Potential Use of Some Preplant Herbicides for Controlling Broadleaf Weeds Before Transplanting Tomato Seedlings

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 241 - 249, 23.04.2021

Fırat Pala , Zeki Karipçin

https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.671301

Cited By: 1

Öz

Weeds reduce yield competing with the tomato for nutrients, water, and light. Also, some common broadleaf weeds such as nightshade, cocklebur, and pigweed are hosts to bugs, disease, and viruses. Weed control with herbicides is focused directly or indirectly on improving the competitive ability of the crop with regard to the weeds. A field study was performed to investigate pre-plant and pre-emergence herbicide's efficacy on weeds and tomato cv. Alsancak Fı at vegetable research fields of Department of Horticulture in Siirt University, in June-August 2016-17. Oxyfluorfen (480 g/l a.i ha–1) active ingredient was identified as promising active ingredient because Weed Control Efficiency (WCE) was found 86% at 14 DAT, 79% at 28 DAT, 65% at 42 DAT, 56 DAT 52%, also Weed Index (WI) was detected 29%. All weed control processes have effectively reduced the density of weeds. However, clomazone (480 g/l EC 0.2 L a.i ha-1), fluometuron (500 g/l SC 2 L a.i ha-1), and flurochloridone (250 g/l EC 2.5 L a.i ha-1) were extremely injured the tomatoes. Although these there active ingredient control weeds more effectively, it cannot be used for weed control in tomato fields because of excessive crop injury. Oxyfluorfen 240 g/l EC 1 L a.i ha-1 and pendimetalin 450 g/l CS 3 L i ha-1 were found relatively promising, these two can be used, but the risk of phytotoxicity depending on application period, climatic and soil conditions should not be ignored.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Oxyfluorfen, Pendimethalin, Preplant herbicides, Tomatoes, Weed control efficiency

Bazı Toprak Herbisitlerinin Domates Fidelerini Şaşırtmadan Önce Yabancı Otları Kontrol Etme Potansiyeli

Öz

Yabancı otlar; besin, su ve ışık için domates bitkisiyle rekabet ederek verimi azaltır. Ayrıca it üzümü, domuz pıtrağı ve horoz ibiği gibi yaygın geniş yapraklı otlar; böcek, hastalık ve virüslere konukçuluk etmektedir. Herbisitlerle yabancı ot kontrolü doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak ürünün yabancı otlarla ilgili rekabet kabiliyetini geliştirmeye odaklanmaktadır. Torpak herbisitlerinin yabancı ot ve domates (Alsancak F1) üzerindeki etkinliğini araştırmak için Siirt Üniversitesi Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümünün sebzecilik araştırma alanlarında Haziran-Ağustos 2016-17 arasında arazi çalışması yapılmıştır. Oxyfluorfen (480 g/l ai ha–1) parsellerinde yabancı ot kontrol etkisi (WCE) 14. günde %86, 28. günde %79, 42. günde %65 ve 56. günde %52; yabancı ot endeksi (WI) %29 olarak tespit edildiğinden bu herbisit umut verici olarak tanımlanmıştır. Tüm yabancı ot kontrol süreçleri yabancı otların yoğunluğunu azaltmıştır. Bununla birlikte, clomazone (480 g/l EC 0.2 L ai ha-1), fluometuron (500 g/l SC 2 L ai ha-1) ve flurochloridone (250 g/l EC 2.5 L ai ha-1) domates fidelerinde aşırı zararlanma oluşturmuştur. Clomazone, fluometuron ve flurochloridone yabancı otları değişik oranlarda kontrol etmelerine rağmen, aşırı ürün hasarı nedeniyle domateste kullanımlarının uygun olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Oxyfluorfen (240 g/l EC 1 L a.i ha-1) ve pendimetalin (450 g/l CS 3 L i ha-1) nispeten ümitvar bulunmuş, ancak bu herbisitlerin uygulama zamanı ile toprak ve iklim koşullarına bağlı olarak fitotoksisite riskinin oluşabileceği göz ardı edilmemelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Oxyfluorfen, Pendimethalin, Ekim öncesi herbisitler, Domates, Yabancı ot kontrol etkinliği

Kaynakça

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