Göz Katarakt Hastalığının Tanısında Özellik Çıkarma Aşaması Olarak Transfer Öğrenme Tekniğinin Kullanımı

Öz

Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'nün (WHO) verilerine göre şu anda dünya çapında en az 2,2 milyar insan görme bozukluğuna sahiptir ve bunlardan en az 1 milyarı önlenebilir görme bozukluğuna sahiptir. Göz hastalıkları dünya çapında özellikle de gelişmekte olan ve az gelişmiş ve ülkelerde ciddi bir sorun haline gelmiştir. Gündelik yaşamın sürdürülmesinde en önemli organlardan biri olan göz, hayati bir öneme sahiptir. Erken oküler hastalık tespiti, göz hastalıklarının sebep olduğu körlüğü ortadan kaldırmada etkili ve ekonomik bir yöntemdir. Bu çalışmada, retinal fundus görüntülerinden katarakt hastalığı tespit etmek için bir derin öğrenme modeli önerilmiştir. Önerilen model iki fazdan oluşmaktadır. Birinci fazda, VGG-16, ResNet, InceptionV3 ve MobileNet gibi bazı meşhur evrişimli sinir ağı mimarilerin özellik ayıklama faz olarak kullanılması önerilmiştir. İkinci fazda ise, klasik sinir ağ katmanları kullanılarak sınıflandırma işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Önerilen model, 8 sınıftan 6392 görüntü içeren retina görüntü veri setinden iki sınıflı bir veri seti oluşturularak test edilmiştir. Önerilen modelde, özellik ayıklamak için ResNet kullanıldığında %95.51 gibi yüksek bir oranda tespit doğruluğuna ulaşılmıştır. Önerilen yöntemin, katarakt hastalığının teşhisinde büyük ölçüde etkili ve başarılı olduğu görülmüş olup, bu yöntem kullanılarak diğer tüm göz hastalıklarını teşhis etmede kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Katarakt
• Oftalmoloji
• Fundus Görüntüleri
• Transfer Öğrenme
• Evrişimli Sinir Ağ

Using Transfer Learning Technique as a Feature Extraction Phase for Diagnosis of Cataract Disease in the Eye

Öz

According to the data of the World Health Organization (WHO), currently at least 2.2 billion people worldwide have visual impairment, and at least 1 billion of them have preventable visual impairment. Eye diseases have become a serious problem, especially in the developing and underdeveloped countries around the world. The eye is one of the most important organs in the maintenance of daily life. So, early detection of ocular disease is an effective and economical method of eliminating blindness caused by eye diseases. In this work, a deep learning model has been proposed for detecting the cataract disease from retinal fundus images. The proposed model consists of two phases. In the first phase, it is proposed to use some famous convolutional neural network architectures such as VGG-16, ResNet, Inception v3 and MobileNet as a feature extraction phase. In the second phase, some classical neural network layers have been adopted and trained using the features extracted in the first phase for conducting the classification process. The proposed model has been trained and tested using a dataset contains two classes selected from a retinal image dataset containing 6392 images related to 8 classes. The proposed model gave high detection accuracy, where the best results reached 95.51%, which has been obtained when the ResNet well-known deep learning model has been used as feature extraction phase in the proposed model. The proposed method has shown that it is largely effective and successful in the diagnosis of cataract disease, and it can be generalized to be used for diagnosing all eye diseases.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cataract
• ophthalmology
• fundus images
• transfer learning
• convolutional neural network

Kaynakça

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