An Experimental Study to Investigate Shear Performance of Anchor Bolt to Strengthen an RC Frame Against Lateral Load
Abstract
The use of structural steel profiles as an external shear bracing is one of the most preferable simple, time saving and cost-efficient strengthening method for an inadequate existing reinforced concrete (RC) structure against earthquake lateral loads in comparison to the other interrupting, irritating and destructive traditional in plane strengthening methods which need evacuation of houses. With the use of this method, inhabitants of building can continue their daily life as usual during the strengthening site work.
With this experimental study it is aimed to determine the shear performance of anchor bolts used to connect the steel lama to an RC single span frame depending on embedment depth. For this purpose, a special steel construction loading system has been designed and constructed and six RC column-beam frames are prepared and five of them were strengthened using steel lama connected to the frame with different numbers of anchors in different depths. And also an equation was found related with the shear performance of steel anchor bolts depending on the anchor embedment depth.
Keywords
RC Beam-Column Frame Strengthening of RC Structures with Steel Bracings Strengthening Against Earthquake Steel Anchor Embedment Depth Shear Performance of Steel Anchor Bolts
Supporting Institution
KIRIKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, BİLİMSEL ARAŞTIRMA PROJELERİ KOORDİNASYON BİRİMİ
Project Number
2020/088
Thanks
This work was supported by Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Kırıkkale University. Project number 2020/088.
References
- Ahmad, N., & Masoudi, M. (2020). Eccentric steel brace retrofit for seismic upgrading of deficient reinforced concrete frames, Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering,18, 2807-2841. doi: 10.1007/s10518-020-00808-0
- Aydin, E., Ozturk B., & Duzel, E. (2012). Rehabilitation of Planar Building Structures using Steel Diagonal Braces and Dampers, 5th European Conference on Structural Control (EACS 2012), Genoa, Italy, June 2012, Paper No. # 024.
- Chao, SH., Goel, SC., & Lee, SS. (2007). A seismic design lateral force distribution based on inelastic state of structures, Earthquake Spectra, 23(3), 547-569. doi: 10.1193/1.2753549
- Dogan, O., Celik, F., Odacioglu, O.G., & Sevim, O. (2021). In situ determination of the mechanical performance of the steel rods anchored on an existing masonry building wall, Sādhanā, 46(4), 1–13.
- Formisano, A., Massimilla, A., Di Lorenzo, G., & Landolfo, R. (2020). Seismic retrofit of gravity load designed RC buildings using external steel concentric bracing systems, Engineering Failure Analysis, 111, 104485. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2020.104485
- Kassem, M., M., Nazri, F., M., Farsangi, E., N., & Ozturk, B. (2022). Improved Vulnerability Index Methodology to Quantify Seismic Risk and Loss Assessment in Reinforced Concrete Buildings, Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 26(12), 6172-6207. doi: 10.1080/13632469.2021.1911888.
- Kawamata, S., & Ohnuma, M. (1981). Strengthening effect of eccentric steel braces to existing reinforced concrete frames, 7WCEE Conference, Proceedings of 2nd Seminar on Repair and Retrofit of Structures.
- Korkmaz, K.A. (2007). Çelik çapraz elemanlarla güçlendirilen betonarme yapıların deprem davranışlarının incelenmesi, Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 8(2), 191-201.
- Maheri, M.R., & Sahebi, A. (1997). Use of steel bracing in reinforced concrete frames, Engineering Structures, 19(12), 1018-1024, doi: 10.1016/S0141-0296(97)00041-2
- Odacioglu, O.G., Dogan, O., & Kale, F. (2022). An experimental study to determine the optimum depth of steel anchors in RC subjected to shear force, Structures, 44, 1321-1327.
- Sharma, S., & Tiwary, A.K. (2020). Analysis of a building under composite structural system: A review, Materials Today:Proceedings, 33, 1650-1659. doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.06.376
- Torabi, A., & Maheri, M.R. (2017). Seismic repair and retrofit of RC beam–column joints using stiffened steel plates, Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Civil Engineering, 41(1), 13-26.
- TS500. (2000). Requirements for Design and Construction of Reinforced Concrete Structures, Turkish Standards Institution, Ankara, Turkiye.
- Yılmaz, E.E., Uzun, M., & Çöğürcü, M.T. (2018). Betonarme çerçevelerin güçlendirilmesi ve deprem performasının iyileştirilmesi, Selçuk-Teknik Dergisi, 17(3), 100-111.
- Yoldaş, F. (2015). An Experimental Study on Performance Analysis of Steel Anchorages For Reinforced Concrete Frames Strengthened With Steel Profiles, Master'sThesis, Department of Civil Engineering, Kirikkale University.
- Youssef, M.A., Ghaffarzadeh, H., & Nehdi, M. (2007). Seismic performance of RC frames with concentric internal steel bracing, Engineering Structures, 29(7), 1561-1568. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027
Bir Betonarme Çerçevesini Yanal Yüke Karşı Güçlendirmek İçin Ankraj Bulonlarının Kesme Performansının İncelenmesine Yönelik Deneysel Bir Çalışma
Abstract
Mevcut betonarme bir yapının yatay deprem yüklerine karşı yetersiz kalması durumunda, evlerin boşaltılmasını gerektiren, kullanımını durduran, yıkıcı, rahatsız edici ve tahribatlı diğer geleneksel düzlem içi güçlendirme yöntemlerine göre yapısal çelik profillerin dıştan çelik kesme çaprazlarının kullanılması, en çok tercih edilen basit, zaman kazandıran ve düşük maliyetli güçlendirme yöntemlerinden biridir. Bu yöntem ile güçlendirme çalışmaları esnasında bina sakinleri günlük yaşamlarına devam edebilirler.
