BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

ENOXAPARİN RANDOM PATERNLİ FLEP CANLILIĞINA KATKIDA BULUNMAZ: RAT SIRT DERİ FLEBİNDE DENEYSEL ÇALIŞMA

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 2, 14 - 18, 01.08.2012

Öz

Giriş: Bu deneysel çalışmada, değişik dozlarda subkutan enjekte edilen enoxaparinin random paternli deri fleplerinin canlılığı üzerine etkisi araştırıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: 32 erkek Sprague-Dawley rat (300-450 gram) kullanılarak 4 grup çalışıldı. Grup I (n=8): kontrol grubuna, ilaç verilmedi. Grup II (n=8): Enoxaparin (Clexane, Sanofi Aventis) 2 mg/kg, Grup III (n=8): Enoxaparin 4 mg/kg, Grup IV (n=8): Enoxaparin 8 mg/kg random paternli sırt deri flebinin (3x10 cm) diseksiyonundan 2 saat önce ratlara subkutan enjekte edildi. Flepler keskin diseksiyon ile kaldırıldı ve sonra yerlerine geri dikildi. Enoxaparin dozları ameliyat sonrası 1 hafta boyunca günde 2 defa tekrarlandı. 7. günde fleplerin ölü ve canlı alanları şeffaf asetat kağıda kopyalandı. Kopyalar daha sonra milimetrik kareli kağıt üzerine aktarıldı ve fleplerin ölü ve canlı alanları milimetre kare cinsinden sayıldı. Fleplerdeki ölü alanların toplam flep alanlarına oranı hesaplandı. Gruplar arasındaki farklılıklar Kruskal-Wallis testi ile incelendi. İstatistiksel anlamlılık p≤0.05 olarak kabul edildi. Bulgular: Ölü alan genişliği Grup I’de 150±14.82, Grup II’de 140.71±25.8, Grup III’de 146.75±10,27 ve Grup IV’de 154,37±13,59 birim kare olarak bulundu. Gruplar arası farklılık istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi (p≥0.05). Ölü alanın toplam flep alanına olan oranı Grup I için % 44.98±5.5, Grup II’de % 42.84±6.45, Grup III’de % 44.36±3.93, Grup IV’de % 47.26±6.95 olarak bulundu. Ölü alan yüzdesi açısından gruplar arasında istatistiksel anlamlılık saptanamadı (p≥0.05). Sonuç: Subkutan enoxaparin enjeksiyonu random paternli rat sırt deri flebinde canlılığı artırıcı etkiye sahip değildir.

