Uluslararası Hukukun Sorgulanması: Otorite, Uygulanabilirlik, İcra, Güç Dengesi ve Adalet Açmazları

Öz

Bu makale, uluslararası hukukun varlığına yönelik eleştirileri incelemekte ve tartışmaktadır. Makale, uluslararası hukukun tanımını ve amacını ele alarak başlar ve ardından eleştirilerin temel sebeplerini, detaylı incelemelerini ve alternatif yaklaşımları sunar. Temel eleştiriler, egemen devletlerin üstünde bir otorite eksikliği, uygulanabilirlik ve uyum sorunları, icra ve yaptırım eksikliği, devletlerin çıkarları ve güç dengeleri ile küresel adalet ve eşitsizlikler olarak belirlenmiştir. “Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro” ve “Thomas Lubanga Dyilo” davaları, uluslararası hukukun icra ve yaptırım eksikliği konusunda önemli tartışmalara yol açmıştır. Makale, eleştirilerin ayrıntılı incelemesinde, egemen devletlerin rızasına dayalı hukuk, egemen eşitliği ilkesi, farklı hukuk sistemleri ve değerler, uluslararası mahkemelerin etkisizliği ve yaptırım mekanizmalarının sınırlılığı gibi konulara değinir. Eleştirilere yanıt olarak, uluslararası hukukun geliştirilmesi ve reformu, bölgesel ve çok taraflı işbirliği, sivil toplum örgütlerinin ve uluslararası örgütlerin rolü ve adil ve eşitlikçi bir dünya düzeni için çözüm önerileri sunulmaktadır. Sonuç bölümünde, eleştirilerin değerlendirmesi ve uluslararası hukukun önemi ve geleceği üzerine düşünceler aktarılarak makale sonlandırılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Uluslararası Hukuk
• Otorite
• Uygulanabilirlik
• İcra
• Güç Dengesi ve Adalet Açmazları

Questioning International Law: Authority, Applicability, Execution, Balance of Power and Justice Dilemmas

Öz

This article examines and discusses criticisms of the existence of international law. The article begins by addressing the definition and purpose of international law, followed by presenting the main reasons for the criticisms, detailed examinations, and alternative approaches. The key criticisms are identified as the lack of an authority above sovereign states, issues of applicability and compatibility, shortcomings in enforcement and sanctions, states’ interests and power balances, and global justice and inequalities. The article delves into detailed examination of the criticisms, touching upon topics such as consent-based law of sovereign states, the principle of sovereign equality, different legal systems and values, the ineffectiveness of international courts, and the limitations of sanction mechanisms. In response to the criticisms, the article offers solutions for the development and reform of international law, regional and multilateral cooperation, the role of civil society organizations and international institutions, and proposals for a fair and equitable world order. In the conclusion section, the evaluation of the criticisms and thoughts on the importance and future of international law are presented, bringing the article to a close.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• : International Law
• Authority
• Applicability
• Execution
• Balance of Power
• Justice Dilemmas.

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