Determination of Nitrate, Potassium, and Calcium using Ion-Selective Sensors in Soilless Plant Growth Media of Some Vegetables

Öz

Since it is important to transfer the minerals desired by plants for a long time in a controlled manner, simple and economical new micro and macro scale agricultural production systems are needed. In this study, the nutrients in the plant nutrient solution were kept at the required level according to the needs of the plant, using computer controlled potentiometric micro-sized chemical sensor systems. Polyvinylchloride (PVC) -based ion-selective sensors have been used to sensitively and selectively measure the concentration of macro nutrient NO3 −, K+ , and Ca2+ ions in the hydroponic solution. It has been found that the nitrate, potassium and calcium ion levels required for the green pepper and eggplants grown in the greenhouse are different. The results showed that in the first two months of growth, the pepper consumed nitrate in a lesser amount than the eggplant. In addition, it was determined that the amount of potassium consumed by plants was higher than that of other nutrients.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Soilless culture
• nutrient elements
• chemical biosensor
• hydrophonic system

İyon-Seçici Sensörler Kullanılarak Bazı Sebzelerin Topraksız Bitki Yetiştirme Ortamlarındaki Nitrat, Potasyum ve Kalsiyum Tayini

Öz

Bitkilerin arzuladığı minerallerin uzun süre kontrollü bir şekilde bitkiye aktarılması önem arz ettiğinden, basit ve ekonomik yeni mikro ve makro ölçekli tarım üretim sistemlerine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, beslenme sürecinde bitki besin solüsyonu içindeki besin elementlerinin bitkinin ihtiyacına göre istenen düzeyde tutulması, bilgisayar kontrollü potansiyometrik mikro büyüklükte kimyasal sensör sistemler kullanılarak takip edilmiştir. Hidrofonik çözeltideki makro besin elementlerinden NO₃⁻, K⁺ ve Ca²⁺ iyonlarının derişimini hassas ve seçici olarak ölçmek için polivinilklorür (PVC) temelli iyon-seçici sensörler kullanılmıştır. Serada yetiştirilen yeşilbiber ve patlıcan fidelerinin ihtiyacı olan nitrat, potasyum ve kalsiyum iyon seviyelerinin farklı olduğu görülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlar, büyümenin ilk iki ayında, biber bitkisinin patlıcandan daha az miktarda nitrat tükettiğini göstermiştir. Ayrıca, bitkilerin tükettiği potasyum miktarının tayin edilen diğer besin elementlerinden daha fazla olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Topraksız tarım
• besin elementleri
• kimyasal sensör
• hidrofonik sistem

Kaynakça

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