Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Physical Fitness and Somatotype Characteristics of Young Male Boxing and Taekwondo Athletes: A Comparison Study

Yıl 2022, , 42 - 50, 29.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.32706/tusbid.1080462

Öz

Although there are many specific studies on the physical fitness and body composition of boxing and taekwondo athletes, no comparative study has yet been found so far. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether there is a difference between elite young male boxing and taekwondo athletes in terms of physical fitness and somatotype characteristics.
Nineteen boxing (mean age: 17.6 years) and twenty-one taekwondo (mean age: 17.4 years) elite athletes voluntarily participated in this study. Athletes performed a series of test batteries that included T-run, shuttle-run, running anaerobic sprint and countermovement jump, the visual and auditory reaction. In addition, several anthropometric and body composition measurements were conducted to determine somatotype characteristics.
A significant difference (p<0.05) was detected between the groups only for explosive power (9.8%) and visual reaction time (9.1%), in which boxers were better than taekwondo athletes. There were no significant differences in terms of physical fitness between the two groups, in which anaerobic power (9%) and 20 m sprint performances (3.3%) were higher in taekwondo athletes, while auditory reaction time (9.5%), change of direction ability (1.8%), and VO2max (5.4%) performances were higher in boxers. There was no significant difference in terms of somatotype profiles between boxing and taekwondo athletes. However, the mesomorph component was higher than those of endomorph and ectomorph components in both groups (<0.05).
This study revealed that boxing and taekwondo athletes had similar physical fitness characteristics and somatotype profiles, except for vertical jump high and visual reaction.

