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How Does N: P: K Fertilizer Applications in Different Levels Affect The Nutrition of Anatolian Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) ?

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 1 - 9, 27.02.2021

Öz

The sweet chestnut has provided the fuel, shelter, and nutrition needs of mankind for centuries. However, it was mostly accepted as a forest tree. This study aims to determine the effect of chestnut leaves of fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium on nutrient elements and to create a macro fertilization program for the chestnut tree. In this context, nitrogen (0, 110, 220, 330, 440 lb N ha-1) phosphorus (0, 55, 110, 165, 220 lb P ha-1 ), and potassium (0, 110, 220, 330, 440 lb K ha-1 ) fertilizers were applied to chestnut trees for two years in different levels. While nitrogen applications increase N, Zn, and Cu concentrations in chestnut leaves; It reduced Fe and Mn content, and no statistically significant effect was found on P, K, Ca, and Mg concentrations. However, increasing phosphorus applications increased N, P, and Cu concentrations in chestnut leaves, but decreased K, Ca, and Mg content, and no statistically significant effect was detected on Fe, Zn and Mn concentrations. This research, which is among the very limited number of studies related to the nutrition of chestnut, maybe a guide for future studies. Keywords: Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.), plant nutrition, interaction, macronutrients, micronutrients.

Destekleyen Kurum

Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies

Proje Numarası

TAGEM-BB-100205E6

Teşekkür

We thank İnegöl (Bursa), chestnut growers, for their support.

