Thiacloprid’in, Anadolu Bal Arısı (Apis mellifera anatoliaca) ve Kafkas Bal Arısı (Apis mellifera causica)’nın Yaşam Sürelerine Etkileri

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3, 245 - 252, 26.07.2018

Ahmed Karahan Mehmet Ali Kutlu İsmail Karaca

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.448343

Cited By: 1

Öz

Son yıllarda tarımsal alanlarda, orman ve bahçelerde
hastalık ve zararlılara karşı kullanılan pestisitlerin arılara verdiği zararlar
gündeme geldikçe üreticiler ilaç tercihlerini arılara zarar vermeyen ilaçlar
yönünde kullanmaya başlamışlardır. Thiacloprid, neonikotinoid bileşenler
sınıfına ait dünya
çapında yaygın olarak kullanılan bir pestisittir. Bu amaçla çalışmamızda thiacloprid
etken maddeli insektisitin ülkemizde yaygın olarak bulunan Anadolu bal arısı (Apis
mellifera anatoliaca) ve Kafkas arısının (Apis mellifera causica)
yaşam süreleri üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada ele alınan
insektisitin etiket dozu (40 ml/100 L su) ve bu dozdan %50 oranında
seyreltilerek hazırlanan altı ayrı dozu ve kontrol grubu için su arılara
püskürtülerek etkileri belirlenmiştir. Uygulama yapıldıktan sonra 12 saat
aralıklarla denemeler kontrol edilmiş ve thiacloprid uygulanan arıların kontrol
grubuna göre yaşam sürelerinde meydana gelen değişiklikler belirlenmiştir. En
yüksek dozda insektisit uygulanan arıların tamamı 12 saat içinde ölürken
kontrol grubu Anadolu arıları ortalama 16 gün, Kafkas arıları ortalama 15 gün
yaşamıştır. Pestisit uygulanan arıların ortalama yaşam süresi Anadolu ve Kafkas
bal arısında sırası ile 6 ve 5 gündür. Doz yaşam süresi arasındaki ilişki
(Anadolu Arısında R² = 0.9745, Kafkas arısında R² = 0,9439) oldukça yüksek
bulunmuştur. Kontrol grubu arılar pestisit püskürtülen arılara göre daha fazla
yaşamışlardır. Kontrol grubuna göre ise pestisit uygulanan arıların yaşam
sürelerindeki düşme oranı Anadolu arısında %62.70 Kafkas arısında %64.10 olarak
belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Apis mellifera anatoliaca, Apis mellifera causica, thiacloprid, arı ölümleri.

Effects of Thiacloprid on the Life Span of Anatolian Honeybee (Apis mellifera anatoliaaca) and Caucasian Honeybee (Apis mellifera causica)

Öz

As the harm
caused by pesticides in recent years has come up, conscious people prefer to
use medicines that do not harm the pest. Thiacloprid active agricultural
warfare agent from the Neonicotinoid group, which is one of the preferred
pesticides for this purpose and has an increasing market size, was examined in
this study, and its effect on the length of life of Anatolian honeybee (Apis
mellifera anatoliaca) and Caucasian bee (Apis mellifera causica) was
examined. In the study, the label dose of the pesticide (40 ml/100-L-water) and
6 separate dose prepared by diluting 50 % of the label dose were sprayed on the
bees and their life span was monitored.. Only water is sprayed onto the control
bees. Spray results were monitored every 12 hours and followed up to the day of
death. The bees were fed with 2M sugared water and normal water during the time
they lived. The change of the length of life of the control bees compared to
the bees that were exposed to drugs with this method was identified. At the end
of the study, all bees that received the highest dose dies within 12 hours
while in the control group, the average was 16 days in Anatolian bees and 15
days in Caucasian bees. The average life span of bees sprayed with pesticide is
6 days in average Anatolia and 5 days in Caucasus. The relationship between
dose and the length of life was pretty high (In Anatolian Bee R²=0.9745, In
Caucasian Bee R²=0,9439). The decay rate in the length of bees that received
all pesticide doses were found %62,70 in Anatolian bees and %64.10 in Caucasian
bee compared to control group.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Apis mellifera anatoliaca, Apis mellifera causica, thiacloprid, honey bee deaths.

Kaynakça

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