Thymbra spicata subsp. spicata Uçucu Yağının Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Üzerinde İnsektisidal Etkisinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 21 - 26, 30.05.2023

Alime Bayındır Erol Batıkan Günal Gürkan Semiz Ali Kemal Birgücü

Öz

Bu çalışmada Thymbra spicata subsp. spicata L. (Lamiaceae) uçucu yağının %1, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125 ve 0.0625 ml’lik konsantrasyonları Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae)’nin ikinci dönem nimflerine uygulanmıştır. Denemeler 10 tekerrürlü ve her tekerrürde 10 birey olacak şekilde yürütülmüştür. Farklı konsantrasyonlarda hazırlanan uçucu yağlar püskürtme yöntemiyle nimfler üzerine uygulanmıştır. Uygulamalardan sonra 1., 3., 5., 7. ve 9. günlerde canlı bireyler sayılarak kaydedilmiştir. T. spicata subsp. spicata’dan elde edilen uçucu yağın A. gossypii nimflerine uygulaması sonucunda %1 ml’lik konsantrasyonda en yüksek %81 ölüm oranı kaydedilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda uçucu yağın düşük konsantrasyonlarda uygulanması sonucunda da etkili olduğu, konsantrasyon artışına bağlı olarak etkinliğinin yükseldiği görülmüştür. Yaprakbiti üzerine uygulanan T. spicata subsp. spicata uçucu yağının etkili sonuçlar vermesi, bitkisel içerikli olması ve çevreye olumsuz etkilerinin olmaması yönleriyle tercih edilebilme potansiyelinin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aphis gossypii,, Thymbra spicata subsp. spicata,, uçucu yağ, mortalite, GC-MS

Determination of the Insecticidal Effect of Thymbra spicata subsp. spicata L. Essential Oil on Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Öz

In this study, 1%, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125 and 0.0625 ml concentrations of Thymbra spicata subsp. spicata L. essential oil were applied to second instar nymphs of Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Experiments were carried out with 10 replications and 10 individuals in each replication. Essential oils prepared in different concentrations were applied on the nymphs by spraying method. Alive individuals were counted and recorded on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th and 9th days after the treatments. The highest mortality rate of 81% was recorded at 1% ml concentration as a result of the application of essential oil obtained from T. spicata subsp. spicata to A. gossypii nymphs. As a result of the study, it was observed that the essential oil was also effective when applied at low concentrations, and its effectiveness increased depending on the concentration increase. It has been concluded that T. spicata subsp. spicata essential oil applied on aphids has the potential to be preferred in terms of givinig effective results, having herbal content and not having negative effects on the environment.