Kaynakça

  • Aktaş, M, Ateş, A., 1998. Bitkilerde Beslenme Bozuklukları Nedenleri Tanınmaları. ISBN: 975-320-033-1, Engin Yayınevi, Ankara, 247s(in Turkish).
  • Anonim, 2019. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAOSTAT [online]. Website http://faostat.fao.org/en/#data/QC [accessed 12 February 2019].
  • Arrobas, M, Afonso, S, Ferreira, I.Q, Moutınho-Pereıra, J, Correia, C.M, Rodrıgues, M.A., 2017. Liming and application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and boron on a young plantation of chestnut. Turk J Agric For (2017) 41: 441-451. doi:10.3906/tar-1705-79.
  • Aulakh, M.S, Malhi, S.S., 2005. Interactions of nitrogen with other nutrients and water: Effect on crop yield and quality nutrient use efficiency, carbon sequestration, and environmental pollution. Advances in Agronomy86:341–409. doi: 10.1016/S0065-2113(05)86007-9.
  • Bryson, G.M, Mills, H.A, Sasseville, D.N, Jones, J.B, Barker, A.V., 2014. Plant analysis handbook III: a guide to sampling, preparation, analysis and interpretation for agronomic and horticultural crops.ASIN: 187814801X, Micro-Macro Publishing, Inc., Athens, GA, 571 pp.
  • Ceylan, Ş, Mordoğan, N, Yoldaş, F, Yağmur, B., 2001. Azotlu gübrelemenin domates bitkisinde verim, azot birikimi ve besin element içeriği üzerine etkisi.Ege Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg. 2001, 38(2-3):103-110 ISSN 1018-8851 (in Turkish).
  • El Kohen, A, Rouhier, H, Mousseau, M., 1992. Changes in dry weight and nitrogen partitioning induced by elevated CO2 depend on soil nutrient availability in sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill). Ann Sci For 49: 83-90. doi: 10.1051/forest:19920201.
  • Ercişli, S, Güleryüz, M, Orhan, E, Ertük, Y, Karlıdağ, H., 2009. The Use of Wild Edible Fruits in Sustainable Fruit Production in Turkey, 1st International Symposium on Sustainable Development, June 9-10 2009, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzigova. pp:78-82.
  • Ertan, E, Erdal, E, Alkan, G, Algul, B.E., 2015. Effects of different postharvest storage methods on the quality parameters of chestnuts (Castanea sativa Mill.). HortScience: a publication of the American Society for Horticultural Science 50(4):577-581. doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI.50.4.577.
  • Evliya, H., 1960. Kültür Bitkilerinin Beslenmesi. A.Ü. Ziraat Yayınları, 36. Ders Kitabı 17. A.Ü. Basımevi. (in Turkish).
  • Foth, H.D, Jacobs, H.S., 1964. Laboratory Manual for Introductory Soil Sciense 2.Ed. W. M. C. Brown Comp. Publ. Lowa.
  • Hakerlerler, H., 2000. Bitki besin maddelerinin karşılıklı etkileşimleri üzerine bir araştırma, TUYAP Ege Marmara Dilimi 2000 Yılı Bahçe Bitkileri Bilgi Alışveriş Toplantısı Bildiriler Kitabı(20-22 Haziran 2000 Menemen, İzmir) s: 195-216. (in Turkish).
  • Kacar, B., 1995. Toprak Analizleri A.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Eğitim Araştırma ve Geliştirme Vakfı Yayınları No: 3 Ankara. (in Turkish).
  • Kacar, B, İnal, A., 2008. Bitki Analizleri, Nobel Yayın Dağıtım, ISBN 978-605-395-036-3, Ankara, 891 s. (in Turkish).
  • Kacar, B, Katkat, A.V., 2009. Bitki Besleme. Nobel Yayınları, ISNB: 978-605-320-121-3, No:849, Ankara, 678s. (in Turkish).
  • Kellog, E.C., 1952. Our Garden Soils. The Macmillon Company New York, 92.
