Uluslararası Barış ve Güvenlik: Nükleer Silahların Yayılmasının Önlenmesi Anlaşması

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 41 - 56, 10.01.2026

Fatih Yaşar , Yunus Emre Karaca

https://doi.org/10.62334/ulipod.1822759

Öz

Uluslararası barış ve güvenlik tarih boyunca birçok tehdit kaynağı tarafından tehlikeye atılmıştır. Geleneksel olarak, savaşlar ve çatışmalar ana tehdit kaynağı olarak işaret edilmiştir. Ancak, organize suçlar, her tür ayrımcılık, gelir adaletsizliği, doğal veya insan kaynaklı felaketler, salgın hastalıklar gibi geleneksel olmayan tehdit kaynakları bulunmaktadır çünkü toplumlar bunlar tarafından istikrarsızlaştırılabilir. Bu makale, uluslararası barış ve güvenliği küresel yönetişim bağlamında Nükleer Silahların Yayılmasının Önlenmesi Anlaşmasını ele alarak incelemektedir. Makale, nükleer silahların sınır aşırı karakteri nedeniyle küresel yönetişimin önemli bir meselesi ve uluslararası barış ve güvenliğe ciddi bir tehdit olduğunu öne sürmektedir. Dolayısıyla, bu sorunu aşmak için devletler ve toplumlar arasında ortak eylemler gerekmektedir. Makale ayrıca, anlaşmanın meşru ve hukuki nükleer devletleri belirleyen maddeleri göz önüne alındığında adil olmasa da anlaşmanın genel itibariyle tarafların anlaşmaya bağlılığı dikkate alındığında etkili olduğunu iddia etmektedir. Bu çalışma ilk olarak, küresel yönetişim (özellikle uluslararası barış ve güvenlik) ve nükleer silahlar arasındaki bağlantıya göz atmaktadır. Daha sonra, anlaşmayı mümkün kılan dinamikleri ve anlaşmanın hedeflerini incelemektedir. Bunun ardından, makale anlaşmanın bugüne kadarki etkililiğini ve rejimini genel olarak değerlendirmektedir. Son olarak, çalışma anlaşmanın geleceğine ve önerilere değinmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Uluslararası Barış ve Güvenlik , Küresel Yönetişim , Nükleer Silahların Yayılmasının Önlenmesi Anlaşması

International Peace and Security: The Non-Proliferation Treaty on Nuclear Weapons

Öz

International peace and security have been endangered by various sources of threats throughout the history. Conventionally, wars and conflicts have been pointed out as main source of threat. Yet, there have been unconventional sources of threats such as organised crimes, all kinds of discriminations, inequality of income, natural or human-made disasters, and contagious diseases because societies can be destabilised by them. This article examines international peace and security by looking at the Non-Proliferation Treaty on Nuclear Weapons in the context of global governance. The article argues that nuclear weapons pose a significant threat to international peace and security and is a remarkable issue of global governance because of their trans-boundary character. So, collective actions among states and societies are required to overcome this problem. The study also claims that the treaty has generally been effective regarding parties’ adherence to it although it is not a fair treaty considering its article related to legal and legitimate nuclear states. This study, firstly, looks at the link between global governance (especially international peace and security) and nuclear weapons. Then, it examines dynamics led to the treaty and its goals. After that, the article evaluates generally its effectiveness and regime until today. Lastly, the study touches on its future and recommendations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

International Peace and Security , Global Governance , The Non-Proliferation Treaty on Nuclear Weapons

