Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Effect of Sumac, Yeast, and Onion on Broiler Chicken Performance

Yıl 2022, , 1 - 7, 28.02.2022
https://doi.org/10.19159/tutad.956417

Öz

This study was conducted to determine the effects of sumac, yeast, and onion supplementation to broiler chicken feeds on performance. Four hundred and fifty, one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks were obtained from Yagoo Group Hatchery in Sulaymaniyah Province and were randomly distributed into three treatment groups (150 chicks for each group) with six replicates (each 25 chicks). Chicks were raised on floor cages (210 × 200 × 100 cm). T1 (Feed with 0 mg kg-1 sumac, yeast, and onion), T2 (Feed with 10, 2 and 20 mg kg-1 sumac, yeast, and onion for every day) and T3 (Feed with 10, 2 and 20 mg kg-1 sumac, yeast, and onion for 2 days added and 2 days free in the rearing period) experiment groups were constituted. In the study, the effects of the treatments on the performance parameters were found to be statistically significant. In body weight, the highest group in terms of total body weght gain and total feed intake was T3, and it was significantly higher than T2 and control groups (p<0.001). Again, T2 was found to be significantly higher in terms of these parameters compared to the control group (p<0.001). In total, the feed conversion rate (FCR) was found to be statistically significant. While T3 had a similar FCR (1.50) to the control group, it was significantly lower (p<0.001) compared to T2 (1.68). In general, the treatments were found to have a positive effect on performance parameters.