Kaynakça

  • Turpie AG., Levine MN., Hirsh J., Carter CJ., Jay RM., Powers 1.
  • PJ. et al. A randomized controlled trial of a low-molecular
  • weight heparin (enoxaparin) to prevent deep vein thrombo
  • sis in patients undergoing elective hip surgery. N Engl J Med. 1986;315(15):925-9.
  • Noble S., Peters DH., Goa KL. Enoxaparin. A reappraisal of its 2.
  • pharmacology and clinical applications in the prevention and
  • treatment of thromboembolic disease. Drugs. 1995;49(3):388- 410.
  • Ibbotson T., Goa KL. Enoxaparin. An update of its clinical use
  • in the management of acute coronary syndromes. Drugs. 2002;62:1407-31.
  • Seruya M., Venturi ML., Iorio ML., Davison SP. Efficacy and safety 4.
  • of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in highest risk plastic
  • surgery patients. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2008;122(6):1701-8.
  • Kim EK., Eom JS., Ahn SH., Son BH., Lee TJ. The efficacy of pro- 5.
  • phylactic low-molecular-weight heparin to prevent pulmonary
  • thromboembolism in immediate breast reconstruction using
  • the TRAM flap. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2009;123(1):9-12.
  • Pannucci CJ., Osborne NH., Wahl WL. Venous thromboembolism 6.
  • in thermally injured patients: analysis of the National Burn Re
  • pository. J Burn Care Res. 2011;32(1):6-12.
  • Pannucci CJ., Dreszer G., Wachtman CF., Bailey SH., Portschy PR., 7.
  • Hamill JB. et al. Postoperative enoxaparin prevents symptomatic
  • venous thromboembolism in high-risk plastic surgery patients.
  • Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011;128(5):1093-103.
  • Ertaş NM., Goldman C., Deitcher S., Siemionow M. Dose response 8.
  • of enoxaparin at the cremaster muscle flap microcirculation. Mi
  • crosurgery. 2005;25:147-51.
  • Chen LE., Seaber AV., Korompilias AV., Urbaniak JR. Effects of 9.
  • enoxaparin, standard heparin, and streptokinase on the pat
  • ency of anastomoses in severely crushed arteries. Microsurgery. 1995;16:661-5. 10. Korompilias AV., Chen LE., Seaber AV., Urbaniak JR. Antithrom
  • botic potencies of enoxaparin in microvascular surgery: influ
  • ence of dose and administration methods on patency rate of
  • crushed arterial anastomoses. J Hand Surg (Am). 1997;22(3):540- 546. 11. Ritter EF., Cronan JC., Rudner AM., Serafin D., Klitzman B. Im
  • proved microsurgical anastomotic patency with low molecular
  • weight heparin. J Reconstr Microsurg. 1998;14:331-36. 12. Pratt J., Boudeau P., Uzan A., Imperato A., Stutzmann J. Enox
  • aparin reduces cerebral edema after photothrombotic injury in
  • the rat. Haemostasis. 1998;28(2):78-85. 13. Libersan D., Khalil A., Dagenais P., Quan E., Delorme F., Uzan
  • A., Latour JG. The low molecular weight heparin, enoxaparin,
  • limits infarct size at reperfusion in the dog. Cardiovasc Res.
  • ;37(3):656-66. 14. Vela AR., Littleton JC., O’Leary JP. The effects of minidose heparin
  • and low molecular weight heparin on peritonitis in the rat. Am
  • Surg. 1999;65(5):473-477. 15. Mary V., Wahl F., Uzan A., Stutzmann JM. Enoxaparin in experi
  • mental stroke: neuroprotection and therapeutic window of op
  • portunity. Stroke. 2001; 32(4): 993-999. 16. Quartermain D., Li YS., Jonas S. The low molecular weight hepa
  • rin reduces infarct size in a rat model of temporary focal isch
  • emia. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2003;16(4):346-355. 17. Aşkar İ., Bozkurt M., Oktay MF., Keles C. Salutary effect of ra
  • diopaque contrast media on the survival of random-pattern
  • skin flaps in the rat: an experimental study. Microsurgery.
  • ;24(1):81-84. 18. Kerrigan CL. Skin flap failure: pathophysiology. Plast Reconstr
  • Surg. 1983;72:766-77. 19. Russo CRA., Leite MT., Gomes HCG., Ferreira LM. Transcutaneous
  • electrical nerve stimulation in viability of a random skin flap in
  • nicotine treated rats. Ann Plast Surg. 2006; 57:670-72. 20. Hart K., Baur D., Hodam J., Lesoon-Wood L., Parham M., Keith K.,
  • et al. Short- and long-term effects of sildenafil on skin flap sur
  • vival in rats. Laryngoscope. 2006;116:522-8. 21. Nerem RM., Alexander RW., Chappell DC., Medford RM., Varner