Kaynakça

  • Basu, S., Roy, A. S., & Bandyopadhyay, A. (2016). Fitness Profile in Male Boxers of Kolkata, India. Sports Medicine Journal/Medicina Sportivâ, 12(2).
  • Bridge, C. A.,Ferreira da SilvaSantos, J., Chaabene, H., Pieter, W., &Franchini, E. (2014). Physical and physiological profiles of taekwondo athletes. Sports Medicine, 44(6), 713-733.
  • Chaabene, H.,Negra, Y., Bouguezzi, R., Capranica, L., Franchini, E., Prieske, O., ... &Granacher, U. (2018). Tests forth assessment of sport-specific performance in Olympic combats ports: a systematic review with practical recommendations. Frontiers in physiology, 9, 386.
  • Christos, A.,&Georgios, Z. (2019). A brief revıew: neuromuscular functions of combat sports during different types of jumps. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 5(5), 56-62.
  • Çatıkkaş, F., Kurt, C., & Atalag, O. (2013). Kinanthropometric attributes of young male combat sports athletes. Collegium antropologicum, 37(4), 1365-1368.
  • Del Vecchio, F. B., Hirata, S. M., & Franchini, E. (2011). A review of time-motion analysis and combat development in mixed martial arts matches at regional level tournaments. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 112(2), 639-648.
  • Filimonov, V. I., Koptsev, K. N., Husyanov, Z. M., & Nazarov, S. S. (1985). Boxing: Means of increasing strength of the punch. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 7(6), 65-66.
  • Franchini, E., Cormack, S., & Takito, M. Y. (2019). Effects of high-intensity interval training on Olympic combat sports athletes' performance and physiological adaptation: A systematic review. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 33(1), 242-252.
  • Heath, B. H. & Carter, J. E. A modified somatotype method. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 27, 57–74 (1967).
  • Johnson, D. L., & Bahamonde, R. (1996). Power output estimate in university athletes. Journal of strength and Conditioning Research, 10, 161-166.
  • Leger, L. A., Mercier, D., Gadoury, C., & Lambert, J. (1988). The multistage 20-m shuttle run test for aerobic fitness. Journal of sports sciences, 6(2), 93-101.
  • Leon, H., Viramontes, J., & Veitía, W. (2009). Anthropological estimation of the body shape of Cuban elite combat athletes from Olympic sports. Antropol, 19(3), 23-32.
  • Loturco, I., Pereira, L. A., Abad, C. C. C., D'Angelo, R. A., Fernandes, V., Kitamura, K.,& Nakamura, F. Y. (2015). Vertical and horizontal jump tests are strongly associated with competitive performance in 100-m dash events. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 29(7), 1966-1971.
  • Mathunjwa, M. L. (2019). Physical tests, hormonal and oxidative-stress related biomarkers in intermittent training of Taekwondo athletes (Doctoral dissertation, University of Zululand).
  • Matsushigue, K. A., Hartmann, K., & Franchini, E. (2009). Taekwondo: Physiological responses and match analysis. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 23(4), 1112-1117.
  • McWilliam, R. A. (2017). Anaerobic power and capacity in amateur boxers (Doctoral dissertation), School of Physical Education, Lakehead University.
  • Menz, V., Marterer, N., Amin, S. B., Faulhaber, M., Hansen, A. B., &Lawley, J. S. (2019). Functional vs. Running low-volume high-intensity interval training: Effects on vo2max and muscular endurance. Journal of sports science & medicine, 18(3), 497.
  • Miller, J. F., Bujak, Z., & Miller, M. (2011). Sports result vs. general physical fitness level of junior taekwondo athletes. J Combat Sports Martial Arts, 1(2), 39-44.
  • Nikolaidis, P. T., Buśko, K., Clemente, F. M., Tasiopoulos, I., & Knechtle, B. (2016). Age-and sex-related differences in the anthropometry and neuro-muscular fitness of competitive taekwondo athletes. Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine, 7, 177.
  • Noh, J. W.,Yang, S. M., Kim, J. H., Lee, J. U., Kim, M. Y., Lee, L. K., ... & Kim, S. J. (2018). Somatotype analysis of Korean combat sport athletes based on weight divisions. Archives of Budo, 14, 169-178.
  • Pallares, J. G., Martínez-Abellan, A., Lopez-Gullon, J. M., Moran-Navarro, R., la Cruz-Sánchez, D., & Mora-Rodríguez, R. (2016). Muscle contraction velocity, strength and power output changes following different degrees of hypohydration in competitive Olympic combat sports. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 13(1), 1-9.
  • Paul, D. J., Gabbett, T. J., & Nassis, G. P. (2016). Agility in team sports: Testing, training and factors affecting performance. Sports Medicine, 46(3), 421-442.
  • Pieter, W. (2008). Body build of elite taekwondo athletes. Acta Kinesiologiae Universitatis Tartuensis, 13, 99-106.
  • Rosalie, S. M., ve Müller, S. (2013). A Model for the Transfer of Perceptual-Motor Skill Learning. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 37-41.
  • Ryan-Stewart, H., Faulkner, J., &Jobson, S. (2018). The influence of somatotype on anaerobic performance. PloS one, 13(5), e0197761.
  • Sarışık, D., (2014). Türk Genç Erkek Boks Milli Takımı Sporcuları İle Ankara İlinde Genç Erkek Amatör Düzeyde Boks Yapan Sporcuların, Fiziksel, Antropometrik, Bazı Motorik ve Somatotip Özelliklerinin Karşılaştırılması. Yayınlanmış Yüksek Lisans Tezi Dumlupınar Üniversitesi sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Ana Bilim Dalı, Kütahya.
  • Savaş, S., & Uğraş, A. (2004). Sekiz haftalık sezon öncesi antrenman programının üniversiteli erkek boks, taekwondo ve karate sporcularının fiziksel ve fizyolojik özellikleri üzerine olan etkileri. Gazi Üniversitesi Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(3).
  • Semenick, D. (1984). Anaerobic testing: practical applications. National Strength and Conditioning Association Journal. 6(5):44–73.
  • Slimani, M., Chaabene, H., Davis, P., Franchini, E., Cheour, F., & Chamari, K. (2017). Performance aspects and physiological responses in male amateur boxing competitions: A brief review. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(4), 1132-1141.-317.
  • Smith, M. S., & Draper, S. (2006). Amateur boxing. Sport and Exercise Physiology Testing Guidelines: Volume I–Sport Testing: The British Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences Guide, 155.
  • Stanley, E, R. (2020). Maximal punching performance in amateur boxing: An examination of biomechanical and physical performance-related characteristics (Doctoraldissertation). University of Chester, UK.
  • Tabben, M., Chaouachi, A., Mahfoudhi, M., Aloui, A., Habacha, H., Tourny, C., & Franchini, E. (2014). Physical and physiological characteristics of high-level combat sport athletes. Journal of combat sports and martial arts, 5(1), 1-5.
  • Tayech, A., Mejri, M. A., Chaouachi, M., Chaabene, H., Hambli, M., Brughelli, M., & Chaouachi, A. (2020). Taekwondo Anaerobic Intermittent Kick Test: discriminant validity and an update with the Gold-Standard Wingate test. Journal of Human Kinetics, 71(1), 229-242.
  • Var, S. (2019). Tekvando Sporcuları ve Boksörlerinin İki Taraflı ve Tek Taraflı İzokinetik Bacak Güçlerinin İncelenmesi. Eğitim ve Öğrenme Dergisi, 8 (1), 272-277.
  • Zagatto, A. M., Beck, W. R., & Gobatto, C. A. (2009). Validity of the running anaerobic sprint test for assessing anaerobic power and predicting short-distance performances. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 23(6), 1820-1827.

