Süt Sığırlarında Önemli Mikotoksinler ve Etkileri

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 1, 59 - 64, 01.06.2011

Fatma Şahindokuyucu Firdevs Mor

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

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Süt Sığırlarında Önemli Mikotoksinler ve Etkileri

Öz

Mikotoksinler, Aspergillus, Penicillium ve Fusarium türü mantarlar tarafından sentezlenen zehirli metabolitlerdir. Mikotoksin oluşturan mantarlar dünyanın her tarafında mevcuttur. Yem ve yem hammaddelerinde çok sayıda mikotoksin doğal kirletici olarak bulunur. Süt sığırlarında risk oluşturan başlıca mikotoksinler; aflatoksinler, deoksinivalenol, T-2 toksin, zearalenon, fumonisin ve okratoksin A’dır. Sığırlar rumenlerinde mikotoksinleri parçalayabildikleri için, mikotoksinlere tek mideli hayvanlara göre daha dayanıklıdırlar. Mikotoksinler, süt sığırlarında sıklıkla süt veriminde azalma ve hastalık sıklığında artma gibi kronik zehirlenme belirtilerine sebep olurlar. Ayrıca aflatoksinler, T-2 toksin, deoksinivalenol, zearalenon ve okratoksin A süte geçer ve ekonomik kayıplara yol açarlar. Süt sığırlarında mikotoksikozis olgularının tanısı çok zordur, fakat mikotoksinler hastalık sıklığında artma ve süt veriminde azalma olduğunda muhtemel bir sebep olarak düşünülmelidir. Bu derlemede süt sığırlarında önemli olan mikotoksinler ve etkileri üzerinde durulmuştur

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mikotoksinler, Süt sığırı, Etki

Kaynakça

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