  • SE., Taylor WR. The study of the influence of flow on vascular en
  • dothelial biology. Am J Med Sci. 1998;316:169-75. 22. Uygur F., Noyan N., Çeliköz B., Hahaoğlu A. Expression of the en
  • dothelial thrombomodulin (TM) on the ischemic rat flap model.
  • Ann Plast Surg 2009; 62: 693-8. 23. Hjortdal VE., Sinclair T., Kerrigan CL., Solymoss S. Venous isch
  • emia in skin flaps: microcirculatory intravascular thrombosis.
  • Plast Reconstr Surg. 1994; 93: 366-74. 24. Pazoki-Toroudi H., Ajami M., Habibey R., Hajiaboli E., Firooz A.
  • The effect of enalapril on skin flap viability is independent of
  • angiotensin II AT1 receptors. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;62:699-702. 25. Weinzweig N., Lukash F., Weinzweig J. Topical and systemic cal- cium channel blockers in the prevention and treatment of mi- crovascular spasm in a rat epigastric island skin flap model. Ann
  • Plast Surg. 1999;42:320-26. 26. Shalom A., Friedman T., Westreich M. The effect of postoperative
  • aspirin on random pattern flaps in rats. Am Surg. 2007;73:1126- 1128. 27. Karacaoğlan N., Akbaş H. Effect of parenteral pentoxifylline and
  • topical nitroglycerin on skin flap survival. Otolaryngol Head
  • Neck Surg. 1999;120:272-74. 28. Yang E., Kim SW. The effect of topical application of heparin with
  • microneedling on skin flap survival. 124, No.4 Supplement to
  • Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 29. Davis RE., Wachholz JH., Jassir D., Perlyn CA., Agrama MH. Com
  • parison of topical anti-ischemic agents in the salvage of fail
  • ing random-pattern skin flaps in rats. Arch Facial Plast Surg. 1999;1:27-32. 30. Emery FM., Kodey TR., Bomberger RA., McGregory DB. The effect
  • of nifedipine on skin-flap survival. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1990, 85: 61-3. 31. Iinuma T., Sawada Y. Topical application of capsaicin and flap
  • survival. Br J Plast Surg. 1996;49:319-20. 32. Nakanishi Y., Nakajima T., Yoshimura Y., Okamoto Y., Yamada T.
  • The transepidermal absorption of prostaglandin E1 as a topical
  • ointment: an experimental study of application over a rat skin
  • flap. Ann Plast Surg. 1998;40:44-7. 33. Akhavani MA., Sivakumar B., Paleolog EM., Kang N. Angiogenesis
  • and plastic surgery. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2008;61:1425- 37. 34. Yang D, Morris SF. Comparison of two different delay procedures
  • in a rat skin flap model. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1998;102:1591-7. 35. Shalom A., Friedman T., Westreich M. Effect of aspirin and
  • heparin on random skin flap survival in rats. Dermatol Surg.
  • ;34(6):785-90. 36. Keyes GR., Singer R., Iverson RE., McGuire M., Yates J., Gold A. et
  • al. Mortality in outpatient surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2008; 122: 245-50. 37. Lemaine V., McCarthy C., Kaplan K. Venous thromboembolism
  • following microsurgical breast reconstruction: an objective
  • analysis in 225 consecutive patients using low-molecular-weight
  • heparin prophylaxis. Plast Reconst Surg. 2011; 127: 1399-406. 38. Xu LY., Wang JY., Pan J., Sun LN, Xia Q., Luo BY. Effect of enox
  • aparin and aspirin on hemodynamic disturbances after global
  • cerebral ischemia in rats. Resuscitation. 2010;81:1709-13. 39. Ertaş NM., Çelebioğlu S. Siemionow M. The effects of enoxaparin
  • on inflammatory cells: an experimental study in the rat cremas
  • ter muscle flap. 40th Congress of the European Society for Surgi
  • cal Research, Konya, TURKEY, 25-28 May, 2005 40. Ingber A., Trattner A., Cohen IR., Mekori YA. Low doses of low
  • molecular weight heparin in vivo inhibits the elicitation of con
  • tact hypersensitivity. Acta Derm Venereol. 1994;74:454-6.
  • Hodak E., Yosipovitch G., David M., Ingber A., Chorev L., Lider
  • O. et al. Low-dose low-molecular-weight heparin (enoxaparin)
  • is beneficial in lichen planus: a preliminary report. J Am Acad
  • Dermatol. 1998;38:564-8. 42. Dotan I., Hallak A., Arber N., Santo M., Alexandrowitz A., Knaani
  • Y. et al. Low-dose low-molecular weight heparin (enoxaparin)
  • is effective as adjuvant treatment in active ulcerative colitis: an
  • open trial. Dig Dis Sci. 2001;46:2239-44.

