye in detection of
residual caries in prepared cavities. J Contemp Dent Pract
2012;13(4):515-20.
- Strassler HE, Pitel ML. Using fiber-optic transillumination
as a diagnostic aid in dental practice. Compend Contin
Educ Dent 2014;35(2):80-8.
- Fejerskov O, Kidd E. Dental Caries and The Disease and
It’s Clinical Management. 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell
Munksgaard, 2003.p. 61-142.
- Akyıldız BM, Sönmez I. Diş çürüğünün erken teşhisinde
transillüminasyon yöntemleri.Akyüz S,editör.Çürük
Tespitinde Güncel Yaklaşımlar.1.Baskı.Ankara:Türkiye
Klinikleri; 2019.p.14-20.
- Abogazalah N, Eckert GJ, Ando M. In vitro visual and
visible light transillumination methods for detection of
natural non-cavitated approximal caries. Clin Oral Investig
2019;23(3):1287-94.
- Abogazalah N, Ando M. Alternative methods to visual and
radiographic examinations for approximal caries detection.
J Oral Sci 2017;59(3):315-22.
- Astvaldsdóttir A, Ahlund K, Holbrook WP, de Verdier B,
Tranæus S. Approximal caries detection by DIFOTI: in
vitro comparison of diagnostic accuracy/efficacy with film
and digital radiography. Int J Dent 2012 ;2012:326401.
- Richards D. Best clinical practice guidance for management
of early caries lesions in children and young adults: an
EAPD policy document. Evid-Based Dent 2016;17(2):35–
7.
- Akyıldız E, Özalp N. Diagnosis of Early Dental
Caries by Traditional, Contemporary and Developing
Imaging Methods. European Annals of Dental Sciences
2022;49(1):38-45.
- Laitala, M. L., Piipari, L., Sämpi, N., Korhonen, M.,
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