Kaynakça

  • Abdelrahman, M.M., 2013. Effects of feeding dry fat and yeast culture on broiler chicken performance. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 37(1): 31-37.
  • Aditya, S., Ahammed, M., Jang, S.H., Ohh, S.J., 2017. Effects of dietary onion (Allium cepa) extract supplementation on performance, apparent total tract retention of nutrients, blood profile and meat quality of broiler chicks. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 30(2): 229-235.
  • Ahiwe, E.U., Abdallh, M.E., Chang'a, E., Omede, A.A., Al-Qahtani, M., Gausi, H., Graham, H., Iji, P., 2020. Infuence of dietary supplementation of autolyzed whole yeast and yeast cell wall products on broiler chickens. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 33(4): 579-587.
  • Aji, S.B., Ignatius, K., Ado, A.Y., Nuhu, J.B., Abdulkarim, A., Aliyu, U., Gambo, M.B., Ibrahim, M.A., Abubakar, H., Bukar, M.M., Imam, H.M., Numan, P.T., 2011. Effect of feeding onion (Allium cepa) and garlic (Allium sativum) on some performance characteristics of broiler chickens. Research Journal of Poultry Sciences, 4(2): 22-27.
  • Alishah, A.S., Daneshyar, M., Aghazadeh, A., 2012. The effect of dietary sumac fruit powder (Rhus coriaria L.) on performance and blood antioxidant status of broiler chickens under continuous heat stress condition. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 11(4): 392-396.
  • Anonymous, 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th Revised Ed., National Acedemy Press, Washington.
  • Anonymous, 2011. SAS/STAT User’s Guide: Version 9. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.
  • Cross, D.E., Mcdevitt, R.M., Hillman, K., Acamovic, T., 2007. The effect of herbs and their associated essential oils on performance, dietary digestibility and gut microflora in chickens from 7 to 28 days of age. British Poultry Science, 48(4): 496-506.
  • Duncan, D.B., 1955. Multiple Range and Multiple F-Tests. Biometrics, 11(1): 1-42.
  • Ebesunun, M.O., Popoola, O.O., Agbedana, E.O., Olisekodiaka, J.M., Onuegbu, J.A., Onyeagala, A.A., 2007. The effect of garlic on plasma lipids and lipopro-teins in rats fed on high cholesterol enriched diet. Biokemistri, 19(2): 53-58.
  • Engberg, R.M., Hedemann, M.S., Leser, T.D., Jensen, B.B., 2000. Effect of zinc bacitracin and salinomycin on intestinal microflora and performance of broilers. Poultry Science, 79(9): 1311-1319.
  • Farahani, M., Goodarzi, M., Nanekarani, S., 2015. The effects of aqueous extract of onion on performance and some blood biochemical parameters of the Cobb and Ross broilers. International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research, 3(4): 370-377.
  • Gao, J., Zhang, H.J., Yu, S.H., Wu, S.G., Yoon, I., Quigley, J., Gao, Y.P., Qi, G.H., 2008. Effects of yeast culture in broiler diets on performance and immunomodulatory functions. Poultry Science, 87(7): 1377-1384.
  • Ghasemi, R., Faghani, M., Poor Reza, J., Khonmirzaiee, N., Rahimian Y., 2014. Using Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) extract affect performance and intestinal characteristics of broiler chicks. Scholarly Journal of Agricultural Science, 4(8): 442-445.
  • Gibson, G.R., Roberfroid, M., 2008. Handbook of Prebiotics. 1st Edition, CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, USA.
  • Glade, M.J., Sist, M.O., 1988. Dietary yeast culture supplementation enhances urea recycling in equine large intestine. Nutrition Reports International, 37: 11-17.
  • Gonzalez, M.E., Anthon, G.E., Barrett, M.D., 2010. Onion cells after high pressure and thermal processing: comparison of membrane integrity changes using different analytical methods and impact on tissue texture. Journal of Food Science, 75(7): E426-32.
  • Goodarzi, M., Landy, M., Nanekarani, S., 2013. Effect of onion (Allium cepa L.) as an antibiotic growth promoter substitution on performance, immune responses and serum biochemical parameters in broiler chicks. Health, 05(08): 1210-1215.
  • Goodarzi, M., Nanekarani, S., 2014. Effect of onion extract in drink water on performance and carcass traits in broiler chickens. IERI Procedia, 8: 107-112.
  • Gulmez, M., Oral, N., Vatanever, L., 2006. The effect of water extract of sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) and lactic acid on decontamination and shelf life of raw broiler wing. Poultry Science, 85(8): 1466-71.
  • Hassanein, S.M., Soliman, N.K., 2010. Effect of probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) adding to diets on intestinal microflora and performance of Hy-Line layer hens. Journal of American Science, 6(11): 159-169.
  • Hooge, D.M., Sims, M.D., Sefton, A.E., Connolly, A., Spring, P.S., 2003. Effect of dietary mannan oligosaccharide, with or without bacitracin or virginiamycin, on live performance of broiler chickens at relatively high stocking density on new litter. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 12(4): 461-467.
  • Hosseini, S.C., 2011. The effect of utilization of different levels of Saccharomysec cerevisiae on broiler chicken’s performance. Global Veterinaria, 6(3): 233-236.
  • Karademir, G., Karademir, B., 2003. Biotechnologic products using as feed supplement. Lalahan Hayvancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 43(1): 61-74. (In Turkish).
  • Kheiri, F., Rahimian, Y., Nasr, J., 2015. Application of sumac and dried whey in female broiler feed. Archiv fuer Tierzucht, 58(58): 205-210.
