Therapeutic and Toxic Effects of Alkaloids Extracted of Somnniferum Papaver

Wafa Soudanı; Rachid Djafer; - Fatma; Z Hadjadj – Aoul; Mohamed Abdaouı

Therapeutic and Toxic Effects of Alkaloids Extracted of Somnniferum Papaver

Year 2014, Volume: 1 Issue: Özel Sayı-2, 1883 - 1890, 01.03.2014

Wafa Soudanı Rachid Djafer - Fatma Z Hadjadj – Aoul Mohamed Abdaouı

Abstract

The wealth of their contribution to every painful or dangerous hour of the life of the man gives to the plants a choice place in the social representations. Nowadays in spite of the development of the chemistry of synthesis, the use of the medicinal herbs preserved a broad place because of their effectiveness in various therapeutic procedures thanks to their active ingredients which they contain. The opiates are the psychotropic substances resulting from the poppy with opium: Papaver Somniferum, a plant known since more than four thousand years before J-C. The Greek doctor Galien prescribed opium in a receipt against various evils (cough, headaches, deseases of the gall bladder), after it was consumed as euphoriant from the 19th century. Opium is the latex exuded by the capsules of the poppy, it contains about thirty different alkaloids from which the structure is derived of phenanthrene (morphine, codeine, thebaine,…),or derived of isoquinoleine (papaverin, narcotin, narceine,…).Morphine is the most abundant alkaloid of the opium which contains 10% of them, this value can vary the simple one with the double according to the producting regions, it is also the most active alkaloid and that whose properties are searched by the opium addicts. In this context, the main aims of this work were to demonstrate the method of extraction,separation and identification of alkaloids of opium (opiates) and to study the therapeutic and toxic effects of alkaloids extracted of opium

Keywords

opiates, morphine, codeine, analgesics, alkaloid, psychotropic

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