Araştırma Makalesi

The Discussion of Political Islam and Democracy in Afghanistan

Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1 30 Aralık 2021
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The Discussion of Political Islam and Democracy in Afghanistan

Öz

Afghanistan is located in the heart of Asia with over 99% of the population Muslims, most of whom are conservative and religious. Islam had an influence on governance and politics in Afghanistan from the long past until the twentieth century and religion was an integral part of politics. From its establishment until the twentieth century, it was ruled by kings and Amanullah Khan is the first Afghan king who started moving toward modernism and democratic order in the 1920s. The role of religion in politics changed after Afghanistan’s independence from Britain gained by Amanullah Khan in 1919, and its reason was the reaction of some Mullahs and conservatives against Amanullah Khan's modern and democratic reforms with the provocation of foreigners, especially Britain. The second democratic wave in Afghanistan has seen in the years of 1963-1973, but could not continue as a result of coups, interventions, and wars caused by Islamists and communists. Political Islam movements emerged in Egypt and the Indian subcontinent via establishing social and political groups by some individuals as a reaction to the abolition of the caliphate in 1924 by Mustafa Kamal Ataturk, the new world order, and Muslim backwardness in various fields. Muslim Brotherhood of Egypt and Jamiat-e Islami of Mawdudi, who are known as predecessors of Islamist movements influenced politics in Afghanistan after the 1960s. Hasan al-Banna’s moderate ideas spread in the 1960s through Afghanistan Muslim Youth Organization’s leaders who were educated in Al-Azhar and returned to the country with the influence of the Muslim Brotherhood’s ideas about Islam, government, society, etc. Jamaat-e Islami of Mawdudi which formed in the Indian subcontinent in 1941 is another Islamic movement that influenced Afghan Islamists and Mawdudi’s ideas about the Islamic government became a basis for Afghan Islamists. Sayed Qutb influenced Afghan Islamists, especially radical Islamists through his ideas expressed in his ''ignorance'' theory, during the Afghan-Soviet battle in the 1980s. Afghanistan is a country with a long history of instability, and political Islam is one of the major players in the situation. This study aims to fill a gap in the literature area about political Islam and democracy in Afghanistan and their relation and influence on each other.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Anthony, G. (2000). The third way and its critics. Cambridge: Polity.
  2. Anwar, R. (1988). The tragedy of Afghanistan: a first-hand account. Verso Books.
  3. Berting, J. (2014). Siyasi Kriz Çağında Yaşamak (Çev. H. İnaç). İstanbul: Ka Kitap.
  4. Berting, J. (2018). Kimlik Siyaseti (Çev. H. İnaç). İstanbul: Bilge Kültür Sanat.
  5. Budak, A. (2019). Osmanlı Modernleşmesi Gazetecilik ve Edebiyat. İstanbul: Bilge Kültür Sanat
  6. Delanty, G. (2013). Avrupa’nın İcadı (Çev. H. İnaç). Ankara: Adres Yayınları.
  7. Hobsbawm, E. J. (2017). Milletler ve Milliyetçilik (Çev. O. Akınhay). İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  8. İnaç, H. (2003). Makro Toplumsal Kuramlar Açısından Postmodernizm. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 8: 341-351

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Uluslararası İlişkiler

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

30 Aralık 2021

Gönderilme Tarihi

20 Ekim 2021

Kabul Tarihi

29 Kasım 2021

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2021 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA
İnaç, H., & Asefı, J. (2021). The Discussion of Political Islam and Democracy in Afghanistan. Türkiye Politik Çalışmalar Dergisi, 1(1), 1-12. https://izlik.org/JA89GF53TA
AMA
1.İnaç H, Asefı J. The Discussion of Political Islam and Democracy in Afghanistan. Türkiye Politik Çalışmalar Dergisi. 2021;1(1):1-12. https://izlik.org/JA89GF53TA
Chicago
İnaç, Hüsamettin, ve Jawid Asefı. 2021. “The Discussion of Political Islam and Democracy in Afghanistan”. Türkiye Politik Çalışmalar Dergisi 1 (1): 1-12. https://izlik.org/JA89GF53TA.
EndNote
İnaç H, Asefı J (01 Aralık 2021) The Discussion of Political Islam and Democracy in Afghanistan. Türkiye Politik Çalışmalar Dergisi 1 1 1–12.
IEEE
[1]H. İnaç ve J. Asefı, “The Discussion of Political Islam and Democracy in Afghanistan”, Türkiye Politik Çalışmalar Dergisi, c. 1, sy 1, ss. 1–12, Ara. 2021, [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA89GF53TA
ISNAD
İnaç, Hüsamettin - Asefı, Jawid. “The Discussion of Political Islam and Democracy in Afghanistan”. Türkiye Politik Çalışmalar Dergisi 1/1 (01 Aralık 2021): 1-12. https://izlik.org/JA89GF53TA.
JAMA
1.İnaç H, Asefı J. The Discussion of Political Islam and Democracy in Afghanistan. Türkiye Politik Çalışmalar Dergisi. 2021;1:1–12.
MLA
İnaç, Hüsamettin, ve Jawid Asefı. “The Discussion of Political Islam and Democracy in Afghanistan”. Türkiye Politik Çalışmalar Dergisi, c. 1, sy 1, Aralık 2021, ss. 1-12, https://izlik.org/JA89GF53TA.
Vancouver
1.Hüsamettin İnaç, Jawid Asefı. The Discussion of Political Islam and Democracy in Afghanistan. Türkiye Politik Çalışmalar Dergisi [Internet]. 01 Aralık 2021;1(1):1-12. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA89GF53TA