Elit Genç Erkek Boks ve Tekvando Sporcularının Fiziksel Uygunluk ve Somatotip Özellikleri: Kıyaslama Çalışması

Yıl 2022, , 42 - 50, 29.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.32706/tusbid.1080462

Öz

Boks ve tekvando sporcularının fiziksel uygunluk ve vücut kompozisyonu ile ilgili birçok spesifik çalışma olmasına rağmen, şimdiye kadar karşılaştırmalı bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Bu nedenle bu çalışma, fiziksel uygunluk ve somatotip özellikleri açısından elit genç erkek boks ve tekvando sporcuları arasında fark olup olmadığını belirlemeyi amaçlamıştır.
Bu çalışmaya 19 boks (ortalama yaş: 17.6 yıl) ve 21 tekvando (ortalama yaş: 17.4 yıl) elit sporcu gönüllü olarak katıldı. Sporcular, T-run, mekik-koşu, anaerobik sprint koşu ve karşı hareket dikey sıçrama, görsel ve işitsel reaksiyonu içeren bir dizi test protokolü gerçekleştirdiler. İlave olarak, somatotip özelliklerini belirlemek için çeşitli antropometrik ve vücut kompozisyonu ölçümleri yapıldı.
Boksörler tekvandocular arasında sadece patlayıcı güç (%9.8) ve görsel reaksiyon süresi (%9.1) açısından anlamlı bir fark (p<0.05) tespit edildi. Tekvando sporcuları anaerobik güç (%9), 20-m sprint (%3,3) boks sporcuları ise işitsel reaksiyon süresi (%9,5), yön değiştirme yeteneği (%1,8) ve maks. VO2 bakımından (%5.4) daha yüksek fiziksel performans özelliklerine sahip olmasına rağmen bu değerler istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi. Boks ve tekvando sporcuları arasında somatotip profilleri açısından anlamlı fark bulunmadı. Ancak mezomorf bileşen, her iki grupta da endomorf ve ektomorf bileşenlerinden daha yüksekti (<0.05).
Bu çalışma, boks ve tekvando sporcularının dikey sıçrama ve görsel reaksiyon dışında, benzer fiziksel uygunluk ve somatotip profillerine sahip olduklarını ortaya koymuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Basu, S., Roy, A. S., & Bandyopadhyay, A. (2016). Fitness Profile in Male Boxers of Kolkata, India. Sports Medicine Journal/Medicina Sportivâ, 12(2).
  • Bridge, C. A.,Ferreira da SilvaSantos, J., Chaabene, H., Pieter, W., &Franchini, E. (2014). Physical and physiological profiles of taekwondo athletes. Sports Medicine, 44(6), 713-733.
  • Chaabene, H.,Negra, Y., Bouguezzi, R., Capranica, L., Franchini, E., Prieske, O., ... &Granacher, U. (2018). Tests forth assessment of sport-specific performance in Olympic combats ports: a systematic review with practical recommendations. Frontiers in physiology, 9, 386.
  • Christos, A.,&Georgios, Z. (2019). A brief revıew: neuromuscular functions of combat sports during different types of jumps. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 5(5), 56-62.
  • Çatıkkaş, F., Kurt, C., & Atalag, O. (2013). Kinanthropometric attributes of young male combat sports athletes. Collegium antropologicum, 37(4), 1365-1368.
  • Del Vecchio, F. B., Hirata, S. M., & Franchini, E. (2011). A review of time-motion analysis and combat development in mixed martial arts matches at regional level tournaments. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 112(2), 639-648.
  • Filimonov, V. I., Koptsev, K. N., Husyanov, Z. M., & Nazarov, S. S. (1985). Boxing: Means of increasing strength of the punch. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 7(6), 65-66.
  • Franchini, E., Cormack, S., & Takito, M. Y. (2019). Effects of high-intensity interval training on Olympic combat sports athletes' performance and physiological adaptation: A systematic review. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 33(1), 242-252.
  • Heath, B. H. & Carter, J. E. A modified somatotype method. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 27, 57–74 (1967).
  • Johnson, D. L., & Bahamonde, R. (1996). Power output estimate in university athletes. Journal of strength and Conditioning Research, 10, 161-166.
  • Leger, L. A., Mercier, D., Gadoury, C., & Lambert, J. (1988). The multistage 20-m shuttle run test for aerobic fitness. Journal of sports sciences, 6(2), 93-101.
  • Leon, H., Viramontes, J., & Veitía, W. (2009). Anthropological estimation of the body shape of Cuban elite combat athletes from Olympic sports. Antropol, 19(3), 23-32.
  • Loturco, I., Pereira, L. A., Abad, C. C. C., D'Angelo, R. A., Fernandes, V., Kitamura, K.,& Nakamura, F. Y. (2015). Vertical and horizontal jump tests are strongly associated with competitive performance in 100-m dash events. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 29(7), 1966-1971.
  • Mathunjwa, M. L. (2019). Physical tests, hormonal and oxidative-stress related biomarkers in intermittent training of Taekwondo athletes (Doctoral dissertation, University of Zululand).
