The Effect of Progesterone Based Ovsynch Protocol and GnRH Treatment after Artificial Insemination on Conception Rate in Repeat Breeder Cows

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 2, 65 - 70, 01.06.2010

Abdulkadir Keskin Ahmet Gümen Gülnaz Yılmazbaş - Mecitoğlu Ebru Karakaya Umut Taşdemir Yakup Çelik Hayrettin Okut

Öz

The aim of this study was to test the combined treatment protocol for improving fertility in repeat breeder cows by eliminating most of the hormonal etiological factors. Total 238 clinically healthy lactating dairy cows were included in the study; 175 dairy cows had more than three services (Repeat Breeder Cows) and 63 dairy cows had less than three services (Normal Cows). Ovsynch protocol was applied at random stages of the estrous cycle to all cows and exogenous progesterone (ear implant) was applied between GnRH and PGF2α of Ovsynch. In addition, GnRH was administrated seven days after artificial insemination (GnRH–progesterone– 7d–PGF2α–2d–GnRH–16h–AI–7d–GnRH). Response to the first GnRH of Ovsynch was greater (P<0.003) in repeat breeders (70.9%) than in normal cows (49.2%). However percentages of cows to responded to 2nd and 3rd GnRH were not different between groups (97.1%, 83.9% in repeat breeders and 98.4%, 87.1% in normal cows, respectively). Conception rates were similar at 31 and 62 d between groups (44.0%, 40.6% in repeat breeders and 47.6%, 42.9% in normal cows, respectively). In addition, embryonic loss was also similar in groups (7.8% in repeat breeders and 10.0% in normal cows). Thus, conception rate and response to hormonal treatments of the combined protocol except first GnRH were found to be similar in both repeat breeder and normal cows. So the combined protocol could be effective treatment for improving conception rate in repeat breeder cows. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Repeat breeder cow, Ovsynch, synchronization

Progesteron Tabanlı Ovsynch Protokolü ve Tohumlama Sonrası GnRH Uygulamasının Repeat Breeder İneklerde Gebelik Oranı Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı; repeat breeder ineklerde hormonal etiyolojik faktörleri elimine edecek, bir kombine tedavi protokolünü gebelik oranını artırmak için test etmekti. Klinik olarak sağlıklı, 175 inde üçten fazla (Repeat Breeder) ve 63 ünde üçten az suni tohumlaması (Normal) olan toplam 238 baş sağmal inek calışmaya dahil edildi. Tüm ineklere östrusun herhangi bir safhasında Ovsynch protokolü ve aynı zamanda Ovsynch`in GnRH ile PGF2α arasına ekzojen progesteron (kulak implantı) uygulandı. Bunun yanında tüm ineklere suni tohumlamadan
7 gün sonra GnRH uygulaması yapıldı (GnRH-kulak implantı-7gün- PGF2α-2gün-GnRH-16saat-ST-7günGnRH). Ovsynch`in ilk GnRH`ına yanıt, repeat breeder ineklerde (%70.9) normal ineklere (%49.2) göre daha yüksek saptandı (P<0.003). Bununla birlikte ikinci ve üçüncü GnRH`a yanıt bakımından gruplar arasında bir fark tespit edilmedi (sırasıyla, repeat breeder ineklerde %97.1, %83.9 ve normal ineklerde %98.4, %87.1). Otuz birinci ve 62. gün gebelik oranı iki grup arasında benzer saptandı (sırasıyla, repeat breeder ineklerde %44.0, %40.6 ve normal ineklerde %47.6, %42.9). İlave olarak embriyonik kayıp da gruplar arasında farklı bulunmadı (repeat breeder ineklerde %7.8 ve normal ineklerde %10.0). Sonuç olarak gebelik oranı ve birinci GnRH hariç kombine tedavi protokolünün hormon uygulamalarına alınan yanıt gruplar arasında benzer bulundu. Kombine tedavi protokolunun repeat breeder ineklerde gebelik oranını artırmak için kullanılabileceği sonucuna varıldı.   