Kaynakça

• Anonim. (2011). Pamuk Entegre Mücadele Teknik Talimatı Kitabı. T.C. Gıda, Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanlığı, Tarımsal Araştırmalar ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğü, Bitki Sağlığı Araştırmaları Daire Başkanlığı, Ankara, 121s. https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/TAGEM/Belgeler/Entegre/pamuk%20entegre.pdf.
• Anonim. (2021). Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı, Tarımsal Ekonomi ve Politika Geliştirme Enstitüsü (TEPGE), Pamuk, Haziran Sayısı, 1-4.
• Bahtiyarca Bağdat, R. (2006). Tıbbi ve aromatik bitkilerin kullanım alanları, tıbbi adaçayı (Salvia officinalis L.) ve ülkemizde kekik adıyla bilinen türlerin yetiştirme teknikleri. Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 15 (1-2), 19-28.
• Başer, K., Kırımer, N. (2018). Essential oils of anatolian Lamiaceae-an update. Natural Volatiles and Essential Oils, 5(4), 1-28.
• Baydar, H., Sağdiç, O., Özkan, G., Karadoğan, T. (2004). Antibacterial activity and composition of essential oils from Origanum, Thymbra and Satureja species with commercial importance in Turkey. Food Control, 15(3), 169-172. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0956-7135(03)00028-8
• Babushok, V. I., Linstrom, P. J., Zenkevich, I. G. (2011). Retention indices for frequently reported compounds of plant essential oils. Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 40(4), 1-47. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3653552
• Campolo, O., Giunti, G., Russo, A., Palmeri, V., Zappala, L. (2018). Essential oils in stored product insect pest control. Journal of Food Quality, 18, 1-18. |https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6906105
• Costa, A. V., Pinheiro, P. F., Rondelli, V. M., de Queiroz, V. T., Tuler, A. C., Brito, K. B., Stinguel, P., Pratissoli, D. (2013). Cymbcinopogon citratus (Poaceae) essentiaol oil on Frankliniella schultzei (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Biosci. J., Uberlândia, 29 (6), 1840-1847.
• Çinar, G., Yaman, N., Aydın, M. (2018). Antibacterial effects of Thymbra spicata L. extracts on Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium and Campylobacter jejuni. Commagene Journal of Biology, 2(1), 21–24.
• Davis, P. H. (Ed.). (1982). Flora of Turkey and The East Aegean Islands, Vol. 7, Univ. Press, Edinburgh, 36-42, 297-313.
• Ebadollahi, A., Davari, M., Razmjou, J., Naseri , B. (2017). Separate and combined effects of Mentha piperata and Mentha pulegium essential oils and a pathogenic fungus Lecanicillium muscarium against Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 110 (3), 1025–1030. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/tox065
• Ertürk, Ö., Tanrıkulu, G. Ġ., Yavuz, C., Can, Z., Çakır, H. E. (2017). Chemical compositions, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil and extracts of Lamiaceae family (Ocimum basilicum and Thymbra spicata) from Turkey. International Journal of Secondary Metabolite, 4(3), 340–348.
• Eruygur, N., Çetin, S., Ataş M., Çevik, Ö. (2017). A study on the antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of Thymbra spicata L. var. spicata ethanol extract. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal, 39(3), 531–538. https://doi.org/10.7197/223.v39i31705.347450
• Eruygur, N., Koçyiğit, Ü.M., Ataş, M., Çevik, Ö., Gökalp, F., Taslimi, P., Gülçin, İ. (2021). Composition characterization and biological activity study of Thymbra spicata l. var spicata essential oil. Cumhuriyet Science Journal, 42(3), 565-575. https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.911818
• FAO. (2023). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL. [Erişim tarihi: 27.03.2023].
• Franzios, G., Mirotson, M., Hatziapostolou, E., Kral, J., Scouras, Z. G., Mavragani T. P. (1997). Insecticidal and genotoxic activities of mint essential oils. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 45(7), 2690-2694. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf960685f
• Hancı, S., Sahin, S., Yılmaz, L. (2003). Isolation of volatile oil from thyme (Thymbra spicata) by steam distillation. Food/Nahrung, 47(4), 252-255. https://doi.org/10.1002/food.200390059
• Harizia, A., Benguerai, A., Boukhari, Y. (2020). Toxicity and repellency of Eucalyptus globulus L. essential oil against Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763 (Homoptera: Aphididae). Journal of Entomological Research, 44(1), 147-152. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-4576.2020.00027.4
• Isman, M. B. (2000). Plant essential oils for pest and disease management. Crop Protection, 19(8-10), 603-608. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-2194(00)00079-X
• Işık, M., Görür, G. (2009). Aphidicidial activity of seven essential oils aganist the cabbage aphids, Brevicoryne brassicael L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Munis Entomology& Zoology Journal, 4(2), 424-429.
