Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu (PCR) Optimizasyonu

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 1, 31 - 38, 01.06.2013

Serpil Kahya Esra Buyukcangaz K. Tayfun Carlı

Öz

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that lies between two known chain enzymatically amplify a specific DNA region as an in vitro technique becoming common everyday. PCR method, used for many purposes such as diagnosis, epidemiology and studies to determine the amount of DNA, are still under development. Microbiology is taking a significant proportion in PCR usage, like innovations of application in other fields. Furthermore, PCR is the fundamental molecular method that being used today for many purposes in detection of human and animal pathogenic microorganisms. It is needed to optimization of PCR parameters of each gene, regardless even what was targeted. PCR may be required to perform it again, even between different instruments and laboratories. In this review, PCR application in microbiology, the preperation of main standards must be followed at all stages of PCR reagents and materials when PCR a designed, will be mentioned.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), microbiology, optimization.

Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu (PCR) Optimizasyonu

Öz

Polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR), bir deoksiribo nükleik asit (DNA) zincirinin bilinen iki parçası arasında uzanan özel bir DNA bölümünün enzimatik olarak çoğaltıldığı in vitro bir teknik olarak her geçen gün yaygınlaşmaktadır. PCR metodu, teşhis, epidemiyolojik ve DNA miktarı belirleme çalışmaları gibi birçok amaçla kullanılmakta ve geliştirilmeye devam edilmektedir. PCR’ın kullanıldığı tüm alanlarda meydana gelen gelişmelerden, mikrobiyoloji alanı da önemli oranda payını alarak gelişmeye devam etmektedir. İnsan ve hayvan kaynaklı patojenik mikroorganizmalar için pek çok amaçla kullanılan PCR aynı zamanda günümüzde kullanılan birçok moleküler metodun temelini oluşturmaktadır. Reaksiyon her ne amaçla çalışılırsa çalışılsın, her gen bölgesi için, kullanılacak reagent ve PCR parametrelerinin optimizasyonunun yapılması gerekmektedir. Hatta yapılan optimizasyonun, PCR’ın gerçekleştirileceği farklı aletler ve laboratuvarlar arasında bile tekrar yapılması gerekebilmektedir. Bu derlemede, kısaca PCR’ın mikrobiyolojide kullanımı, PCR dizayn edilirken ve PCR’ın tüm aşamalarında kullanılan reagentler ve malzemelerde uyulması gereken ana standartlardan bahsedilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR), mikrobiyoloji, optimizasyon.

Kaynakça

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