  • Kovancı, İ., 1969. İzmir Bölgesi Tarla Topraklarında Nitrifikasyon Durumu ve Bunun Bazı Toprak Özellikleri ile Olan İlişkisi Üzerine Araştırmalar, 96 s. Bornova. (in Turkish).
  • Laroche, A, Freyssac, V, Rahmani, A, Verger, J.P, Morvan, H., 1997. Growth and mineral content of young chestnut trees under controlled conditions of nutrition. Ann Sci For 54: 681-693. doi: 10.1051/forest:19970708.
  • Loue A., 1968. Diagnostic Petiolaire De Prospechtion. Etud Sur La Nutrition et. La Fertilisation Potasigues De La vigne. Societe Commerciale Des Potasses d'Al sace services Agronomigues, 31-41. (in French).
  • Mengel, K, Kirkby, E.A., 1987. Principles of Plant Nutrition. ISBN: 3906535037 9783906535036, 4th Edition Publisher, International Institute, Switzerland. 687p.
  • Pérez-Cruzado, C, Solla-Gullon, F, Merino, A, Rodriguez-Soalleiro, R., 2011. Analysis of growth and nutrition of a young Castanea × coudercii plantation after application of wood-bark ash. European Journal of Forest Research 130(2):209-217 doi: 10.1007/s10342-010-0422-z.
  • Pizer, N.H., 1967. Some Advisory Aspects Soil Potassium and Magnesium. Tech. Bult. N. 14-184.
  • Portela, E, Martins, A, Pires, A.L, Raimundo, F, Marques, G., 2007. Cap 6 - Práticas culturais no souto: o manejo do solo. In: Gomes Laranjo J, Ferreira-Cardoso J, Portela E, Abreu CG, editors. Castanheiros. Vila Real, Portugal: Programa AGRO 499, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, pp. 207-264 (in Portuguese).
  • Raese, J.T, Drake, S.R., 1997. Nitrogen fertilization and elemental composition affects fruit quality of 'Fuji' Apples. Journal of Plant Nutrition 20 (12): 1797-1809.
  • Schlichting, E, Blume, H.P., 1966. Bodenkundliches Praktikum. P. 209. Series No: 9. ASA Inc. Pub. Madison, Wisconsin. USA. Pp. 1179-1237.
  • Toprak, S, Seferoğlu, S., 2013. The Seasonal Changes of Nutritional Elements of Chestnut (Castanea Sativa) Plant And Determination Of Leaf Sampling Times. American Journal of Research Communication, 2013, 1(5): 1-8.
  • Uysal, E, Akçay, M.E., 2015. Farklı Azot Uygulamalarının Deveci Armut Çeşidinde Meyvelerde Mineral Madde İçeriği Üzerine Etkisi. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, ISSN: 2147-6403 4(1):19‐26 (in Turkish).
  • Ülgen, N, Yurtsever, N., 1995. Türkiye Gübre ve Gübreleme Rehberi (4. Baskı). T.C. Başbakanlık Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü Toprak ve Gübre Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü Yayınları, Genel Yayın No: 209, Teknik Yayınlar No: T.66. Ankara. 230s. (in Turkish).
  • U.S. Soil Staff., 1954. “Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkaline Soils” Handbook 60, Washington, D.C.
  • Viets, F.C, Lindsay, W.L., 1973 Testing Soils for Zn, Cu, Mn, and Fe Soil Testing and Plant Analysis. Soil Sci. Of Amer. Inc. p: 133-172, Madison-Wisconsin.
  • Warmund, M., 2018. Nutrient status and fruiting response of young Chinese chestnut trees following application of nitrogen. Journal of the American Pomological Society 72(1): 12-20.
  • Yağmur, B., 2009. Farklı seviyelerde uygulanan potasyumun anasonun verim ve yaprak besin maddesi içeriğine etkisi.Ege Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg., 2009, 46 (1): 17-24 ISSN 1018 – 8851. p: 17-24 (in Turkish).

