Impact of Institutional Quality on Youth Unemployment in Nigeria: A Comparative Analysis of Male and Female Youths

Öz

This paper investigates the influence of institutional quality on youth unemployment in Nigeria, focusing on gender differences among male and female youths, using annual data from 1991 to 2023. Institutional quality is measured through political rights and civil liberties, and the analysis employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The findings reveal that, in the long run, improved political rights are associated with a 0.93% increase in female youth unemployment, highlighting structural challenges that disproportionately affect women. Conversely, enhanced civil liberties contribute to a 0.56% reduction in female youth unemployment, underscoring their importance in fostering equitable employment opportunities. In the short run, better political rights correlate with a 0.39% decrease in female youth unemployment and a 0.25% reduction in overall youth unemployment. Results for male youths were not statistically significant in both the long- and short-run. These findings emphasise the critical role of institutional reforms and governance frameworks in addressing gender disparities and promoting labour market equity to combat youth unemployment effectively in Nigeria.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Institutional Quality
• Youth Unemployment
• Male Youth Unemployment
• Female Youth Unemployment
• Nigeria

Kurumsal Kalitenin Nijerya'daki Genç İşsizliği Üzerindeki Etkisi: Erkek ve Kadın Gençlerin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi

Öz

Bu çalışma, 1991-2023 yılları arasındaki verileri kullanarak, Nijerya'daki genç işsizliğinin üzerinde kurumsal kalitenin etkisini incelemekte ve erkek ve kadın gençler arasındaki cinsiyet farklılıklarına odaklanmaktadır. Kurumsal kalite, siyasi haklar ve medeni özgürlükler aracılığıyla ölçülmekte olup analizde Otoregresif Dağıtılmış Gecikme (ARDL) modeli kullanılmaktadır. Bulgular, uzun vadede iyileştirilmiş siyasi hakların kadın genç işsizliğinde %0,93'lik bir artışla ilişkili olduğunu ve kadınları orantısız bir şekilde etkileyen yapısal zorlukları ortaya koyduğunu göstermektedir. Öte yandan, gelişmiş medeni özgürlükler kadın genç işsizliğinde %0,56'lük bir azalmaya katkıda bulunarak eşit istihdam fırsatlarının teşvik edilmesindeki önemini vurgulamaktadır. Kısa vadede, daha güçlü siyasi haklar kadın genç işsizliğinde %0,39 ve genel genç işsizliğinde %0,25 oranında bir azalma ile ilişkilidir. Erkek gençler için elde edilen sonuçlar hem uzun hem de kısa vadede istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildir. Bu bulgular, Nijerya'da genç işsizliğiyle etkili bir şekilde mücadele etmek için toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliğini azaltmada ve işgücü piyasasında eşitliği teşvik etmede kurumsal reformların ve yönetişim çerçevelerinin kritik rolünü vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kurumsal Kalite
• Genç İşsizliği
• Erkek Genç İşsizliği
• Kadın Genç İşsizliği
• Nijerya

Kaynakça

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