Anahtar Kelimeler

Repeat breeder inek, Ovsynch, senkronizasyon

Kaynakça

• Amiridis, G.S., Tsiligianni, T., Dovolou, E., Rekkas, C., Vouzaras, D., Menegatos, I., 2009. Combined administration of gonadotropin- releasing hormone, progesterone, and meloxicam is an effective treatment for the repeat-breeder cow. Theriogenology, 72, 542-548.
• Ayalon N., 1978. A review of embryonic mortali- ty in cattle. J. Reprod. Fertil., 54, 483–493.
• Bage, R., Gustafsson, H., Larsson, B., Forsberg, M., Rodriguez- Martinez, H., 2002. Repeat breeding in dairy heifers: follicular dynamics and estrous cycle characteristics in relation to sexual hormone patterns. Theriogenology, 57, 2257–69.
• Bello N.M., Steibel, J.P., Pursley, J.R., 2006. Optimizing ovulation to first GnRH improved outcomes to each hormonal injection of Ovsynch in lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci., 89, 3413- 3424.
• Ferguson J.D., Galligan, D.T., Thomsen, N., 1994. Principal descriptors of body condition score in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci., 77, 2695- 2703.
• Folman Y., Kaim, M., Herz, Z., Rosenberg, M., 1990. Comparison of methods for the synchroni- zation of estrous cycles in dairy cows. 2. Effects of progesterone and parity on conception. J. Dairy Sci., 73, 2817-2825.
• Gaja, A.O., Hamana, K., Kubota, C., Kojima, T., 2008. Evaluation of the effect of a 3rd GnRH in- jection administered six days after the 2nd GnRH injection of Ovsynch on the reproductive perfor- mance of Japanese black cows. J. Vet. Sci., 9, 273-279.
• Galvao K.N., Santos J.E.P., 2010. Factors affect- ing synchronization and conception rate after the Ovsynch protocol in lactating Holstein dairy cows. Reprod. Dom. Anim., 45, 439-446.
• Galvao, K.N., Santos, J.E.P., Juchem, S.O., Cerri, R.L.A., Coscioni, A.C., Villansenor, M., 2004. Effect of addition of a progesterone intravaginal insert to a timed insemination protocol using es- tradiol cypionat on ovulation rate, pregnancy rate, and late embryonic loss in lactating dairy cows. J. Anim. Sci., 82, 3508-3517.
• Gustafsson, H., Larsson, K., Kindahl, H., Madej, A.C., 1986. Sequential endocrine changes and behaviour during oestrus and metoestrus in repeat breeder and virgin heifers. Anim. Reprod. Sci., 10, 261–273.
• Kasimanickam, R., Cornwell, J.M., Nebel, R.L., 2005. Fertility following fixed-time AI or inse- mination at observed estrus in Ovsynch and Heatsynch programs in lactating dairy cows. The- riogenology, 63, 2550-2559.
• Kendall NR, Flint, A.P.F., Mann, G.E., 2009. Incidence and treatment of inadequate postovula- tory progesterone concentrations in repeat breed- er cows. The Veterinary Journal, 181, 158-162.
• Kharche, S.D., Srivastava, S.K., 2007. Dose dependent effect of GnRH analogue on pregnan- cy rate of repeat breeder crossbred cows. Anim. Reprod. Sci., 99, 196-201.
• Kim, I.H., Suh, G.H., Hur, Y.T., Kang, S.J., Kang, H.G., Park, S.B., Kim, H.S., Kım I.H., 2007. Comprasion of two types of CIDR-based timed artificial protocols for repeat breeder dairy cows. J. Reprod. Dev., 53, 639-645.
• National Research Council. Nutrient require- ments of dairy cattle. 7th Rev Ed Natl Acad Sci Washington, DC, 2001.
• Pancarci, S.M., Gurbulak, K., Gungor, O., Orkun, D.O., Thatcher, W.W., 2008. Integration of CIDR in timed artificial insemination protocol in lactating dairy cows. Reprod. Dom. Anim., 43 (Supply 3), 57.
• Pursley, J.R., Mee, M.O., Wiltbank, M.C., 1995. Synchronization of ovulation in dairy cows using PGF and GnRH. Theriogenology, 44, 915–923.
• Rosenberg M., Kaim, M., Herz, Z., Folman, Y., 1990. Comparison of methods for the synchroni- zation of estrous cycles in dairy cows. 1. Effects on plasma progesterone and manifestation of es- trus. J. Dairy Sci., 73, 2807-2816.
• Santos, J.E.P., Thatcher, W.W., Chebel, R.C., Cerri, R.L.A., Galvao, K.N., 2004. The effect of embryonic death rates n cattle on efficacy of es- trus synchronization programs. Anim. Reprod. Sci., 82-83, 513-535.
• Son D.S., Choe, C.Y., Cho S.R., Choi, S.H., Kim,
• H.J., Hur, T.Y., Jung, Y.G., Kang, H.G., Kim, I.H., 2007. A CIDR-based timed embryo transfer protocol increases the pregnancy rate of lactating repeat breeder dairy cows. . J. Reprod. Dev.,, 53, 1313-1318.
• Souza A.H., Ayres H., Ferreira R.M., Wiltbank M.C., 2008. A new presynchronization system (Double-Ovysnch) increases fertility at first post- partum timed AI in lactating dairy cows. Theri- ogenology, 70, 208-215.
• Villarroel, A., Martino, A., BonDurant R.H., Deletang, F., Sischo, W.M., 2004. Effect of post- insemination supplementation with PRID on pregnancy in repeat breeder Holstein cows. The- riogenology, 61, 1513-1520.
• Yusuf M., Nakao, T., Ranasinghe, B.K., Gautam, G., Long, S.T., Yoshida, C., Koike, K., Hayashi, A., 2010. Reproductive performance of repeat breeders in dairy herds. Theriogenology, 73, 1220-1229.