Resistance to Turnip Mosaic Virus (TuMV) in Brassica Species

Öz

Brassicaceae family includes economically important plants such as vegetables, oil plants, and ornamental plants. Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) is a virus threatening many economically important brassica crops. Especially, it has a very large host range among Brassica group plants and it can cause infection in 318 plant species from 156 genera. In the comprehensive studies conducted, dominant and recessive genes were identified in B. rapa (retr01, ConTR01, BcTuR3, rnt1, TuRBCH01, retr02, trs, TuMV-R, TuRB01b, TuRB07, TuRBCS01), in B. napus (TuRB01, TuRB02, TuRB03, TuRB04, TuRB05) and B. juncea (TuRBJU01, retr03). Studies conducted have shown that the genetic mechanism of resistance to TuMV is related to the host and pathogen strain. It is important to use the revealed resistance genes in breeding studies for Brassica species to prevent the disease. Identification and mapping of TuMV resistant genes in cabbage (B. oleracea), which is one of the important winter vegetables in the world and especially in Turkey, is required to prevent losses due to TuMV infection in cabbage. Therefore, studies on the resistance mechanism of TuMV in cabbages are needed. With the developments in genetics and molecular biology, it will be important to investigate the relationships between Brassica and TuMV at the molecular level, to understand the mechanism of resistance and to reveal new sources of resistance. This review has been prepared with the aim of bringing information about the genes and resistance mechanisms in Brassica species that have resistance to TuMV.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Brassica
• resistance genes
• the mechanism of resistance
• virus
• Turnip mosaic virus

Brassica Türlerinde Şalgam Mozaik Virüsü (TuMV)’ne Dayanıklılık

Öz

Brassicaceae familyası sebzeler, yağ bitkileri ve süs bitkileri gibi ekonomik öneme sahip bitkileri içermektedir. Şalgam mozaik virüsü (TuMV), ekonomik açıdan önemli birçok Brassica türünü tehdit eden bir virüstür. Özellikle Brassica grubu bitkileri arasında oldukça geniş bir konukçu dizisine sahip olup 156 cinse bağlı 318 bitki türünde enfeksiyon oluşturabilmektedir. Yürütülen kapsamlı çalışmalarla, Brassica rapa (retr01, ConTR01, BcTuR3, rnt1, TuRBCH01, retr02, trs, TuMV-R, TuRB01b, TuRB07, TuRBCS01), B. napus (TuRB01, TuRB02, TuRB03, TuRB04, TuRB05) ve B. juncea (TuRBJU01, retr03)’da dominant ve resesif genler tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalar, TuMV’ye dayanıklığın genetik mekanizması konukçuya ve patojen ırkına bağlı olduğunu göstermektedir. Ortaya çıkarılan dayanıklılık genlerinin Brassica türlerinde ıslah çalışmalarında kullanılması hastalıkla mücadele açısından oldukça önemlidir. Özellikle dünyada ve Türkiye’de önemli kışlık sebzelerden biri olan lahana (B. oleracea)’da TuMV’ye dayanıklı genlerin tanımlanarak haritalanması TuMV enfeksiyonuna bağlı kayıpların önlenmesi bakımından gereklidir. Bu nedenle lahanalarda TuMV’ye dayanıklılık mekanizmasıyla ilgili çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Genetik ve moleküler biyolojide sağlanan gelişmelerle Brassica ve TuMV arasındaki ilişkinin moleküler düzeyde araştırılması, dayanıklık mekanizmasının anlaşılması ve yeni dayanıklılık kaynaklarının ortaya konması açışıdan önemli olacaktır. Bu derleme TuMV’ye karşı Brassica türlerinde dayanıklılık sağlayan genler ve dayanıklılık mekanizmaları hakkında bilgilerin oraya çıkarılması amacıyla hazırlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Brassica
• dayanıklılık genleri
• dayanıklılık mekanizması
• virüs
• Şalgam mozaik virüsü

Kaynakça

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