ENOXAPARIN DOES NOT CONTRIBUTE TO RANDOM PATTERN FLAP VIABILITY: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN THE RAT DORSAL SKIN FLAP

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 2, 14 - 18, 01.08.2012

Öz

Introduction: In this experimental study, the effect of different dosages of subcutaneously injected enoxaparin over the viability of random pattern skin flaps was investigated. Material and Methods: Four groups were studied using 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats (300-450 grams). Group I (n=8): control group, no agent was given. In Group II (n=8): Enoxaparin (Clexane, Sanofi Aventis) 2 mg/kg, in Group III (n=8): Enoxaparin 4 mg/kg, in Group IV (n=8): Enoxaparin 8 mg/kg were injected subcutaneously to rats 2 hours before the dissection of random pattern skin flaps (3x10 cm). Flaps were elevated with sharp dissection and sutured back to their original places. Enoxaparin doses were repeated postoperatively twice a day for 1 week. On the 7th postoperative day, necrotic and viable parts of flaps were copied over transparent papers. Copies were then transported over squared paper in millimeter and necrotic and viable areas of flaps were counted in square units. The ratio of necrotic areas in flaps to the total flap areas was calculated. The difference among groups was examined by Kruskal-Wallis test. Statistical significance was presumed at p≤0.05. Results: Necrotic area wideness was found 150±14.82 square unit in Group I, 140.71±25.8 square units in Group II, 146.75±10,27 square units in Group III and 154,37±13,59 square units in Group IV. The difference among groups was not significant (p≥0.05). The ratio of necrotic area to total flap area was found % 44.98±5.5 in Group I, % 42.84±6.45 in Group II, % 44.36±3.93 in Group III, and % 47.26±6.95 in Group IV. Statistical significance was not determined in terms of necrotic area ratio (p≥0.05). Conclusion: Subcutaneous enoxaparin injection does not have an increasing effect over viability of random patern rat dorsal skin flap.

