An approach to the management of procedural pain and anxiety in burn patients: Aromatherapy

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3, 22 - 32, 28.12.2024

Ayten Akkaya , Sema Koçaşlı

https://doi.org/10.51536/tusbad.1532556

Öz

Burn injuries, which are very common in the world, are acute traumas that affect the whole organism, require long-term and comprehensive treatment and hospitalization, and pose a great problem for individuals and societies due to the morbidity and mortality they cause. In addition to the pain caused by injury, procedural procedures applied for treatment also increase the severity of pain in burn patients. Despite the advances in medicine and technology, burn pain cannot be completely relieved and patients experience moderate to severe pain during procedural procedures. Procedures such as dressing change, surgical debridement, excision, escharotomy and wound care applied for treatment purposes increase the severity of pain. Patients' pain experiences and fear of experiencing pain during treatment and care interventions cause anxiety at different levels, and anxiety further increases pain perception by reducing pain tolerance. The inability to control pain and anxiety causes patients to experience many physiological and psychosocial problems. In the management of pain and anxiety in burn patients, non-pharmacological methods are used together with pharmacological methods. One of the non-pharmacological methods is aromatherapy. This review examines quasi-experimental or experimental studies that evaluate the effectiveness of aromatherapy applications, an approach to procedural pain and anxiety management in burn patients.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anxiety, Aromatherapy, Burn, Nursing, Pain

Yanıklı Hastalarda Prosedürel Ağrı ve Kaygı Yönetiminde Bir Yaklaşım: Aromaterapi

Öz

Dünyada oldukça sık görülen yanık yaralanmaları, tüm organizmayı etkileyen, uzun süreli ve kapsamlı tedavi ve hastanede yatış gerektiren, oluşturdukları morbidite ve mortalite nedeni ile kişiler ve toplumlar için ciddi sorun oluşturan akut travmalardır. Yanıklı hastalarda yaralanmadan kaynaklanan ağrının yanı sıra tedavi amacıyla uygulanan prosedürel işlemler de ağrının şiddetini artırmaktadır. Tıp ve teknoloji alanında yaşanan gelişmelere rağmen yanık ağrısı tam olarak giderilememekte ve hastalar prosedürel işlemler sırasında orta ila şiddetli derecelerde ağrı yaşamaktadırlar. Tedavi amacıyla uygulanan pansuman değişimi, cerrahi debridman, eksizyon, eskaratomi ve yara bakımı gibi işlemler ağrının şiddetini artırmaktadır. Hastaların tedavi ve bakım girişimleri sırasındaki ağrı deneyimleri ve ağrı yaşama korkusu, farklı düzeylerde kaygıya neden olmakta, kaygı ise ağrı toleransını düşürerek ağrı algısını daha da artırmaktadır. Ağrı ve kaygının kontrol edilememesi hastaların birçok fizyolojik ve psikososyal sorunlar yaşamasına neden olmaktadır. Yanıklı hastalarda ağrı ve kaygı yönetiminde farmakolojik yöntemlerle birlikte farmakolojik olmayan yöntemler de kullanılmaktadır. Farmakolojik olmayan yöntemlerden biri de aromaterapidir. Bu derlemede yanıklı hastalarda prosedürel ağrı ve kaygı yönetimindeki bir yaklaşım olan aromaterapi uygulamalarının etkinliğini değerlendiren yarı deneysel veya deneysel araştırmalar incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ağrı, Aromaterapi, Hemşirelik, Kaygı, Yanık

Kaynakça

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