Kaynakça

• Davenport, K. (2018). “Chronology of Libya’s Disarmament and Relations with the United States”, https://www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/LibyaChronology, (Accessed: 25.07.2025).
• Freedman, L. D. (2020). “Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons”, https://www.britannica.com/event/Treaty-on-the-Non-proliferation-of-Nuclear-Weapons, (Accessed: 01.07.2025).
• History (2017). “Atomic Bomb History”, https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/atomic-bomb-history, (Accessed: 01.06.2025).
• History, Art and Archives of U.S. House of Representatives (n.d.). “ABZUG, Bella Savitzky”, https://history.house.gov/People/Detail/8276, (Accessed: 15.08.2025).
• Hürriyet (2020). “ABD’de Siber Saldırı Alarmı! Nükleer Silah Sırları Çalındı mı?”, https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/dunya/abdde-siber-saldiri-alarmi-nukleer-silah-sirlari-calindi-mi-41692727, (Accessed: 20.08.2025).
• Hymans, J. E. C. (2006). “Theories of Nuclear Proliferation: The State of the Field”, The Nonproliferation Review, 13(3), 455-465.
• Hymans, J. E. C. (2013). “The Threat of Nuclear Proliferation: Perception and Reality”, Ethics and International Affairs, 27(3), 281-298.
• Kirshner, J. (2010). “The Tragedy of Offensive Realism: Classical Realism and the Rise of China”, European Journal of International Relations, 18(1), 53-75.
• Krasner, S. D. (1982). “Structural Causes and Regime Consequences: Regimes as Intervening Variables”, International Organization, 36(2), 185-205.
• Mearsheimer, J. J. (2019). “Bound to Fail: The Rise and Fall of the Liberal International Order”, International Security, 43(4), 7-50.
• Nuclear Suppliers Group [NSG] (2025a). “About the NSG”, https://www.nuclearsuppliersgroup.org/index.php/en/about/about-the-nsg, (Accessed: 25.07.2025).
• Nuclear Suppliers Group [NSG] (2025b). “Participants”, https://www.nuclearsuppliersgroup.org/index.php/en/about/participants, (Accessed: 25.07.2025).
• Nuclear Threat Initiative [NTI] (2025a). “Iraq”, https://www.nti.org/countries/iraq/, (Accessed: 25.08.2025).
• Nuclear Threat Initiative [NTI] (2025b). “Libya”, https://www.nti.org/countries/libya/, (Accessed: 25.07.2025).
• Nuclear Threat Initiative [NTI] (2025c). “Syria”, https://www.nti.org/countries/syria/, (Accessed: 25.07.2025).
• Nuclear Threat Initiative [NTI] (2025d). “North Korea”, https://www.nti.org/countries/north-korea/, (Accessed: 22.11.2025).
• Nuclear Threat Initiative [NTI] (2025e). “Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT)”, https://www.nti.org/learn/treaties-and-regimes/treaty-on-the-non-proliferation-of-nuclear-weapons/, (Accessed: 01.07.2025).
• Nuclear Threat Initiative [NTI] (2025f). “Iran”, https://www.nti.org/countries/iran/, (Accessed: 01.07.2025).
• Sander, O. (2017). Siyasi Tarih 1918-1994, Ankara: İmge Kitabevi.
• Simpson, K. (2016). U.S. Nuclear Diplomacy with Iran: From the War on Terror to the Obama Administration, London: Rowman & Littlefield.
• The International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons [ICAN] (n.d.). “The Road to a World Free of Nuclear Weapons”, https://www.icanw.org/nuclear_weapons_history, (Accessed: 01.08.2025).
• The UN Digital Library (1991). “Security Council Resolution 687: Iraq-Kuwait”, https://www.un.org/depts/unmovic/documents/687.pdf, (Accessed: 25.07.2025).
• The UN Digital Library (1992). “Resolution 731”, https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/135677?v=pdf, (Accessed: 25.07.2025).
• The UN Digital Library (2003). “Resolution 1483”, https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/495555?v=pdf, (Accessed: 25.06.2025).
• The UN Digital Library (2006). “Resolution 1696”, https://main.un.org/securitycouncil/en/s/res/1696-%282006%29, (Accessed: 25.07.2025).
• The UN Office for Disarmament Affairs (n.d.). “Democratic People’s Republic of Korea: Accession to Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT)”, http://disarmament.un.org/treaties/a/npt/democraticpeoplesrepublicofkorea/acc/moscow, (Accessed: 22.11.2025).
• UN (2010). “S/RES/1929 (2010)”, https://www.un.org/securitycouncil/s/res/1929-%282010%29, (Accessed: 25.07.2025).
• UN (2015). “Resolution 2231 (2015) on Iran Nuclear Issue”, https://www.un.org/securitycouncil/content/2231/background, (Accessed: 25.12.2024).
• UN (2025a). “International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons”, https://www.un.org/en/observances/nuclear-weapons-elimination-day, (Accessed: 01.07.2025).
• UN (2025b). “Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT)”, https://disarmament.unoda.org/en/our-work/weapons-mass-destruction/nuclear-weapons/treaty-non-proliferation-nuclear-weapons, (Accessed: 01.07.2025).
• UN (2025c). “Nuclear Weapons”, https://disarmament.unoda.org/en/our-work/weapons-mass-destruction/nuclear-weapons, (Accessed: 01.07.2025).
• UN (2025d). “United Nations Charter, Chapter VII: Action with Respect to Threats to the Peace, Breaches of the Peace, and Acts of Aggression”, https://www.un.org/en/about-us/un-charter/chapter-7, (Accessed: 01.07.2025).
• UNODA (2025). “Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons”, http://disarmament.un.org/treaties/t/npt, (Accessed: 25.07.2025).
• Weiss, T. G. and Wilkinson, R. (2014). “Rethinking Global Governance? Complexity, Authority, Power, Change”, International Studies Quarterly, 58(1), 207-215.
• Yaşar, F. and Doğan, M. (2023). “(In)securitising post-Soviet Space through Security Policies: Russian and the Western Concerns on the Colour Revolutions in Ukraine and Georgia”, Gazi Akademik Bakış, 17(33), 295–318.