Kaynakça

  • Turpie AG., Levine MN., Hirsh J., Carter CJ., Jay RM., Powers 1.
  • PJ. et al. A randomized controlled trial of a low-molecular
  • weight heparin (enoxaparin) to prevent deep vein thrombo
  • sis in patients undergoing elective hip surgery. N Engl J Med. 1986;315(15):925-9.
  • Noble S., Peters DH., Goa KL. Enoxaparin. A reappraisal of its 2.
  • pharmacology and clinical applications in the prevention and
  • treatment of thromboembolic disease. Drugs. 1995;49(3):388- 410.
  • Ibbotson T., Goa KL. Enoxaparin. An update of its clinical use
  • in the management of acute coronary syndromes. Drugs. 2002;62:1407-31.
  • Seruya M., Venturi ML., Iorio ML., Davison SP. Efficacy and safety 4.
  • of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in highest risk plastic
  • surgery patients. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2008;122(6):1701-8.
  • Kim EK., Eom JS., Ahn SH., Son BH., Lee TJ. The efficacy of pro- 5.
  • phylactic low-molecular-weight heparin to prevent pulmonary
  • thromboembolism in immediate breast reconstruction using
  • the TRAM flap. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2009;123(1):9-12.
  • Pannucci CJ., Osborne NH., Wahl WL. Venous thromboembolism 6.
  • in thermally injured patients: analysis of the National Burn Re
  • pository. J Burn Care Res. 2011;32(1):6-12.
  • Pannucci CJ., Dreszer G., Wachtman CF., Bailey SH., Portschy PR., 7.
  • Hamill JB. et al. Postoperative enoxaparin prevents symptomatic
  • venous thromboembolism in high-risk plastic surgery patients.
  • Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011;128(5):1093-103.
  • Ertaş NM., Goldman C., Deitcher S., Siemionow M. Dose response 8.
  • of enoxaparin at the cremaster muscle flap microcirculation. Mi
  • crosurgery. 2005;25:147-51.
  • Chen LE., Seaber AV., Korompilias AV., Urbaniak JR. Effects of 9.
  • enoxaparin, standard heparin, and streptokinase on the pat
  • ency of anastomoses in severely crushed arteries. Microsurgery. 1995;16:661-5. 10. Korompilias AV., Chen LE., Seaber AV., Urbaniak JR. Antithrom
  • botic potencies of enoxaparin in microvascular surgery: influ
  • ence of dose and administration methods on patency rate of
  • crushed arterial anastomoses. J Hand Surg (Am). 1997;22(3):540- 546. 11. Ritter EF., Cronan JC., Rudner AM., Serafin D., Klitzman B. Im
  • proved microsurgical anastomotic patency with low molecular
  • weight heparin. J Reconstr Microsurg. 1998;14:331-36. 12. Pratt J., Boudeau P., Uzan A., Imperato A., Stutzmann J. Enox
  • aparin reduces cerebral edema after photothrombotic injury in
  • the rat. Haemostasis. 1998;28(2):78-85. 13. Libersan D., Khalil A., Dagenais P., Quan E., Delorme F., Uzan
  • A., Latour JG. The low molecular weight heparin, enoxaparin,
  • limits infarct size at reperfusion in the dog. Cardiovasc Res.
  • ;37(3):656-66. 14. Vela AR., Littleton JC., O’Leary JP. The effects of minidose heparin
  • and low molecular weight heparin on peritonitis in the rat. Am
  • Surg. 1999;65(5):473-477. 15. Mary V., Wahl F., Uzan A., Stutzmann JM. Enoxaparin in experi
  • mental stroke: neuroprotection and therapeutic window of op
  • portunity. Stroke. 2001; 32(4): 993-999. 16. Quartermain D., Li YS., Jonas S. The low molecular weight hepa
  • rin reduces infarct size in a rat model of temporary focal isch
  • emia. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2003;16(4):346-355. 17. Aşkar İ., Bozkurt M., Oktay MF., Keles C. Salutary effect of ra
  • diopaque contrast media on the survival of random-pattern
  • skin flaps in the rat: an experimental study. Microsurgery.
  • ;24(1):81-84. 18. Kerrigan CL. Skin flap failure: pathophysiology. Plast Reconstr
  • Surg. 1983;72:766-77. 19. Russo CRA., Leite MT., Gomes HCG., Ferreira LM. Transcutaneous
  • electrical nerve stimulation in viability of a random skin flap in
  • nicotine treated rats. Ann Plast Surg. 2006; 57:670-72. 20. Hart K., Baur D., Hodam J., Lesoon-Wood L., Parham M., Keith K.,
  • et al. Short- and long-term effects of sildenafil on skin flap sur
  • vival in rats. Laryngoscope. 2006;116:522-8. 21. Nerem RM., Alexander RW., Chappell DC., Medford RM., Varner
  • SE., Taylor WR. The study of the influence of flow on vascular en