How Does N: P: K Fertilizer Applications in Different Levels Affect The Nutrition of Anatolian Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) ?

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 1 - 9, 27.02.2021

Öz

The sweet chestnut has provided the fuel, shelter, and nutrition needs of mankind for centuries. However, it was mostly accepted as a forest tree. This study aims to determine the effect of chestnut leaves of fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium on nutrient elements and to create a macro fertilization program for the chestnut tree. In this context, nitrogen (0, 110, 220, 330, 440 lb N ha-1) phosphorus (0, 55, 110, 165, 220 lb P ha-1 ), and potassium (0, 110, 220, 330, 440 lb K ha-1 ) fertilizers were applied to chestnut trees for two years in different levels. While nitrogen applications increase N, Zn, and Cu concentrations in chestnut leaves; It reduced Fe and Mn content, and no statistically significant effect was found on P, K, Ca, and Mg concentrations. However, increasing phosphorus applications increased N, P, and Cu concentrations in chestnut leaves, but decreased K, Ca, and Mg content, and no statistically significant effect was detected on Fe, Zn and Mn concentrations. This research, which is among the very limited number of studies related to the nutrition of chestnut, maybe a guide for future studies. Keywords: Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.), plant nutrition, interaction, macronutrients, micronutrients.

Proje Numarası

TAGEM-BB-100205E6

Kaynakça

  • Aktaş, M, Ateş, A., 1998. Bitkilerde Beslenme Bozuklukları Nedenleri Tanınmaları. ISBN: 975-320-033-1, Engin Yayınevi, Ankara, 247s(in Turkish).
  • Anonim, 2019. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAOSTAT [online]. Website http://faostat.fao.org/en/#data/QC [accessed 12 February 2019].
  • Arrobas, M, Afonso, S, Ferreira, I.Q, Moutınho-Pereıra, J, Correia, C.M, Rodrıgues, M.A., 2017. Liming and application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and boron on a young plantation of chestnut. Turk J Agric For (2017) 41: 441-451. doi:10.3906/tar-1705-79.
  • Aulakh, M.S, Malhi, S.S., 2005. Interactions of nitrogen with other nutrients and water: Effect on crop yield and quality nutrient use efficiency, carbon sequestration, and environmental pollution. Advances in Agronomy86:341–409. doi: 10.1016/S0065-2113(05)86007-9.
  • Bryson, G.M, Mills, H.A, Sasseville, D.N, Jones, J.B, Barker, A.V., 2014. Plant analysis handbook III: a guide to sampling, preparation, analysis and interpretation for agronomic and horticultural crops.ASIN: 187814801X, Micro-Macro Publishing, Inc., Athens, GA, 571 pp.
  • Ceylan, Ş, Mordoğan, N, Yoldaş, F, Yağmur, B., 2001. Azotlu gübrelemenin domates bitkisinde verim, azot birikimi ve besin element içeriği üzerine etkisi.Ege Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg. 2001, 38(2-3):103-110 ISSN 1018-8851 (in Turkish).
  • El Kohen, A, Rouhier, H, Mousseau, M., 1992. Changes in dry weight and nitrogen partitioning induced by elevated CO2 depend on soil nutrient availability in sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill). Ann Sci For 49: 83-90. doi: 10.1051/forest:19920201.
  • Ercişli, S, Güleryüz, M, Orhan, E, Ertük, Y, Karlıdağ, H., 2009. The Use of Wild Edible Fruits in Sustainable Fruit Production in Turkey, 1st International Symposium on Sustainable Development, June 9-10 2009, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzigova. pp:78-82.
  • Ertan, E, Erdal, E, Alkan, G, Algul, B.E., 2015. Effects of different postharvest storage methods on the quality parameters of chestnuts (Castanea sativa Mill.). HortScience: a publication of the American Society for Horticultural Science 50(4):577-581. doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI.50.4.577.
  • Evliya, H., 1960. Kültür Bitkilerinin Beslenmesi. A.Ü. Ziraat Yayınları, 36. Ders Kitabı 17. A.Ü. Basımevi. (in Turkish).
  • Foth, H.D, Jacobs, H.S., 1964. Laboratory Manual for Introductory Soil Sciense 2.Ed. W. M. C. Brown Comp. Publ. Lowa.
  • Hakerlerler, H., 2000. Bitki besin maddelerinin karşılıklı etkileşimleri üzerine bir araştırma, TUYAP Ege Marmara Dilimi 2000 Yılı Bahçe Bitkileri Bilgi Alışveriş Toplantısı Bildiriler Kitabı(20-22 Haziran 2000 Menemen, İzmir) s: 195-216. (in Turkish).
  • Kacar, B., 1995. Toprak Analizleri A.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Eğitim Araştırma ve Geliştirme Vakfı Yayınları No: 3 Ankara. (in Turkish).
