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Post-Sovyet Sonrası Liberalleşme: Gül Devrimi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 14 - 25, 05.06.2025

Öz

Sovyetler Birliği'nin dağılmasının ardından, Batı dünyası Doğu Avrupa, Kafkasya ve Orta Asya gibi Rusya’nın etkisi altındaki bölgelere yönelik stratejik çıkarlarını artırmıştır. Bu bölgelerde Batı yanlısı değişim süreçlerini destekleyen Batılı devletler, Rusya'nın nüfuzunu sınırlandırmayı hedeflemiştir. Gürcistan'da 2003 yılında gerçekleşen kansız Gül Devrimi, bu değişim çabalarının en belirgin örneklerinden biri olarak, ülkenin jeopolitik önemi ve Batı ile ilişkileri açısından yeni bir dönemin kapılarını aralamıştır. Bu çalışma, Gül Devrimi’nin ortaya çıkış nedenlerini, süreçte rol oynayan iç ve dış aktörleri ve devrimin bölgesel güvenlik üzerindeki etkilerini liberal ve realist perspektiflerden analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Gürcistan’ın demokratikleşme süreci, Batı ile kurduğu yakın ilişkiler ve bu ilişkilerin Rusya ile olan gerilimlere yansımaları, bu kapsamda değerlendirilmektedir. Çalışma, Gürcistan’ın demokratikleşme çabasının Avrasya güvenlik dengeleri üzerindeki uzun vadeli etkilerini ortaya koymayı hedeflemektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Allison, R. (2004). Russia, Regional Conflict, And The Use Of Military Power. The Journal of International Affairs, 80(1), 121-135.
  • Allison, R. (2008). Russia Resurgent? Moscow's Campaign To 'Coerce Georgia To Peace'. International Affairs, 84(6), 1145-1171.
  • Asmus, R. D. (2010). A Little War That Shook The World: Georgia, Russia, And The Future Of The West. Londra: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Cornell, S. E. (2007). Georgia After The Rose Revolution: Geopolitical Predicament And İmplications For U.S. Policy. Strategic Studies Institute.
  • Çelikpala, M. (2012). Başarısız Devlet-Demokratik Model Ülke Sarmalında Gürcistan’ın 20 Yılı. USAK Dergisi, 7(14), 1-35.
  • Delcour, L. (2011). The European Union's Eastern Partnership: A New Opportunity For The Neighbours? Londra: Routledge.
  • Fairbanks, C. H. (2004). Georgia's Rose Revolution. Journal of Democracy, 15(2), 110-124.
  • Fukuyama, F. (1992). The End Of History And The Last Man. New York: Free Press.
  • Gogolashvili, K. (2006). The Rose Revolution And İts İmpact On Georgia’s Political Development. Caucasus Institute For Peace, Democracy And Development.
  • Huntington, S. P. (1996). The Clash Of Civilizations And The Remaking Of World Order. New York: Simon & Schuster.
  • Jones, S. F. (2013). Georgia: A Political History Since İndependence. Londra: I.B. Tauris.
  • Kantarcı, Ş. (2011). Kafkasya’da Etnik Çatışmalar Ekseninde Güney Osetya Sorunu. In C. Veliev & A. Aslanlı (Eds.), Güney Kafkasya: Toprak Bütünlüğü, Jeopolitik Mücadeleler Ve Enerji (ss. 45-63). Ankara: Berikan Yayınevi. King, C. (2001). The Ghost Of Freedom: A History Of The Caucasus. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Mitchell, L. A. (2004). Georgia's Rose Revolution. Current History, 103(675), 340-347.
  • Mitchell, L. A. (2009). Uncertain Democracy: U.S. Foreign Policy And Georgia's Rose Revolution. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
  • Papava, V. (2006). Post-Soviet Georgia: Economic And Political Challenges. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 47(1), 21-32.
  • Papava, V. (2009). Economic Reforms İn Post-Revolutionary Georgia: The Strengths And Weaknesses Of Economic Transformation. Problems of Economic Transition, 52(2), 45-62.
  • Popescu, N. (2013). The EU And İts Eastern Neighbours: Towards A More Ambitious Partnership? Londra: European Institute.
  • Risse, T. (2021). Pandemics And The Crisis Of Liberal World Order. International Politics, 58(1), 10-22.
  • Sarıkaya, G., & Çoban, F. (2014). V. Karadeniz Uluslararası Sempozyumu: Tarihi Ve Güncel Siyasal Konular: Görüşler & Öneriler (ss. 112-130). Ankara: Karadeniz Stratejik Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi.
  • Suny, R. G. (1994). The Making Of The Georgian Nation. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
  • Transparency International. (2004). Global Corruption Report 2004. Berlin: Transparency International.
  • Tsygankov, A. P. (2010). Russia's Foreign Policy: Change And Continuity İn National İdentity. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
  • Tudoroiu, T. (2007). Rose, Orange, And Tulip: The Failed Post-Soviet Revolutions. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 40(3), 315-342.
  • USAID. (2006). Economic Reforms And Challenges İn Georgia. Washington: USAID Reports.
  • Wheatley, J. (2005). Georgia From National Awakening To Rose Revolution: Delayed Transition İn The Former Soviet Union. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing.
  • World Bank. (1997). Georgia: Transition And Reform. Washington: World Bank Publications.
  • World Bank. (2006). Georgia Poverty Assessment. Washington: World Bank Publications.
  • World Bank. (2008). Doing Business 2008: Comparing Regulation İn 178 Economies. Washington: World Bank Publications.