  • Landy, N., Ghalamkari, G.H., Toghyani, M., Moattar, F., 2011. The effects of Echinacea purpurea L. (purple coneflower) as an antibiotic growth promoter substitution on performance, carcass characteristics and humoral immune response in broiler chickens. Journal of Medicinal Plant Research, 5(11): 2332-2338.
  • Lee, K.W., Everts, H., Kappert, H.J., Yeom, K.H., Beynen. A.C., 2003. Dietary carvacrol lowers body weight gain but improves feed conversion in female broiler chickens. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 12(4): 394-399.
  • Mansoub, H.N., 2012. Effect of different levels of Sumac Powder (Rhus coriaria L.) on performance, carcass and blood parameters of broiler chickens. Annals of Biological Research, 2(5): 647-652.
  • Martin, S.A., Nisbet, B.J., Dean, R.G., 1989. Influence of a commercial yeast supplement on the in vitro ruminal fermentation. Nutrition Reports International, 40(2): 395-403.
  • Melvin, J.M., Jayochitra, J., Vijayapriaya, M., 2009. Antimicrobial activity of some common spices against certain human pathogens. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 3(11): 1134-1136.
  • Mohammadi, A., Pourreza, J., Jalali, S.M.A., Mirzaei, N.K., 2011. Effect of sumac powder (Rhus coriaria L.) and probiotic on performance of broiler chickens. Advances in Environmental Biology, 5(8): 2409-2412.
  • Nasir, Z., Grashorn, M.A., 2006. Use of black cumin (Nigella sativa) as alternative to antibiotics in poultry diets. 9th Tagung Schweine-und Geflügelernährung, 28-30 November, Halle (Saale), Germany, pp. 210-213.
  • Omar, A.E., Al-Khalaifah, H.S., Mohamed, W.A.M., Gharib, H.S.A., Osman, A., Al-Gabri, N.A., Amer, S.A., 2020. Effects of phenolic-rich onion (Allium cepa L.) extract on the growth performance, behavior, intestinal histology, amino acid digestibility, antioxidant activity, and the immune status of broiler chickens. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 7: 582612.
  • Özcan, M., Haciseferogullari, H., 2004. A condiment [sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) fruits]: some physico-chemical properties. Bulgarian Journal of Plant Physiology, 30(3-4): 74-84.
  • Paryad, A., Mahmoudi, M., 2008. Effect of different levels of supplemental yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on performance, blood constituents and carcass characteristics of broiler chicks. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 3(12): 835-842.
  • Reed, G., Nagodawithana, T.W., 1999. Yeast Technology. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
  • Reisinger, N., Ganner, A., Masching, S., Schatzmayr, G., Applegate, T. J., 2012. Efficacy of a yeast derivative on broiler performance, intestinal morphology and blood profile. Livestock Science, 143(2-3): 195-200.
  • Rosen, G.D., 1996. Pronutrient antibiotic replacement standards discussed. Feedstuffs, 75: 11-13.
  • Shareef, A.M., Al-Dabbagh, A.S.A., 2009. Effect of probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on performance of broiler chicks. Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 23(Supplement 1): 23-29.
  • Shariatmadari, F., Shirzadi, H., Torshizi, M.A., Rahimi, S., 2015. Evaluation of phenolic Prosopis Farcta and Rhus Coriaria L. extracts as alternatives to antibiotics in broiler Chicks. WPSA Abbual Meeting-UK: Taylor and Francis Publisher.
  • Shata, R.F., Elkloub, K., El Moustafa, M., 2017. Effect of dietary sumac seed powder as an antioxidant and growth promoter on growth performance of Japanese quail. Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Feeds, 20(1): 105-113.
  • Shidfar F., Rahideh S.T., Rajab, A., Khandozii N., Hosseini, S., Shidfar, S., Mojabe, F., 2014. The Effect of Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) powder on serum glycemic Status, ApoB, ApoA-I and total antioxidant capacity in type 2 diabetic patients. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 13(4): 1249-1255.
  • Soltan, M.A., 2008. Effect of dietary organic acid supplementation on egg production, egg quality and same blood serum parameters in laying hens. International Journal of Poultry Science, 7(6): 613-621.
  • Spring, P., Wenk, C., Dawson, K.A., Newman, K.E., 2000. The effects of dietary mannaoligosaccharides on cecal parameters and the concentration of enteric bacteria in the ceca of Salmonella-challenged broiler chicks. Poultry Science, 79(2): 205-211.
  • Stanley, V.G., Ojo, R., Woldesenbet, S., Hutchinson, D., Kubena, L.F., 1993. The use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to suppress the effects of aflatoxicosis in broiler chicks. Poultry Science, 72(10): 1867-1872.
  • Toghyani, M., Faghan, N., 2017. Effect of sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) fruit powder as an antibiotic growth promoter substitution on growth performance, immune responses and serum lipid profile of broiler chicks. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 51(3): 295-298.
  • Valiollahi, M.R., Gholami, M., Namjoo, A.R., Rahimian, Y., Rafiee, A., 2014. Effect of using sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) and ajwain (Trachyspermum copticum) powders on performance and intestinal microbial population in broiler chicks. Research in Animal Veterinary Science, 4(10): 545-549.
  • Zhang, A.W., Lee, B.D., Lee, S.K., Lee, K.W., An, G.H., Song, K.B., Lee, C.H., 2005. Effects of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) cell components on growth performance, meat quality, and ileal mucosa development of broiler chicks. Poultry Science, 84(7): 1015-1021.