  • Matsushigue, K. A., Hartmann, K., & Franchini, E. (2009). Taekwondo: Physiological responses and match analysis. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 23(4), 1112-1117.
  • McWilliam, R. A. (2017). Anaerobic power and capacity in amateur boxers (Doctoral dissertation), School of Physical Education, Lakehead University.
  • Menz, V., Marterer, N., Amin, S. B., Faulhaber, M., Hansen, A. B., &Lawley, J. S. (2019). Functional vs. Running low-volume high-intensity interval training: Effects on vo2max and muscular endurance. Journal of sports science & medicine, 18(3), 497.
  • Miller, J. F., Bujak, Z., & Miller, M. (2011). Sports result vs. general physical fitness level of junior taekwondo athletes. J Combat Sports Martial Arts, 1(2), 39-44.
  • Nikolaidis, P. T., Buśko, K., Clemente, F. M., Tasiopoulos, I., & Knechtle, B. (2016). Age-and sex-related differences in the anthropometry and neuro-muscular fitness of competitive taekwondo athletes. Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine, 7, 177.
  • Noh, J. W.,Yang, S. M., Kim, J. H., Lee, J. U., Kim, M. Y., Lee, L. K., ... & Kim, S. J. (2018). Somatotype analysis of Korean combat sport athletes based on weight divisions. Archives of Budo, 14, 169-178.
  • Pallares, J. G., Martínez-Abellan, A., Lopez-Gullon, J. M., Moran-Navarro, R., la Cruz-Sánchez, D., & Mora-Rodríguez, R. (2016). Muscle contraction velocity, strength and power output changes following different degrees of hypohydration in competitive Olympic combat sports. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 13(1), 1-9.
  • Paul, D. J., Gabbett, T. J., & Nassis, G. P. (2016). Agility in team sports: Testing, training and factors affecting performance. Sports Medicine, 46(3), 421-442.
  • Pieter, W. (2008). Body build of elite taekwondo athletes. Acta Kinesiologiae Universitatis Tartuensis, 13, 99-106.
  • Rosalie, S. M., ve Müller, S. (2013). A Model for the Transfer of Perceptual-Motor Skill Learning. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 37-41.
  • Ryan-Stewart, H., Faulkner, J., &Jobson, S. (2018). The influence of somatotype on anaerobic performance. PloS one, 13(5), e0197761.
  • Sarışık, D., (2014). Türk Genç Erkek Boks Milli Takımı Sporcuları İle Ankara İlinde Genç Erkek Amatör Düzeyde Boks Yapan Sporcuların, Fiziksel, Antropometrik, Bazı Motorik ve Somatotip Özelliklerinin Karşılaştırılması. Yayınlanmış Yüksek Lisans Tezi Dumlupınar Üniversitesi sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Ana Bilim Dalı, Kütahya.
  • Savaş, S., & Uğraş, A. (2004). Sekiz haftalık sezon öncesi antrenman programının üniversiteli erkek boks, taekwondo ve karate sporcularının fiziksel ve fizyolojik özellikleri üzerine olan etkileri. Gazi Üniversitesi Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(3).
  • Semenick, D. (1984). Anaerobic testing: practical applications. National Strength and Conditioning Association Journal. 6(5):44–73.
  • Slimani, M., Chaabene, H., Davis, P., Franchini, E., Cheour, F., & Chamari, K. (2017). Performance aspects and physiological responses in male amateur boxing competitions: A brief review. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(4), 1132-1141.-317.
  • Smith, M. S., & Draper, S. (2006). Amateur boxing. Sport and Exercise Physiology Testing Guidelines: Volume I–Sport Testing: The British Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences Guide, 155.
  • Stanley, E, R. (2020). Maximal punching performance in amateur boxing: An examination of biomechanical and physical performance-related characteristics (Doctoraldissertation). University of Chester, UK.
  • Tabben, M., Chaouachi, A., Mahfoudhi, M., Aloui, A., Habacha, H., Tourny, C., & Franchini, E. (2014). Physical and physiological characteristics of high-level combat sport athletes. Journal of combat sports and martial arts, 5(1), 1-5.
  • Tayech, A., Mejri, M. A., Chaouachi, M., Chaabene, H., Hambli, M., Brughelli, M., & Chaouachi, A. (2020). Taekwondo Anaerobic Intermittent Kick Test: discriminant validity and an update with the Gold-Standard Wingate test. Journal of Human Kinetics, 71(1), 229-242.
  • Var, S. (2019). Tekvando Sporcuları ve Boksörlerinin İki Taraflı ve Tek Taraflı İzokinetik Bacak Güçlerinin İncelenmesi. Eğitim ve Öğrenme Dergisi, 8 (1), 272-277.
  • Zagatto, A. M., Beck, W. R., & Gobatto, C. A. (2009). Validity of the running anaerobic sprint test for assessing anaerobic power and predicting short-distance performances. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 23(6), 1820-1827.
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Spor Hekimliği
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Mustafa Karahan 0000-0002-1907-6908