Bu deneysel çalışma ile çelik lamayı betonarme tek açıklıklı çerçeveye bağlamak için kullanılan ankraj bulonlarının gömme derinliğine bağlı olarak kesme performansının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla özel bir çelik konstrüksiyon yükleme sistemi tasarlanmış ve inşa edilmiş ve altı adet betonarme kolon-kiriş çerçevesi hazırlanmış ve beş tanesi çerçeveye farklı derinliklerde farklı sayıda ankrajlarla bağlanan çelik lama kullanılarak güçlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca ankraj gömme derinliğine bağlı olarak çelik ankraj bulonlarının kesme performansı ile ilgili bir denklem bulunmuştur.
Keywords
Betonarme Kiriş-Kolon Çerçevesi Betonarme Yapıların Çelik Çaprazlarla Güçlendirilmesi Depreme Karşı Güçlendirme Çelik Ankraj Gömme Derinliği Çelik Ankraj Bulonlarının Kesme Performansı
Project Number
2020/088
References
- Ahmad, N., & Masoudi, M. (2020). Eccentric steel brace retrofit for seismic upgrading of deficient reinforced concrete frames, Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering,18, 2807-2841. doi: 10.1007/s10518-020-00808-0
- Aydin, E., Ozturk B., & Duzel, E. (2012). Rehabilitation of Planar Building Structures using Steel Diagonal Braces and Dampers, 5th European Conference on Structural Control (EACS 2012), Genoa, Italy, June 2012, Paper No. # 024.
- Chao, SH., Goel, SC., & Lee, SS. (2007). A seismic design lateral force distribution based on inelastic state of structures, Earthquake Spectra, 23(3), 547-569. doi: 10.1193/1.2753549
- Dogan, O., Celik, F., Odacioglu, O.G., & Sevim, O. (2021). In situ determination of the mechanical performance of the steel rods anchored on an existing masonry building wall, Sādhanā, 46(4), 1–13.
- Formisano, A., Massimilla, A., Di Lorenzo, G., & Landolfo, R. (2020). Seismic retrofit of gravity load designed RC buildings using external steel concentric bracing systems, Engineering Failure Analysis, 111, 104485. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2020.104485
- Kassem, M., M., Nazri, F., M., Farsangi, E., N., & Ozturk, B. (2022). Improved Vulnerability Index Methodology to Quantify Seismic Risk and Loss Assessment in Reinforced Concrete Buildings, Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 26(12), 6172-6207. doi: 10.1080/13632469.2021.1911888.
- Kawamata, S., & Ohnuma, M. (1981). Strengthening effect of eccentric steel braces to existing reinforced concrete frames, 7WCEE Conference, Proceedings of 2nd Seminar on Repair and Retrofit of Structures.
- Korkmaz, K.A. (2007). Çelik çapraz elemanlarla güçlendirilen betonarme yapıların deprem davranışlarının incelenmesi, Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 8(2), 191-201.
- Maheri, M.R., & Sahebi, A. (1997). Use of steel bracing in reinforced concrete frames, Engineering Structures, 19(12), 1018-1024, doi: 10.1016/S0141-0296(97)00041-2
- Odacioglu, O.G., Dogan, O., & Kale, F. (2022). An experimental study to determine the optimum depth of steel anchors in RC subjected to shear force, Structures, 44, 1321-1327.
- Sharma, S., & Tiwary, A.K. (2020). Analysis of a building under composite structural system: A review, Materials Today:Proceedings, 33, 1650-1659. doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.06.376
- Torabi, A., & Maheri, M.R. (2017). Seismic repair and retrofit of RC beam–column joints using stiffened steel plates, Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Civil Engineering, 41(1), 13-26.
- TS500. (2000). Requirements for Design and Construction of Reinforced Concrete Structures, Turkish Standards Institution, Ankara, Turkiye.
- Yılmaz, E.E., Uzun, M., & Çöğürcü, M.T. (2018). Betonarme çerçevelerin güçlendirilmesi ve deprem performasının iyileştirilmesi, Selçuk-Teknik Dergisi, 17(3), 100-111.
- Yoldaş, F. (2015). An Experimental Study on Performance Analysis of Steel Anchorages For Reinforced Concrete Frames Strengthened With Steel Profiles, Master'sThesis, Department of Civil Engineering, Kirikkale University.
- Youssef, M.A., Ghaffarzadeh, H., & Nehdi, M. (2007). Seismic performance of RC frames with concentric internal steel bracing, Engineering Structures, 29(7), 1561-1568. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.08.027
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Civil Engineering |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | 2020/088 |
| Early Pub Date | July 7, 2023 |
| Publication Date | July 14, 2023 |
| Submission Date | April 12, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 15 Issue: 2 |
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