Effect of Sumac, Yeast, and Onion on Broiler Chicken Performance

Yıl 2022, , 1 - 7, 28.02.2022
https://doi.org/10.19159/tutad.956417

Öz

This study was conducted to determine the effects of sumac, yeast, and onion supplementation to broiler chicken feeds on performance. Four hundred and fifty, one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks were obtained from Yagoo Group Hatchery in Sulaymaniyah Province and were randomly distributed into three treatment groups (150 chicks for each group) with six replicates (each 25 chicks). Chicks were raised on floor cages (210 × 200 × 100 cm). T1 (Feed with 0 mg kg-1 sumac, yeast, and onion), T2 (Feed with 10, 2 and 20 mg kg-1 sumac, yeast, and onion for every day) and T3 (Feed with 10, 2 and 20 mg kg-1 sumac, yeast, and onion for 2 days added and 2 days free in the rearing period) experiment groups were constituted. In the study, the effects of the treatments on the performance parameters were found to be statistically significant. In body weight, the highest group in terms of total body weght gain and total feed intake was T3, and it was significantly higher than T2 and control groups (p<0.001). Again, T2 was found to be significantly higher in terms of these parameters compared to the control group (p<0.001). In total, the feed conversion rate (FCR) was found to be statistically significant. While T3 had a similar FCR (1.50) to the control group, it was significantly lower (p<0.001) compared to T2 (1.68). In general, the treatments were found to have a positive effect on performance parameters.

