COVID-19 NEDENİYLE BİR PANDEMİ HASTANESİNE BAŞVURAN HASTALARIN SOSYO DEMOGRAFİK ÖZELLİKLERİNİN YATIŞ VE ÖLÜM ORANLARININ İNCELENMESİ

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 67 - 77, 31.12.2021

Dilek Şahin Buket Oğuz Alramazanoğlu

Öz

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı COVID-19 nedeniyle bir pandemi hastanesine başvuran hastaların
sosyo-demografik özelliklerinin, yatış ve ölüm oranlarının incelenmesidir. Bu araştırma retrospektif ve
tanımlayıcı nitelikte bir araştırmadır. Araştırma pandemide ikinci dalganın yaşandığı ve Sakarya
Yenikent Devlet Hastanesinin pandemi hastanesi olarak hizmet verdiği 01.11.2020 ve 31.01.2021
tarihleri arasındaki dönemi kapsamaktadır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre erkek hasta sayısının kadınlardan
daha fazla olduğu, ileri yaşın servise yatış ve ölüm riskini artırdığı, yatan hastalarda yatış gün sayısı ile
yaş grupları arasında ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılığın olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır
(p<0.05). Günlük ortalama 161 hasta ayakta COVID-19 şüphesi ile hastaneye müracaat etmiştir. Üç
aylık dilimde ayaktan başvuran toplam 14.679 hastanın %0,6’sının yabancı uyruklu, %2,5’u prim borcu
olduğu, %8,1’ine yatış verildiği ve %0,1’nin acil serviste öldüğü belirlenmiştir. COVID -19 servisinde
yatan toplam 1070 hastanın ortalama 8,69 gün yatış yaptığı, %0,6’sının yabancı uyruklu olduğu ve
%98,2’sinin Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu’na tabi olduğu saptanmıştır. Servisteki ölüm oranı %1,4 ve
taburcu olma durumu %81,7 olarak bulunmuştur. COVID-19 yoğun bakım servisinde ortalama yatış
gün sayısı 8,64’tür, ölüm oranı ise %49,1’dir. Yoğun bakım servisinde yatanların da %97,3’ü Sosyal
Güvenlik Kurumu’na tabi iken %0,3’ü yabancı uyruklu hastadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, Pandemi Hastanesi, Sosyo-Demografik Özellikler, Yatış Oranı, Ölüm Oranı.

INVESTIGATION OF THE SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS HOSPITALIZATION AND DEATH RATE OF PATIENTS APPLIED TO A PANDEMIC HOSPITAL DUE TO COVID-19

Öz

The main purpose of this study is to examine the socio-demographic characteristics, hospitalization
and death rates of patients admitted to a pandemic hospital due to COVID-19. This research is a
retrospective and descriptive study. The research covers the period between 01.11.2020 and 31.01.2021,
when the second wave of the pandemic was experienced, and Sakarya Yenikent State Hospital served
as a pandemic hospital. According to the results of the study, it was concluded that the number of male
patients was higher than females, advanced age increased the risk of hospitalization and death, and there
was no statistically significant difference between the number of hospitalization days and age groups in
hospitalized patients (p<0.05). An average of 161 outpatients per day applied to the hospital with the
suspicion of COVID-19. It was determined that 0.6% of the 14,679 outpatients admitted in the three
month period were foreign nationals, 2.5% had premium debts, 8.1% were hospitalized and 0.1% died
in the emergency room. It was determined that a total of 1070 patients hospitalized in the COVID-19
service were hospitalized for an average of 8.69 days, 0.6% were foreign nationals and 98.2% were
subject to the Social Security Institution. The mortality rate in the service was found to be 1.4% and the
discharge rate was 81.7%. The average number of days of hospitalization in the COVID-19 intensive
care unit is 8.64, and the death rate is 49.1%. 97.3% of those hospitalized in the intensive care unit are
subject to the Social Security Institution, and 0.3% are foreign nationals.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, Pandemic Hospital, Socio-Demographic Characteristics, Hospitalization Rate, Death Rate.