• Kennedy, J. F., Thorley, M. (2000). Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants. pp. 428-429. In: Brueton, J. (Ed.), Lavoisier Publishing, Paris.
• Koutsaviti, A., Antonopoulou, V., Vlassi, A., Antonatos, S., Michaelakis, A., Papachristos, D. P., Tzakou, O. (2018). Chemical composition and fumigant activity of essential oils from six plant families against Sitophilus oryzae (Col: Curculionidae). Journal of Pest Science, 91(2), 873-886. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-017-0934-0
• Liang, J. Y., Guo, S. S., Zhang, W. J., Geng, Z. F., Deng, Z. W., Du, S. S., Zhang, J. (2018). Fumigant and repellent activities of essential oil extracted from Artemisia dubia and its main compounds against two stored product pests. Natural Product Research, 32(10), 1234-1238. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2017.1331227
• Naghibi, F., Mosaddegh, M., Motamed, S. M., Ghorbani, A. (2005). Labiatae family in folk medicine in Iran: From ethnobotany to pharmacology. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 4(2), 63-79. https://doi.org/10.22037/ijpr.2010.619
• Najafabadi, S. S. M., Bagheri, A., Siahooei, M. A., Zamani, H., Goodarzi, A. (2018). Effects of Thyme and rosemary essential oils on population growth parameters of Macrosiphum rosae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on cut flower rose. Journal of Crop Protection, 7(1), 51-63
• Özyiğit, I. I., Kahraman, M. V., Ercan, O. (2007). Relation between explant age, total phenols and regeneration response in tissue cultured cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). African Journal Biotechnology, 6(1), 3–8.
• Sarıkaya, A. G. (2019). Leaf and flower volatile oil components of two tyme Taxa Origanum onites L. and Thymbra spicata var. spicata L. in Turkey. European Journal of Science and Technology Society for Enology and Viticulture, 17, 346–350. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.618187
• Sayed, S., Soliman, M. M., Al-Otaibi, S., Hassan, M.M., Elarrnaouty, S. A., Abozeid, S. M., El-Shehawi, A. M. (2022). Article toxicity, deterrent and repellent activities of four essential oils on aphis punicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Plants,11, 460-463. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11030463
• Sertkaya, E., Kamuran, K., Soylu, S. (2010). Acaricidal activities of the essential oils from several medicinal plants against the carmine spider mite (Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisd.) (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Industrial Crops and Products, 31(1),107-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2009.09.009
• Semiz, G., Çelik, G., Gönen, E., Semiz, A. (2016). Essential oil composition, antioxidant activity and phenolic content of endemic Teucrium alyssifolium Staph. (Lamiaceae). Natural Product Research, 30(19), 2225–2229. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2016.1149703
• Semiz, G., Semiz, A., Mercan-Doğan, N. (2018). Essential oil composition, total phenolic content, antioxidant and antibiofilm activities of four Origanum species from southeastern Turkey. International Journal of Food Properties, 21, 209–219. https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2018.1440240
• Tokel, D. (2021). Dünya pamuk tarımı ve ekonomiye katkısı. Manas Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 10(2), 1694-7215. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.858702
• Tukey, J.W. (1949). Comparing individual means in the analyses of variance. Biometrics, 5, 99-114. https://doi.org/10.2307/3001913
• Wang, C.F., Yang, K., You, C.X., Zhang, W.J., Guo, S.S., Geng, Z.F., Du, S.S., Wang, Y.Y. (2015). Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of essential oils from Zanthoxylum dissitum leaves and roots against three species of storage pests. Molecules, 20(5), 7990-7999. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20057990
• Yılar, M., Bayan, Y. (2018). Antifungal activity of Thymbra spicata L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oils against Monilinia fructigena Honey in Whetze. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 121. https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.421344
• Yiğit, Ş., Akça, İ., Bayhan, E., Bayhan, S., Tekin, F., Saruhan, İ. (2019). Determining the toxicity of some thyme essential oils against the pine processionary [Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae)]. Atatürk Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 50(3), 226-230. https://doi.org/10.17097/ataunizfd.518352
• Zhang, Z., Pang, X., Guo, S., Cao, J., Wang, Y., Chen, Z., Feng, Y., Lei, N., Du, S. (2019). Insecticidal activity of Artemisia frigida Willd. essential oil and its constituents against three stored product insects. Records of Natural Products, 13(2), 176-181. http://doi.org/10.25135/rnp.91.18.06.114