Kaynakça

  • Abdelrahman, M.M., 2013. Effects of feeding dry fat and yeast culture on broiler chicken performance. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 37(1): 31-37.
  • Aditya, S., Ahammed, M., Jang, S.H., Ohh, S.J., 2017. Effects of dietary onion (Allium cepa) extract supplementation on performance, apparent total tract retention of nutrients, blood profile and meat quality of broiler chicks. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 30(2): 229-235.
  • Ahiwe, E.U., Abdallh, M.E., Chang'a, E., Omede, A.A., Al-Qahtani, M., Gausi, H., Graham, H., Iji, P., 2020. Infuence of dietary supplementation of autolyzed whole yeast and yeast cell wall products on broiler chickens. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 33(4): 579-587.
  • Aji, S.B., Ignatius, K., Ado, A.Y., Nuhu, J.B., Abdulkarim, A., Aliyu, U., Gambo, M.B., Ibrahim, M.A., Abubakar, H., Bukar, M.M., Imam, H.M., Numan, P.T., 2011. Effect of feeding onion (Allium cepa) and garlic (Allium sativum) on some performance characteristics of broiler chickens. Research Journal of Poultry Sciences, 4(2): 22-27.
  • Alishah, A.S., Daneshyar, M., Aghazadeh, A., 2012. The effect of dietary sumac fruit powder (Rhus coriaria L.) on performance and blood antioxidant status of broiler chickens under continuous heat stress condition. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 11(4): 392-396.
  • Anonymous, 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th Revised Ed., National Acedemy Press, Washington.
  • Anonymous, 2011. SAS/STAT User’s Guide: Version 9. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.
  • Cross, D.E., Mcdevitt, R.M., Hillman, K., Acamovic, T., 2007. The effect of herbs and their associated essential oils on performance, dietary digestibility and gut microflora in chickens from 7 to 28 days of age. British Poultry Science, 48(4): 496-506.
  • Duncan, D.B., 1955. Multiple Range and Multiple F-Tests. Biometrics, 11(1): 1-42.
  • Ebesunun, M.O., Popoola, O.O., Agbedana, E.O., Olisekodiaka, J.M., Onuegbu, J.A., Onyeagala, A.A., 2007. The effect of garlic on plasma lipids and lipopro-teins in rats fed on high cholesterol enriched diet. Biokemistri, 19(2): 53-58.
  • Engberg, R.M., Hedemann, M.S., Leser, T.D., Jensen, B.B., 2000. Effect of zinc bacitracin and salinomycin on intestinal microflora and performance of broilers. Poultry Science, 79(9): 1311-1319.
  • Farahani, M., Goodarzi, M., Nanekarani, S., 2015. The effects of aqueous extract of onion on performance and some blood biochemical parameters of the Cobb and Ross broilers. International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research, 3(4): 370-377.
  • Gao, J., Zhang, H.J., Yu, S.H., Wu, S.G., Yoon, I., Quigley, J., Gao, Y.P., Qi, G.H., 2008. Effects of yeast culture in broiler diets on performance and immunomodulatory functions. Poultry Science, 87(7): 1377-1384.
  • Ghasemi, R., Faghani, M., Poor Reza, J., Khonmirzaiee, N., Rahimian Y., 2014. Using Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) extract affect performance and intestinal characteristics of broiler chicks. Scholarly Journal of Agricultural Science, 4(8): 442-445.
  • Gibson, G.R., Roberfroid, M., 2008. Handbook of Prebiotics. 1st Edition, CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, USA.
  • Glade, M.J., Sist, M.O., 1988. Dietary yeast culture supplementation enhances urea recycling in equine large intestine. Nutrition Reports International, 37: 11-17.
  • Gonzalez, M.E., Anthon, G.E., Barrett, M.D., 2010. Onion cells after high pressure and thermal processing: comparison of membrane integrity changes using different analytical methods and impact on tissue texture. Journal of Food Science, 75(7): E426-32.
  • Goodarzi, M., Landy, M., Nanekarani, S., 2013. Effect of onion (Allium cepa L.) as an antibiotic growth promoter substitution on performance, immune responses and serum biochemical parameters in broiler chicks. Health, 05(08): 1210-1215.
  • Goodarzi, M., Nanekarani, S., 2014. Effect of onion extract in drink water on performance and carcass traits in broiler chickens. IERI Procedia, 8: 107-112.
  • Gulmez, M., Oral, N., Vatanever, L., 2006. The effect of water extract of sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) and lactic acid on decontamination and shelf life of raw broiler wing. Poultry Science, 85(8): 1466-71.
  • Hassanein, S.M., Soliman, N.K., 2010. Effect of probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) adding to diets on intestinal microflora and performance of Hy-Line layer hens. Journal of American Science, 6(11): 159-169.
  • Hooge, D.M., Sims, M.D., Sefton, A.E., Connolly, A., Spring, P.S., 2003. Effect of dietary mannan oligosaccharide, with or without bacitracin or virginiamycin, on live performance of broiler chickens at relatively high stocking density on new litter. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 12(4): 461-467.
  • Hosseini, S.C., 2011. The effect of utilization of different levels of Saccharomysec cerevisiae on broiler chicken’s performance. Global Veterinaria, 6(3): 233-236.
  • Karademir, G., Karademir, B., 2003. Biotechnologic products using as feed supplement. Lalahan Hayvancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 43(1): 61-74. (In Turkish).
  • Kheiri, F., Rahimian, Y., Nasr, J., 2015. Application of sumac and dried whey in female broiler feed. Archiv fuer Tierzucht, 58(58): 205-210.