Kaynakça

• Akbudak, İ. H. (2021). Covid-19 Enfeksiyonu Tanısı ile Yoğun Bakımda Takip Edilen Kritik Hastaların Retrospektif Değerlendirilmesi: Tek Merkez Deneyimi. Pamukkale Medical Journal, 14(2), 438–442. https://doi.org/10.31362/patd.848721
• Banumathi, P. G., Sujatha, S., & Murugan, A. A. (2020). Demographic and Clinical Status of Covid-19 Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu: an Observational Study. Journal of Clınıcal and Dıagnostıc Research, 19–22. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2020/47012.14343
• Çağatay, A., Arslan, Ü., & Yılmaz, S. (2021). The Effect of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Health Services (Evaluation of Health Statistics of OECD Countries). International Scientific and Vocational Studies Journal, 5(218), 218–229. https://doi.org/10.47897/bilmes.1035948
• Dikmen, A. U., Budak, S. N., Budak, B., Özkan, S., & Ilhan, M. N. (2020). COVID-19 Salgınında Savunmasiz Gruplardan Biri: Göçmenler. Gazi Medical Journal, 31(2A), 328–330. https://doi.org/10.12996/gmj.2020.80
• Dowd, J. B., Andriano, L., Brazel, D. M., Rotondi, V., Block, P., Ding, X., Liu, Y., & Mills, M. C. (2020). Demographic Science Aids in Understanding The Spread and Fatality Rates of COVID-19. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 117(18), 9696–9698. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2004911117
• Gebhard, C., Regitz-Zagrosek, V., Neuhauser, H. K., Morgan, R., & Klein, S. L. (2020). The impact of sex and gender on immunotherapy outcomes. Biology of sex differences, 11(1), 24. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13293-020-00301-y
• Hsiehchen, D., Espinoza, M., & Slovic, P. (2020). Political Partisanship and Mobility Restriction During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Public Health, 187, 111–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.08.009
• İşlek, E., Özatkan, Y., & Bİlİr, M. K. (2021). Türkiye’ de COVID-19 Pandemisi Yönetimi ve Sağlık Politikası Stratejileri. Türkiye Sağlık Enstitüleri Başkanlığı Dergisi, 4(2), 54–56.
• Jin, J. M., Bai, P., He, W., Wu, F., Liu, X.-F., Han, D.-M., Liu, S., & Yang, J.-K. (2020). Gender Differences in Patients with COVID-19: Focus on Severity and Mortality. Frontiers in Public Health, 8(April), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00152
• Kraemer, M. U. G., Yang, C. H., Gutierrez, B., Wu, C. H., Klein, B., Pigott, D. M., du Plessis, L., Faria, N. R., Li, R., Hanage, W. P., Brownstein, J. S., Layan, M., Vespignani, A., Tian, H., Dye, C., Cauchemez, S., Pybus, O. G., Scarpino, S. V., Xu, B., … O’Brien, K. (2020). The Effect of Human Mobility and Control Measures on the COVID-19 Epidemic in China. medRxiv, 497(May), 493–497. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.02.20026708
• Kulu, H., & Dorey, P. (2020). The Contribution of Age Structure to the Number of Deaths from Covid-19 in the UK By Geographical Units. medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.16.20067991
• Miró, Ò., Alquézar-Arbé, A., Llorens, P., Martín-Sánchez, F. J., Jiménez, S., Martín, A., Burillo-Putze, G., Jacob, J., García-Lamberetchs, E. J., Piñera, P., & González del Castillo, J. (2021). Comparison of the Demographic Characteristics and Comorbidities of Patients with COVID-19 who Died in Spanish Hospitals Based on Whether They Were or Were Not Admitted to an İntensive Care Unit. Medicina Intensiva (English Edition), 45(1), 14–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medine.2020.09.004
• Polat, Ö., Anaklı, İ., Alay, G. H., Çeliksoy, E., Tuna, V., Orhun, G., Kılıç, M., Mercan, M., Esen, F., Çağatay, A. A., & Özcan, P. E. (2020). Effect of Gender on the Inflammatory Markers in COVID-19 Patients. Turkish Journal of Intensive Care, 18(1), 14–21. https://doi.org/10.4274/tybd.galenos.2020.29292
• Sannigrahi, S., Pilla, F., Basu, B., Basu, A. S., & Molter, A. (2020). Examining the Association between Socio-Demographic Composition and COVID-19 Fatalities in the European Region Using Spatial Regression Approach. Sustainable Cities and Society, 62(102418), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102418
• Vekaria, B., Overton, C., Wiśniowski, A., Ahmad, S., Aparicio-Castro, A., Curran-Sebastian, J., Eddleston, J., Hanley, N. A., House, T., Kim, J., Olsen, W., Pampaka, M., Pellis, L., Ruiz, D. P., Schofield, J., Shryane, N., & Elliot, M. J. (2021). Hospital Length of Stay for COVID-19 Patients: Data-Driven Methods for Forward Planning. BMC Infectious Diseases, 21(1), 700. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06371-6
• Venkatesan, P. (2020). The Changing Demographics of COVID-19. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 8(12), e95. https://doi.org/10.1016/ S2213-2600(20)30461-6
• Wang, W., Tang, J., & Wei, F. (2020). Updated Understanding of the Outbreak of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019‐Ncov) in Wuhan, China. Journal of Medical Virology, 92(4), 441– 447. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25689
• World Health Organization, (2022). https://covid19.who.int/region/euro/country/tr, Erişim Tarihi: 18.01.2022.
• Williamson, E. J., Walker, A. J., Bhaskaran, K., Bacon, S., Bates, C., Morton, C. E., Curtis, H. J., Mehrkar, A., Evans, D., Inglesby, P., Cockburn, J., McDonald, H. I., MacKenna, B., Tomlinson, L., Douglas, I. J., Rentsch, C. T., Mathur, R., Wong, A. Y. S., Grieve, R., Goldacre, B. (2020). Factors Associated with COVID-19-related Death Using OpenSAFELY. Nature, 584(7821), 430–436. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020- 2521-4
• Yavuz, E. (2020). COVID-19 Aşıları. Turkish Journal of Family Practice, 24(4), 223–234. https://doi.org/10.15511/tahd.20.00427
• Yenimahalleli Yaşar, G. (2019). Genel Sağlık Sigortasının Tam Kapsayıcılık Düzeyi: On Yıllık Değerlendirme. Çalışma Ortamı, 162, 20–23.