  • dothelial biology. Am J Med Sci. 1998;316:169-75. 22. Uygur F., Noyan N., Çeliköz B., Hahaoğlu A. Expression of the en
  • dothelial thrombomodulin (TM) on the ischemic rat flap model.
  • Ann Plast Surg 2009; 62: 693-8. 23. Hjortdal VE., Sinclair T., Kerrigan CL., Solymoss S. Venous isch
  • emia in skin flaps: microcirculatory intravascular thrombosis.
  • Plast Reconstr Surg. 1994; 93: 366-74. 24. Pazoki-Toroudi H., Ajami M., Habibey R., Hajiaboli E., Firooz A.
  • The effect of enalapril on skin flap viability is independent of
  • angiotensin II AT1 receptors. Ann Plast Surg. 2009;62:699-702. 25. Weinzweig N., Lukash F., Weinzweig J. Topical and systemic cal- cium channel blockers in the prevention and treatment of mi- crovascular spasm in a rat epigastric island skin flap model. Ann
  • Plast Surg. 1999;42:320-26. 26. Shalom A., Friedman T., Westreich M. The effect of postoperative
  • aspirin on random pattern flaps in rats. Am Surg. 2007;73:1126- 1128. 27. Karacaoğlan N., Akbaş H. Effect of parenteral pentoxifylline and
  • topical nitroglycerin on skin flap survival. Otolaryngol Head
  • Neck Surg. 1999;120:272-74. 28. Yang E., Kim SW. The effect of topical application of heparin with
  • microneedling on skin flap survival. 124, No.4 Supplement to
  • Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 29. Davis RE., Wachholz JH., Jassir D., Perlyn CA., Agrama MH. Com
  • parison of topical anti-ischemic agents in the salvage of fail
  • ing random-pattern skin flaps in rats. Arch Facial Plast Surg. 1999;1:27-32. 30. Emery FM., Kodey TR., Bomberger RA., McGregory DB. The effect
  • of nifedipine on skin-flap survival. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1990, 85: 61-3. 31. Iinuma T., Sawada Y. Topical application of capsaicin and flap
  • survival. Br J Plast Surg. 1996;49:319-20. 32. Nakanishi Y., Nakajima T., Yoshimura Y., Okamoto Y., Yamada T.
  • The transepidermal absorption of prostaglandin E1 as a topical
  • ointment: an experimental study of application over a rat skin
  • flap. Ann Plast Surg. 1998;40:44-7. 33. Akhavani MA., Sivakumar B., Paleolog EM., Kang N. Angiogenesis
  • and plastic surgery. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2008;61:1425- 37. 34. Yang D, Morris SF. Comparison of two different delay procedures
  • in a rat skin flap model. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1998;102:1591-7. 35. Shalom A., Friedman T., Westreich M. Effect of aspirin and
  • heparin on random skin flap survival in rats. Dermatol Surg.
  • ;34(6):785-90. 36. Keyes GR., Singer R., Iverson RE., McGuire M., Yates J., Gold A. et
  • al. Mortality in outpatient surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2008; 122: 245-50. 37. Lemaine V., McCarthy C., Kaplan K. Venous thromboembolism
  • following microsurgical breast reconstruction: an objective
  • analysis in 225 consecutive patients using low-molecular-weight
  • heparin prophylaxis. Plast Reconst Surg. 2011; 127: 1399-406. 38. Xu LY., Wang JY., Pan J., Sun LN, Xia Q., Luo BY. Effect of enox
  • aparin and aspirin on hemodynamic disturbances after global
  • cerebral ischemia in rats. Resuscitation. 2010;81:1709-13. 39. Ertaş NM., Çelebioğlu S. Siemionow M. The effects of enoxaparin
  • on inflammatory cells: an experimental study in the rat cremas
  • ter muscle flap. 40th Congress of the European Society for Surgi
  • cal Research, Konya, TURKEY, 25-28 May, 2005 40. Ingber A., Trattner A., Cohen IR., Mekori YA. Low doses of low
  • molecular weight heparin in vivo inhibits the elicitation of con
  • tact hypersensitivity. Acta Derm Venereol. 1994;74:454-6.
  • Hodak E., Yosipovitch G., David M., Ingber A., Chorev L., Lider
  • O. et al. Low-dose low-molecular-weight heparin (enoxaparin)
  • is beneficial in lichen planus: a preliminary report. J Am Acad
  • Dermatol. 1998;38:564-8. 42. Dotan I., Hallak A., Arber N., Santo M., Alexandrowitz A., Knaani
  • Y. et al. Low-dose low-molecular weight heparin (enoxaparin)
  • is effective as adjuvant treatment in active ulcerative colitis: an
  • open trial. Dig Dis Sci. 2001;46:2239-44.
Toplam 96 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Diğer ID JA59HF92ZB
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Nilgün Markal Ertaş Bu kişi benim