  • Landy, N., Ghalamkari, G.H., Toghyani, M., Moattar, F., 2011. The effects of Echinacea purpurea L. (purple coneflower) as an antibiotic growth promoter substitution on performance, carcass characteristics and humoral immune response in broiler chickens. Journal of Medicinal Plant Research, 5(11): 2332-2338.
  • Lee, K.W., Everts, H., Kappert, H.J., Yeom, K.H., Beynen. A.C., 2003. Dietary carvacrol lowers body weight gain but improves feed conversion in female broiler chickens. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 12(4): 394-399.
  • Mansoub, H.N., 2012. Effect of different levels of Sumac Powder (Rhus coriaria L.) on performance, carcass and blood parameters of broiler chickens. Annals of Biological Research, 2(5): 647-652.
  • Martin, S.A., Nisbet, B.J., Dean, R.G., 1989. Influence of a commercial yeast supplement on the in vitro ruminal fermentation. Nutrition Reports International, 40(2): 395-403.
  • Melvin, J.M., Jayochitra, J., Vijayapriaya, M., 2009. Antimicrobial activity of some common spices against certain human pathogens. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 3(11): 1134-1136.
  • Mohammadi, A., Pourreza, J., Jalali, S.M.A., Mirzaei, N.K., 2011. Effect of sumac powder (Rhus coriaria L.) and probiotic on performance of broiler chickens. Advances in Environmental Biology, 5(8): 2409-2412.
  • Nasir, Z., Grashorn, M.A., 2006. Use of black cumin (Nigella sativa) as alternative to antibiotics in poultry diets. 9th Tagung Schweine-und Geflügelernährung, 28-30 November, Halle (Saale), Germany, pp. 210-213.
  • Omar, A.E., Al-Khalaifah, H.S., Mohamed, W.A.M., Gharib, H.S.A., Osman, A., Al-Gabri, N.A., Amer, S.A., 2020. Effects of phenolic-rich onion (Allium cepa L.) extract on the growth performance, behavior, intestinal histology, amino acid digestibility, antioxidant activity, and the immune status of broiler chickens. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 7: 582612.
  • Özcan, M., Haciseferogullari, H., 2004. A condiment [sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) fruits]: some physico-chemical properties. Bulgarian Journal of Plant Physiology, 30(3-4): 74-84.
  • Paryad, A., Mahmoudi, M., 2008. Effect of different levels of supplemental yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on performance, blood constituents and carcass characteristics of broiler chicks. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 3(12): 835-842.
  • Reed, G., Nagodawithana, T.W., 1999. Yeast Technology. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
  • Reisinger, N., Ganner, A., Masching, S., Schatzmayr, G., Applegate, T. J., 2012. Efficacy of a yeast derivative on broiler performance, intestinal morphology and blood profile. Livestock Science, 143(2-3): 195-200.
  • Rosen, G.D., 1996. Pronutrient antibiotic replacement standards discussed. Feedstuffs, 75: 11-13.
  • Shareef, A.M., Al-Dabbagh, A.S.A., 2009. Effect of probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on performance of broiler chicks. Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 23(Supplement 1): 23-29.
  • Shariatmadari, F., Shirzadi, H., Torshizi, M.A., Rahimi, S., 2015. Evaluation of phenolic Prosopis Farcta and Rhus Coriaria L. extracts as alternatives to antibiotics in broiler Chicks. WPSA Abbual Meeting-UK: Taylor and Francis Publisher.
  • Shata, R.F., Elkloub, K., El Moustafa, M., 2017. Effect of dietary sumac seed powder as an antioxidant and growth promoter on growth performance of Japanese quail. Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Feeds, 20(1): 105-113.
  • Shidfar F., Rahideh S.T., Rajab, A., Khandozii N., Hosseini, S., Shidfar, S., Mojabe, F., 2014. The Effect of Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) powder on serum glycemic Status, ApoB, ApoA-I and total antioxidant capacity in type 2 diabetic patients. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 13(4): 1249-1255.
  • Soltan, M.A., 2008. Effect of dietary organic acid supplementation on egg production, egg quality and same blood serum parameters in laying hens. International Journal of Poultry Science, 7(6): 613-621.
  • Spring, P., Wenk, C., Dawson, K.A., Newman, K.E., 2000. The effects of dietary mannaoligosaccharides on cecal parameters and the concentration of enteric bacteria in the ceca of Salmonella-challenged broiler chicks. Poultry Science, 79(2): 205-211.
  • Stanley, V.G., Ojo, R., Woldesenbet, S., Hutchinson, D., Kubena, L.F., 1993. The use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to suppress the effects of aflatoxicosis in broiler chicks. Poultry Science, 72(10): 1867-1872.
  • Toghyani, M., Faghan, N., 2017. Effect of sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) fruit powder as an antibiotic growth promoter substitution on growth performance, immune responses and serum lipid profile of broiler chicks. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 51(3): 295-298.
  • Valiollahi, M.R., Gholami, M., Namjoo, A.R., Rahimian, Y., Rafiee, A., 2014. Effect of using sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) and ajwain (Trachyspermum copticum) powders on performance and intestinal microbial population in broiler chicks. Research in Animal Veterinary Science, 4(10): 545-549.
  • Zhang, A.W., Lee, B.D., Lee, S.K., Lee, K.W., An, G.H., Song, K.B., Lee, C.H., 2005. Effects of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) cell components on growth performance, meat quality, and ileal mucosa development of broiler chicks. Poultry Science, 84(7): 1015-1021.
Toplam 48 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi / Research Article
Yazarlar

