Yenidoğanlarda Ağrının Azaltılması ve Konforun Sağlanmasında Kullanılan Nonfarmakolojik Yöntemler

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 296 - 308, 22.08.2022

Ayla Gündoğdu Karakaya Aysel Topan

Öz

Ağrı yaşam kalitesini düşürerek bireye acı veren bir deneyimdir. Yenidoğanlar olgunlaşmamış sinir sitemleri nedeni ile bu acıyı daha şiddetli hissederler. Bununla beraber bebeğin yaşamın ilk günlerinde özellikle yenidoğan yoğun bakımda yatış öyküsü var ise ağrılı işlemlere maruz kalma oranı artmaktadır. Bu ağrı deneyimleri anne bebek bağlanmasını kesintiye uğratırken, etkili emzirme sağlanamamakta, büyüme ve gelişme olumsuz etkilenmekte, hastanede kalış süresi uzayarak yaşam kalitesi ve konfor azalmaktadır. Azalmış konfor, etkisiz beslenme ve uzamış hastanede kalış süresi anne bebek bağlanmasını engellediğinden ileriye dönük birçok gelişimsel ve psikososyal soruna da yol açmaktadır. Klinik hemşireleri yenidoğanlarda ağrının farkında olurken ağrıyı giderici farmakolojik yöntemlere alternatif nonfarmakolojik yöntemleri kendi bağımsız fonksiyonları ve mesleki becerilerini kullanarak uygulayabilmelidir. Nonfarmakolojik yöntemler kolay uygulanabilir, maliyeti düşük ve yan etkileri olmaması nedeni ile ağrıyı gidermede öncelikli tercih edilecek uygulamalardır. Bu derlemede yenidoğan bebeklerde ağrıyı hafifletme yöntemi olarak kullanılabilecek nonfarmakolojik yöntemlerin gözden geçirilmesini amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yenidoğan, Hemşire, Ağrı, Konfor, Nonfarmakolojik yöntemler

Nonpharmacological Methods Used to Reduce Pain and Provide Comfort in Newborns

Öz

Pain is a painful experience for the individual by reducing the quality of life. Newborns feel this pain more severely because of their immature nervous system. However, if the baby has a history of hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit in the first days of life, the rate of exposure to painful procedures increases. While these pain experiences interrupt mother-infant attachment, effective breastfeeding cannot be provided, growth and development are adversely affected, quality of life and comfort decrease by lengthening the hospital stay. It also causes the problem. While clinical nurses are aware of pain in newborns, they should be able to apply alternative non-pharmacological methods to pharmacological methods for relieving pain by using their own independent functions and professional skills. Non-pharmacological methods are the applications that will be preferred primarily in pain relief because they are easy to apply, cost-effective, and have no side effects. This review aims to review non-pharmacological methods that can be used as a pain relief method in newborn babies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Newborn, Nurses, Pain, Comfort, Nonpharmacological methods

Kaynakça

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