DENİZCİLİKTE KARBONSUZLAŞTIRMA SÜRECİNDE ÖNEMLİ DÖNÜM NOKTALARI: MEPC 83 VE MEPC ES.2

Öz

Uluslararası deniz taşımacılığı, küresel insan kaynaklı sera gazı emisyonlarının yaklaşık %3'ünden sorumludur. Bu çalışma, IMO kararları ve raporlarını kapsayan doküman bazlı bir politika analizi ile 79 üye devlet ve sektörel paydaşların kurumsal beyanlarının sistematik değerlendirmesini birleştiren karma nitel araştırma deseni kullanmaktadır. Metodoloji, uzman görüşüne dayalı yorumlayıcı analizin yanı sıra IMO Net-Sıfır Çerçevesi ile AB ETS ve FuelEU Maritime gibi bölgesel düzenlemeler arasında karşılaştırmalı bir değerlendirmeyi de içermektedir. Araştırma, MEPC 83'ün "IMO Net-Sıfır Çerçevesi"nin tartışıldığı ve 2050 net-sıfır hedefinin MARPOL Ek VI düzenlemelerine dahil edildiği tarihi bir dönüm noktası olduğunu belirlemiştir. Bu çerçeve, zorunlu sera gazı yakıt yoğunluğu standartlarını ve küresel düzeyde bağlayıcı bir fiyatlandırma mekanizmasını beraberinde getirmektedir. Bununla birlikte analizler, "adil geçiş" ilkesi ve ekonomik hakkaniyet konusunda derin jeopolitik gerilimler yaşandığını; bu durumun, gelir dağılımı ve teknik uygulanabilirlik üzerindeki uzlaşmazlıklar nedeniyle MEPC ES.2'nin bir yıl ertelenmesiyle sonuçlandığını ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Denizcilikte Karbonsuzlaştırma
• Uluslararası Denizcilik Örgütü
• Deniz Çevresini Koruma Komitesi
• Sera Gazları
• İklim Değişikliği Politikası.

HISTORIC MILESTONES IN MARITIME DECARBONIZATION: MEPC 83 AND MEPC ES.2

Öz

International maritime transport accounts for approximately 3% of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study employs a mixed-methods qualitative research design combining a document-based policy analysis of official IMO resolutions and reports with a systematic assessment of institutional statements and press releases from 79 member states and key industry stakeholders. The methodology further integrates an expert-informed interpretative analysis and a comparative assessment between the IMO Net-Zero Framework and regional instruments such as the EU ETS and FuelEU Maritime. The research identifies MEPC 83 as a historic milestone where the “IMO Net-Zero Framework” was discussed and the 2050 net-zero target was incorporated into MARPOL Annex VI. This framework introduces mandatory GHG fuel intensity standards and a globally binding pricing mechanism. However, the analysis reveals deep-seated geopolitical tensions regarding the "just transition" principle and economic equity, which resulted in the adjournment of MEPC ES.2 for one year due to a lack of consensus on revenue distribution and technical feasibility.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Maritime Decarbonization
• International Maritime Organization
• Marine Environment Protection Committee
• GHG Emissions
• Climate Change Policy

Kaynakça

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