Investigation of the Change in Yield and Bioactivity of Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) Tincture Depending on Liquid/Solid Ratio and Ethanol Concentration

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 163 - 174, 06.05.2018

Mahmut Kaplan Mustafa Mücahit Yılmaz Serap Köprü Hürmet Gözelle Gamze Muhderem Rabia Uslu

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.421360

Cited By: 1

Öz

In this study, dandelion (Taraxacum
officinale) plant was used for the production of tincture, a hydroalcoholic
extract type, and it was aimed to determine process factor levels for the
optimization of the production conditions in order to increase the final product
quality. For this purpose, central composite rotatable design based on response
surface methodology was utilized for the optimization process. The liquid /
solid ratio and the ethanol concentration were chosen as factors for the
preparation of the samples. In order to determine bioactive properties of samples,
total phenolic content, antiradical capacity (EC₅₀) value and
extract yield properties were determined. Liquid / solid ratio and ethanol
concentration were found to be very effective over the total amount of phenolic
materials. The total phenolic content values ​​of the samples ranged from
605-1754 mg GAE/L, EC₅₀ values ​​ranged from 9.80-199.2, and extract
yields ranged from 2.32-6.49%. Increasing the amount of liquid for herbs
increased the total phenolic content, which led to a decrease in the yield of
the extract. The result of the optimization process showed that the highest
total phenolic content could be achieved in a 1: 4 solid / liquid ratio at a
concentration of 57% ethanol.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dandelion, tincture, bioactivity, optimization, response surface methodology

Sıvı/Katı Oranı ve Etanol Konsantrasyonuna Göre Karahindiba (Taraxacum officinale) Tentürünün Verim ve Biyoaktivitesindeki Değişimin İncelenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, bir hidroalkolik ekstrakt
tipi olan tentür üretimi amacıyla karahindiba (Taraxacum officinale) bitkisi kullanılmış ve son ürün kalitesini
artırmaya yönelik olarak üretim şartlarını optimize etmek üzere proses faktör
seviyelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, optimizasyon işlemi için
tepki yüzey yöntemi tabanlı merkezi tümleşik tasarım dizaynından
faydalanılmıştır. Örneklerin hazırlanması amacıyla sıvı/katı oranı ve etanol
konsantrasyonu faktör olarak seçilmiştir. Örneklerin biyoaktif özelliklerinin
belirlenmesi amacıyla toplam fenolik madde miktarı, antiradikal kapasite ve EC₅₀
değeri ile verim özellikleri hesaplanmıştır. Sıvı/katı oranı ve etanol
konsantrasyonunun örneklerin toplam fenolik madde miktarı üzerinde oldukça etkili
olduğu görülmüştür. Örneklerin toplam fenolik madde miktarı değerleri 605-1754
mg GAE/L aralığında, EC₅₀ değerleri 9.80-199.2 aralığında, ekstrakt
verimleri ise %2.32-6.49 aralığında değişim göstermiştir. Bitki örneklerinde sıvı
miktarının artışı toplam fenolik madde miktarını artırırken ekstrakt veriminde
düşüşe yol açmıştır. Optimizasyon işlemi sonucunda en yüksek toplam fenolik
madde miktarının %57 etanol konsantrasyonunda ve 1:4 katı/sıvı oranında elde
edilebileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Karahindiba, tentür, biyoaktivite, optimizasyon, tepki yüzey yöntemi