  • Kacar, B, İnal, A., 2008. Bitki Analizleri, Nobel Yayın Dağıtım, ISBN 978-605-395-036-3, Ankara, 891 s. (in Turkish).
  • Kacar, B, Katkat, A.V., 2009. Bitki Besleme. Nobel Yayınları, ISNB: 978-605-320-121-3, No:849, Ankara, 678s. (in Turkish).
  • Kellog, E.C., 1952. Our Garden Soils. The Macmillon Company New York, 92.
  • Kovancı, İ., 1969. İzmir Bölgesi Tarla Topraklarında Nitrifikasyon Durumu ve Bunun Bazı Toprak Özellikleri ile Olan İlişkisi Üzerine Araştırmalar, 96 s. Bornova. (in Turkish).
  • Laroche, A, Freyssac, V, Rahmani, A, Verger, J.P, Morvan, H., 1997. Growth and mineral content of young chestnut trees under controlled conditions of nutrition. Ann Sci For 54: 681-693. doi: 10.1051/forest:19970708.
  • Loue A., 1968. Diagnostic Petiolaire De Prospechtion. Etud Sur La Nutrition et. La Fertilisation Potasigues De La vigne. Societe Commerciale Des Potasses d'Al sace services Agronomigues, 31-41. (in French).
  • Mengel, K, Kirkby, E.A., 1987. Principles of Plant Nutrition. ISBN: 3906535037 9783906535036, 4th Edition Publisher, International Institute, Switzerland. 687p.
  • Pérez-Cruzado, C, Solla-Gullon, F, Merino, A, Rodriguez-Soalleiro, R., 2011. Analysis of growth and nutrition of a young Castanea × coudercii plantation after application of wood-bark ash. European Journal of Forest Research 130(2):209-217 doi: 10.1007/s10342-010-0422-z.
  • Pizer, N.H., 1967. Some Advisory Aspects Soil Potassium and Magnesium. Tech. Bult. N. 14-184.
  • Portela, E, Martins, A, Pires, A.L, Raimundo, F, Marques, G., 2007. Cap 6 - Práticas culturais no souto: o manejo do solo. In: Gomes Laranjo J, Ferreira-Cardoso J, Portela E, Abreu CG, editors. Castanheiros. Vila Real, Portugal: Programa AGRO 499, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, pp. 207-264 (in Portuguese).
  • Raese, J.T, Drake, S.R., 1997. Nitrogen fertilization and elemental composition affects fruit quality of 'Fuji' Apples. Journal of Plant Nutrition 20 (12): 1797-1809.
  • Schlichting, E, Blume, H.P., 1966. Bodenkundliches Praktikum. P. 209. Series No: 9. ASA Inc. Pub. Madison, Wisconsin. USA. Pp. 1179-1237.
  • Toprak, S, Seferoğlu, S., 2013. The Seasonal Changes of Nutritional Elements of Chestnut (Castanea Sativa) Plant And Determination Of Leaf Sampling Times. American Journal of Research Communication, 2013, 1(5): 1-8.
  • Uysal, E, Akçay, M.E., 2015. Farklı Azot Uygulamalarının Deveci Armut Çeşidinde Meyvelerde Mineral Madde İçeriği Üzerine Etkisi. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, ISSN: 2147-6403 4(1):19‐26 (in Turkish).
  • Ülgen, N, Yurtsever, N., 1995. Türkiye Gübre ve Gübreleme Rehberi (4. Baskı). T.C. Başbakanlık Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü Toprak ve Gübre Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü Yayınları, Genel Yayın No: 209, Teknik Yayınlar No: T.66. Ankara. 230s. (in Turkish).
  • U.S. Soil Staff., 1954. “Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkaline Soils” Handbook 60, Washington, D.C.
  • Viets, F.C, Lindsay, W.L., 1973 Testing Soils for Zn, Cu, Mn, and Fe Soil Testing and Plant Analysis. Soil Sci. Of Amer. Inc. p: 133-172, Madison-Wisconsin.
  • Warmund, M., 2018. Nutrient status and fruiting response of young Chinese chestnut trees following application of nitrogen. Journal of the American Pomological Society 72(1): 12-20.
  • Yağmur, B., 2009. Farklı seviyelerde uygulanan potasyumun anasonun verim ve yaprak besin maddesi içeriğine etkisi.Ege Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg., 2009, 46 (1): 17-24 ISSN 1018 – 8851. p: 17-24 (in Turkish).
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Ziraat, Veterinerlik ve Gıda Bilimleri, Bahçe Bitkileri Yetiştirme ve Islahı, Agronomi, Toprak Bilimi ve Ekolojisi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Serdar Toprak

Özgür Ateş Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-9345-417X

Gülser Yalçın Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-8838-3055

Kadriye Taşpınar Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-9781-7222

Proje Numarası TAGEM-BB-100205E6
Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Şubat 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 28 Eylül 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Toprak, S., Ateş, Ö., Yalçın, G., Taşpınar, K. (2021). How Does N: P: K Fertilizer Applications in Different Levels Affect The Nutrition of Anatolian Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) ?. Uluslararası Anadolu Ziraat Mühendisliği Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(1), 1-9.