Futbolda Kullanılan Ergojenik Destekler ve Performans Üzerindeki Etkileri

Öz

Amaç: Futbol, fiziksel gereksinimlerin fazla olduğu, yüksek tempolu bir spor türüdür. Pozisyonlara göre değişen enerji harcaması ile, besinsel gereksinim, antrenman türü ve dinlenme süreleri de değişmektedir. Günümüzde kulüpler, antrenörler ve futbolcular performans arttırmak için doğru antrenmanla beraber beslenmenin de önemi kavramıştır. Yeterli ve dengeli beslenmeye ek olarak kullanılan ergojenik destek ürünleri sporcuların spesifik özelliklerini geliştirmeye, maç sonrası toparlanmayı hızlandırma ve sakatlanma riskini azaltmaya yardımcı olabilir. Bu amaçlarda hangi ürünün ne zaman ve hangi dozda kullanılması gerektiği bilinmelidir. Materyal ve Metot: Bu çalışmada en sık kullanılan ergojenik desteklerden kreatin, beta-alanin, kafein ve nitrat/nitrik oksitin futbol performansına etkileri derlenmiştir. Bulgular: Yapılan çalışmalarda ergojenik desteklerin depar, sıçrama gücü ve koşu hızı gibi performans parametrelerinde artış, yorgunluk ve dehidrasyon gibi egzersiz performansı sınırlayan etmenler üzerine olumu etkiler gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Futbolda ergojenik desteklerin dozu ve kullanım süresi ile ilgili net öneriler sunulabilmesi için daha fazla çalışma yapılması gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Futbol
• ergojenik destek
• toparlanma
• performans

Ergogenic Aids Used in Football and Effects on Performance

Öz

Aim: Football is a high-tempo sport with excessive physical requirements. With varying energy expenditure according to position, nutritional requirements, training types and rest durations vary. Currently, clubs, trainers and footballers understand the importance of nutrition along with correct training to increase performance. Ergogenic aid products, used in addition to sufficient and balanced nutrition, may assist in developing specific traits of sportspeople, increasing the speed of recovery after matches and reducing risk of injury. With this target, it is necessary to know which product should be taken at which time and which dose. Methods: In this study, the effects of the most commonly used ergogenic aids of creatine, beta-alanine, caffeine and nitrate/nitric oxide on football performance were reviewed. Results: Studies have stated that ergogenic aids increase performance parameters like sprinting, jump power and running speed and have positive effects on factors limiting exercise performance like tiredness and dehydration. Conclusion: There is a need for more studies in order to present clear recommendations related to the dose and duration of use of ergogenic aids in football.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• football
• ergogenic aid
• recovery
• performance

Kaynakça

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