Kaynakça

• Baba, K., Abe, S., Mizuno, D. 1981. Antitumor activity of hot water extract of dandelion, Taraxacum officinale: correlation between antitumor activity and timing of administration, Yakugaku Asshi. 101(6). 538-543.
• Bisset, N.G. 1994. Taraxaci radixcum herba. In: Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals: A Handbook for Practice in Scientific Basis CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 486-489.
• Brand-Williams, W., Cuvelier, M.E., Berset, C. 1995. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. Food Science and Technology. 28(1): 25-30.
• Bone, K. 2003. A clinical guide to blending liquid herbs. Herbal Formulations for the individual patients. Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier, Missouri.
• Budzianowski, J. 1997. Coumarins, caffeoyltartaric acids and their artefactual methyl esters from Taraxacum officinale leaves. Planta Medica. 63: 288.
• Hu, C., Kitts, D.D. 2005. Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) flower extract suppresses both reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide and prevents lipid oxidation in vitro. Phytomedicine. 12: 588-597.
• Jeon, H.J., Kang, H.J., Jung, H.J., Kang, Y.S., Lim, C.J., Kim, Y.M., Park. E.H. 2008. Anti-inflammatory activity of Taraxacum officinale. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 115(1): 82-88.
• Koç, B., Kaymak Ertekin, F. 2010. Yanıt yüzey yöntemi ve gıda işleme uygulamaları. Gıda, 35(1): 63-70.
• Leung, A.Y., Foster, S. 1996. Dandelion root. In: Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics, second ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 205-207.
• Ma, T., Wang, Q.H., Wu, H. 2010. Optimization of extraction conditions for improving solubility of peanut protein concentrates by response surface methodology. LWT-Food Science and Technology. 43(9): 1450-1455.
• Moreno, C.S., Larrauri, J.A., Calixto, F.S. 1998. A procedure to measure the antiradical efficiency of polyphenols. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 76: 270-276.
• Myers, R., Montgomery, D.C. 2002. Response Surface Methodology: Process and Product Optimization Using Designed Experiments. 2nd Edition, John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA, 798 s.
• Olech, M., Nowak, R., Los, R. Rzymowska, J., Malm, A., Chrusciel, K. 2012. Biological activity and composition of teas and tinctures prepared from Rosa rugosa Thunb. Open Life Science. 7(1): 172-182
• Park, C.M., Youn, H.J. Chang, H.K., Song, Y.S. 2010. TOP1 and 2, polysaccharides from Taraxacum officinale, attenuate CCl4- induced hepatic damage through the modulation of NF-𝜅B and its regulatory mediators. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 48: 1255-1261.
• Rivera-Nunez, D. 1991. Taraxacum vulgare (Lam.) Schrank T. officinale Weber. In: Aritio, L.B. (Ed.), La guıa de incafo de las plantas utiles y venenosas de la Penınsula Iberica y Baleares (excluidas medicinales). Incafo, Madrid, pp. 1024-1026.
• Sengul, M., Yıldız, H., Gungor, N., Cetin, B., Eser, Z., Ercisli, S. 2009. Total phenolic content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of some medicinal plants. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 22(1): 102-106.
• Sheng, Z.L., Wan, P.F., Dong, C.L., Li, Y.H. 2013. Optimization of total flavonoids content extracted from Flos populi using response surface methodology. Industrial Crops and Products. 43(1): 778-786.
• Singleton, V.L. Rossi Jr., J.A. 1965. Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic–phosphotungstic acid reagents. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture. 16: 144-158.
• Sun, Z., Su, R., Qiao, J., Zhao, Z., Wang, X. 2014. Flavonoids extraction from Taraxacum officinale (dandelion): Optimization using response surface methodology and antioxidant activity. Journal of Chemistry. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/956278.
• Tahtamouni, L.H., Alqurna, N.M., Al-Hudhud, M.Y., Al-Hajj, H.A. 2011. Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) decreases male rat fertility in vivo. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 135(1): 102-109.
• Tang, H., Choi, Y.H. 2013. Optimum extraction of bioactive Alkaloid compounds from Rhizome coptidis (Coptis Chinese Franch.) using response surface methodology. Solvent Extraction Research and Development. 20: 91-104.
• You, Y., Yoo, S., Yoon, H.G., Park, J., Lee, H.Y., Kim, S., Oh, K.T., Lee, J., Cho, H.Y., Jun, W. 2010. In vitro and in vivo hepatoprotective effects of the aqueous extract from Taraxacum officinale (dandelion) root against alcohol-induced oxidative stress. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 48(6): 1632-1637.
• Wang X.S., Wu, Y.F., Chen, G.Y., Yue, W., Liang, Q.L., Wu, Q.N. 2013. Optimization of ultrasound assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from Sparganii rhizoma with response surface methodology. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry. 20(3): 846-854.
• Williams, C.A., Goldstone, F., Greenham, J. 1996. Flavonoids, cinnamic acids and coumarins from the different tissues and medicinal preparations of Taraxacum officinale. Phytochemistry. 42: 121-127.