Hüseyin Borman Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ağustos 2012
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2012 Cilt: 20 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Ertaş, N. M., & Borman, H. (2012). ENOXAPARİN RANDOM PATERNLİ FLEP CANLILIĞINA KATKIDA BULUNMAZ: RAT SIRT DERİ FLEBİNDE DENEYSEL ÇALIŞMA. Türk Plastik Rekonstrüktif Ve Estetik Cerrahi Dergisi, 20(2), 14-18.
AMA Ertaş NM, Borman H. ENOXAPARİN RANDOM PATERNLİ FLEP CANLILIĞINA KATKIDA BULUNMAZ: RAT SIRT DERİ FLEBİNDE DENEYSEL ÇALIŞMA. turkplastsurg. Ağustos 2012;20(2):14-18.
Chicago Ertaş, Nilgün Markal, ve Hüseyin Borman. “ENOXAPARİN RANDOM PATERNLİ FLEP CANLILIĞINA KATKIDA BULUNMAZ: RAT SIRT DERİ FLEBİNDE DENEYSEL ÇALIŞMA”. Türk Plastik Rekonstrüktif Ve Estetik Cerrahi Dergisi 20, sy. 2 (Ağustos 2012): 14-18.
EndNote Ertaş NM, Borman H (01 Ağustos 2012) ENOXAPARİN RANDOM PATERNLİ FLEP CANLILIĞINA KATKIDA BULUNMAZ: RAT SIRT DERİ FLEBİNDE DENEYSEL ÇALIŞMA. Türk Plastik Rekonstrüktif Ve Estetik Cerrahi Dergisi 20 2 14–18.
IEEE N. M. Ertaş ve H. Borman, “ENOXAPARİN RANDOM PATERNLİ FLEP CANLILIĞINA KATKIDA BULUNMAZ: RAT SIRT DERİ FLEBİNDE DENEYSEL ÇALIŞMA”, turkplastsurg, c. 20, sy. 2, ss. 14–18, 2012.
ISNAD Ertaş, Nilgün Markal - Borman, Hüseyin. “ENOXAPARİN RANDOM PATERNLİ FLEP CANLILIĞINA KATKIDA BULUNMAZ: RAT SIRT DERİ FLEBİNDE DENEYSEL ÇALIŞMA”. Türk Plastik Rekonstrüktif Ve Estetik Cerrahi Dergisi 20/2 (Ağustos 2012), 14-18.
JAMA Ertaş NM, Borman H. ENOXAPARİN RANDOM PATERNLİ FLEP CANLILIĞINA KATKIDA BULUNMAZ: RAT SIRT DERİ FLEBİNDE DENEYSEL ÇALIŞMA. turkplastsurg. 2012;20:14–18.
MLA Ertaş, Nilgün Markal ve Hüseyin Borman. “ENOXAPARİN RANDOM PATERNLİ FLEP CANLILIĞINA KATKIDA BULUNMAZ: RAT SIRT DERİ FLEBİNDE DENEYSEL ÇALIŞMA”. Türk Plastik Rekonstrüktif Ve Estetik Cerrahi Dergisi, c. 20, sy. 2, 2012, ss. 14-18.
Vancouver Ertaş NM, Borman H. ENOXAPARİN RANDOM PATERNLİ FLEP CANLILIĞINA KATKIDA BULUNMAZ: RAT SIRT DERİ FLEBİNDE DENEYSEL ÇALIŞMA. turkplastsurg. 2012;20(2):14-8.