Effectiveness Of Different Methods For Screening Of Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.) Drought Tolerant Cultıvars

Mehdi Ghaffarı

Effectiveness Of Different Methods For Screening Of Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.) Drought Tolerant Cultıvars

Year 2014, Volume: 1 Issue: Özel Sayı-2, 1584 - 1589, 01.03.2014

Abstract

Effectiveness of index versus multivariate based methods for screening of sunflower genotypes were compared under drought stress in vegetative, flowering and grain filling stages. Field evaluation was carried out as a strip plot design with three replications at Khoy Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station in Iran. Flowering stage identified as the most sensitive stage to water deficit with 38% reduction in grain yield compared with normal irrigation. Hybrid Farrokh had the highest seed yield in all irrigation treatments (3686, 2856, 2256 and 2506 Kg/ha in control and water deficit in vegetative, flowering and grain filling stages respectively). The lowest and highest reduction in seed yield was observed in Lakomka and Hysun33 respectively in all drought treatments. According to the stress tolerance and sensitivity indices Farrokh and Hysun33 were the most drought tolerant and sensitive cultivars under all drought treatments respectively. After drought stress in vegetative stage cluster analysis based on all agronomic measurements differentiated Farrokh from others, however there was no singly differentiated cultivar in flowering and seed filling stages. Principle component analysis identified Farrokh as the most drought tolerant while Record as the sensitive cultivars under all drought regimes. Relative water content, head diameter and SPAD value were the main determinant of seed yield under drought stress in vegetative, flowering and seed filling stages respectively. All the methods confirmed Farrokh as the most drought tolerant cultivar, however there were no unique results for identifying of drought sensitive cultivar. Regarding seed yield as the final target it is concluded that principle component analysis merging all plant characteristics can be used as an effective differentiator of genotypes under different water regimes

Keywords

Cluster analysis, Drought stress, Phenological stages, Principle component analysis

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