Volkan Kaya 0000-0001-6618-4373

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Haziran 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 3 Mart 2022
Kabul Tarihi 13 Haziran 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022

Kaynak Göster

APA Karahan, M., & Kaya, V. (2022). Elit Genç Erkek Boks ve Tekvando Sporcularının Fiziksel Uygunluk ve Somatotip Özellikleri: Kıyaslama Çalışması. Türkiye Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(1), 42-50. https://doi.org/10.32706/tusbid.1080462
AMA Karahan M, Kaya V. Elit Genç Erkek Boks ve Tekvando Sporcularının Fiziksel Uygunluk ve Somatotip Özellikleri: Kıyaslama Çalışması. Türkiye Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. Haziran 2022;6(1):42-50. doi:10.32706/tusbid.1080462
Chicago Karahan, Mustafa, ve Volkan Kaya. “Elit Genç Erkek Boks Ve Tekvando Sporcularının Fiziksel Uygunluk Ve Somatotip Özellikleri: Kıyaslama Çalışması”. Türkiye Spor Bilimleri Dergisi 6, sy. 1 (Haziran 2022): 42-50. https://doi.org/10.32706/tusbid.1080462.
EndNote Karahan M, Kaya V (01 Haziran 2022) Elit Genç Erkek Boks ve Tekvando Sporcularının Fiziksel Uygunluk ve Somatotip Özellikleri: Kıyaslama Çalışması. Türkiye Spor Bilimleri Dergisi 6 1 42–50.
IEEE M. Karahan ve V. Kaya, “Elit Genç Erkek Boks ve Tekvando Sporcularının Fiziksel Uygunluk ve Somatotip Özellikleri: Kıyaslama Çalışması”, Türkiye Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 6, sy. 1, ss. 42–50, 2022, doi: 10.32706/tusbid.1080462.
ISNAD Karahan, Mustafa - Kaya, Volkan. “Elit Genç Erkek Boks Ve Tekvando Sporcularının Fiziksel Uygunluk Ve Somatotip Özellikleri: Kıyaslama Çalışması”. Türkiye Spor Bilimleri Dergisi 6/1 (Haziran 2022), 42-50. https://doi.org/10.32706/tusbid.1080462.
JAMA Karahan M, Kaya V. Elit Genç Erkek Boks ve Tekvando Sporcularının Fiziksel Uygunluk ve Somatotip Özellikleri: Kıyaslama Çalışması. Türkiye Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2022;6:42–50.
MLA Karahan, Mustafa ve Volkan Kaya. “Elit Genç Erkek Boks Ve Tekvando Sporcularının Fiziksel Uygunluk Ve Somatotip Özellikleri: Kıyaslama Çalışması”. Türkiye Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 6, sy. 1, 2022, ss. 42-50, doi:10.32706/tusbid.1080462.
Vancouver Karahan M, Kaya V. Elit Genç Erkek Boks ve Tekvando Sporcularının Fiziksel Uygunluk ve Somatotip Özellikleri: Kıyaslama Çalışması. Türkiye Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2022;6(1):42-50.


Flag Counter