Hardi Ahmed Karim Al-jaf Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-3477-9465

Yaser Khorram Del Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-2527-2622

Muhammet Ali Kara 0000-0003-3203-8364

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Şubat 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022

Kaynak Göster

APA Al-jaf, H. A. K., Del, Y. K., & Kara, M. A. (2022). Effect of Sumac, Yeast, and Onion on Broiler Chicken Performance. Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 9(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.19159/tutad.956417
AMA Al-jaf HAK, Del YK, Kara MA. Effect of Sumac, Yeast, and Onion on Broiler Chicken Performance. TÜTAD. Şubat 2022;9(1):1-7. doi:10.19159/tutad.956417
Chicago Al-jaf, Hardi Ahmed Karim, Yaser Khorram Del, ve Muhammet Ali Kara. “Effect of Sumac, Yeast, and Onion on Broiler Chicken Performance”. Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi 9, sy. 1 (Şubat 2022): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.19159/tutad.956417.
EndNote Al-jaf HAK, Del YK, Kara MA (01 Şubat 2022) Effect of Sumac, Yeast, and Onion on Broiler Chicken Performance. Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi 9 1 1–7.
IEEE H. A. K. Al-jaf, Y. K. Del, ve M. A. Kara, “Effect of Sumac, Yeast, and Onion on Broiler Chicken Performance”, TÜTAD, c. 9, sy. 1, ss. 1–7, 2022, doi: 10.19159/tutad.956417.
ISNAD Al-jaf, Hardi Ahmed Karim vd. “Effect of Sumac, Yeast, and Onion on Broiler Chicken Performance”. Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi 9/1 (Şubat 2022), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.19159/tutad.956417.
JAMA Al-jaf HAK, Del YK, Kara MA. Effect of Sumac, Yeast, and Onion on Broiler Chicken Performance. TÜTAD. 2022;9:1–7.
MLA Al-jaf, Hardi Ahmed Karim vd. “Effect of Sumac, Yeast, and Onion on Broiler Chicken Performance”. Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi, c. 9, sy. 1, 2022, ss. 1-7, doi:10.19159/tutad.956417.
Vancouver Al-jaf HAK, Del YK, Kara MA. Effect of Sumac, Yeast, and Onion on Broiler Chicken Performance. TÜTAD. 2022;9(1):1-7.

TARANILAN DİZİNLER

14658    14659     14660   14661  14662  14663  14664        

14665      14667