Post-Soviet Liberalization: The Rose Revolution

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 14 - 25, 05.06.2025

Öz

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Western world increased its strategic interest in regions under Russian influence, such as Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, and Central Asia. Western states aimed to limit Russia’s influence by supporting pro-Western transformation processes in these areas. The 2003 Rose Revolution in Georgia, a bloodless revolution, is one of the most prominent examples of these efforts, marking the beginning of a new era in terms of Georgia’s geopolitical significance and its relations with the West. This study aims to analyze the causes of the Rose Revolution, the internal and external actors involved, and its impact on regional security from liberal and realist perspectives. The democratization process in Georgia, its closer ties with the West, and the resulting tensions with Russia are examined within this context. The study seeks to reveal the long-term impacts of Georgia’s democratization efforts on Eurasian security dynamics.

Kaynakça

  • Allison, R. (2004). Russia, Regional Conflict, And The Use Of Military Power. The Journal of International Affairs, 80(1), 121-135.
  • Allison, R. (2008). Russia Resurgent? Moscow's Campaign To 'Coerce Georgia To Peace'. International Affairs, 84(6), 1145-1171.
  • Asmus, R. D. (2010). A Little War That Shook The World: Georgia, Russia, And The Future Of The West. Londra: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Cornell, S. E. (2007). Georgia After The Rose Revolution: Geopolitical Predicament And İmplications For U.S. Policy. Strategic Studies Institute.
  • Çelikpala, M. (2012). Başarısız Devlet-Demokratik Model Ülke Sarmalında Gürcistan’ın 20 Yılı. USAK Dergisi, 7(14), 1-35.
  • Delcour, L. (2011). The European Union's Eastern Partnership: A New Opportunity For The Neighbours? Londra: Routledge.
  • Fairbanks, C. H. (2004). Georgia's Rose Revolution. Journal of Democracy, 15(2), 110-124.
  • Fukuyama, F. (1992). The End Of History And The Last Man. New York: Free Press.
  • Gogolashvili, K. (2006). The Rose Revolution And İts İmpact On Georgia’s Political Development. Caucasus Institute For Peace, Democracy And Development.
  • Huntington, S. P. (1996). The Clash Of Civilizations And The Remaking Of World Order. New York: Simon & Schuster.
  • Jones, S. F. (2013). Georgia: A Political History Since İndependence. Londra: I.B. Tauris.
  • Kantarcı, Ş. (2011). Kafkasya’da Etnik Çatışmalar Ekseninde Güney Osetya Sorunu. In C. Veliev & A. Aslanlı (Eds.), Güney Kafkasya: Toprak Bütünlüğü, Jeopolitik Mücadeleler Ve Enerji (ss. 45-63). Ankara: Berikan Yayınevi. King, C. (2001). The Ghost Of Freedom: A History Of The Caucasus. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Mitchell, L. A. (2004). Georgia's Rose Revolution. Current History, 103(675), 340-347.
  • Mitchell, L. A. (2009). Uncertain Democracy: U.S. Foreign Policy And Georgia's Rose Revolution. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
  • Papava, V. (2006). Post-Soviet Georgia: Economic And Political Challenges. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 47(1), 21-32.
  • Papava, V. (2009). Economic Reforms İn Post-Revolutionary Georgia: The Strengths And Weaknesses Of Economic Transformation. Problems of Economic Transition, 52(2), 45-62.
  • Popescu, N. (2013). The EU And İts Eastern Neighbours: Towards A More Ambitious Partnership? Londra: European Institute.
  • Risse, T. (2021). Pandemics And The Crisis Of Liberal World Order. International Politics, 58(1), 10-22.
  • Sarıkaya, G., & Çoban, F. (2014). V. Karadeniz Uluslararası Sempozyumu: Tarihi Ve Güncel Siyasal Konular: Görüşler & Öneriler (ss. 112-130). Ankara: Karadeniz Stratejik Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi.
  • Suny, R. G. (1994). The Making Of The Georgian Nation. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
  • Transparency International. (2004). Global Corruption Report 2004. Berlin: Transparency International.
  • Tsygankov, A. P. (2010). Russia's Foreign Policy: Change And Continuity İn National İdentity. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
  • Tudoroiu, T. (2007). Rose, Orange, And Tulip: The Failed Post-Soviet Revolutions. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 40(3), 315-342.
  • USAID. (2006). Economic Reforms And Challenges İn Georgia. Washington: USAID Reports.
  • Wheatley, J. (2005). Georgia From National Awakening To Rose Revolution: Delayed Transition İn The Former Soviet Union. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing.
  • World Bank. (1997). Georgia: Transition And Reform. Washington: World Bank Publications.
  • World Bank. (2006). Georgia Poverty Assessment. Washington: World Bank Publications.
  • World Bank. (2008). Doing Business 2008: Comparing Regulation İn 178 Economies. Washington: World Bank Publications.
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Siyaset Bilimi (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Şeyma Kalyoncu İlhan 0000-0001-6260-2072

Gönderilme Tarihi 21 Kasım 2024
Kabul Tarihi 13 Şubat 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 5 Haziran 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Kalyoncu İlhan, Ş. (2025). Post-Sovyet Sonrası Liberalleşme: Gül Devrimi. Ünye İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(1), 14-25.