The Relationship of Maternal Education Level with Body Mass Index and Body Fat Percentage in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

Öz

Aim: This study aimed to determine how the overweight/obesity of adolescents is related to the educational levels of mothers by taking into account the variables of body mass indices and body fat ratio. Data on maternal education level were obtained through self-report.

Methods: The research was carried out from 9 primary schools determined by the cluster method from the city of Turkey/Ankara, which were randomly selected and included in the research; (n=1290) 52,86% were male; (n=1150) A total of 2440 adolescent students, 47,14% of whom were female, participated voluntarily. Body mass index calculation and skinfold measurement were made. Assumption of normality Shapiro Wilk test and kurtosis skew value ±1,5 were taken into account, assumption of normality was met, t test was used to compare one-group mean, One-Way ANOVA (Posth Dec: Tukey HSD) was used to compare three or more group mean, and the relationship between continuous variables was evaluated by pearson correlation test. In the univariate analysis, significant variables were examined by linear regression analysis.

Results: While there was no significant relationship between maternal education level and body mass index of adolescent girls in the research group, it was observed that body fat percentages increased in those with skinfold thickness below and above 35 mm. In addition, decreases were observed in the body mass index of male adolescents as the educational level of the mothers in the study group increased. However, in adolescents with skinfold thickness over 35 mm; As maternal education level increases, body fat percentages also increase, and this effect was not found to be significant in those with skinfold thickness below 35 mm (p<0,05).

Conclusion: The data obtained show that the level of maternal education affects the likelihood of obesity in men and women with a skin thickness of more than 35mm. It is thought that the findings of our study will contribute to the determination of strategies to prevent overweight/obesity before adulthood.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Maternal Education
• Body mass index
• Body composition
• Adolescent
• Obesity
• Anne eğitim
• Vücut kitle indeksi
• Vücut kompozisyonu
• Ergen
• Obezite

Ergenlerde Anne Eğitim Seviyesinin Vücut Kitle İndeksi ve Vücut Yağ Yüzdesi ile İlişkisi: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, ergenlerin aşırı kilo/obezitesini vücut kitle indeksleri ve vücut yağ oranı değişkenlerini dikkate alarak annelerin eğitim seviyeleri ile nasıl ilişkili olduğunu belirlemeyi amaçlamıştır.

Materyal ve Metot: Araştırma, Türkiye/Ankara kentinden küme yöntemi ile belirlenen 9 ilköğretim okulundan rasgele yöntemi ile seçilen ve araştırmaya; (n=1290) %52,86’sını erkek; (n=1150) %47,14’ünü ise kız toplam 2440 ergen öğrenci gönüllü katılmıştır. Anne eğitim seviyesine ilişkin veriler öz bildirim yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Vücut kitle indeksi hesaplaması ve deri kıvrımı ölçümü yapılmıştır. Normallik varsayımı Shapiro Wilk testi ve basıklık çarpıklık değeri ±1.5 değeri göz önünde bulundurularak belirlenmiş normallik varsayımı karşılandığından tek grup ortalamasının karşılaştırılmasında t test, üç veya daha fazla grup ortalamasının karşılaştırılmasında Oneway ANOVA (posthoc: Tukey HSD) kullanılmış, sürekli değişkenler arsındaki ilişki pearson korelasyon testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Tek değişkenli analizlerde anlamlı çıkan değişkenler lineer regresyon analizi ile incelenmiştir.

Bulgular: Araştırma gurubundaki anne eğitim seviyesi ile ergen kızların vücut kitle indeksleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır, ancak deri kıvrım kalınlığı 35mm altında ve 35mm üstünde olanların vücut yağ yüzdelerinin arttığı gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca araştırma gurubundaki anne eğitim seviyesi arttıkça erkek ergenlerin vücut kitle indekslerinde düşüşler gözlenmiştir. Ancak deri kıvrım kalınlığı 35mm üstündeki ergenlerde; anne eğitim seviyesi arttıkça vücut yağ yüzdelerinde de artış söz konusu olup bu etki deri kıvrım kalınlığı 35mm altında olanlar için ise ilişki anlamlı bulunmamıştır (p<0,05).

Sonuç: Elde edilen veriler, anne eğitim seviyesinin kız ve deri kıvrım kalınlığı 35mm üstünde olan erkek ergenlerde aşırı kilolu olma olasılığını etkilediğini düşündürmektedir. Araştırmamızın bulguları, aşırı kilo/obezitenin yetişkinlikten önce önlenebilmesi açısından stratejiler belirlenmesine dair katkı sağlayacağı varsayılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anne eğitim
• Vücut kitle indeksi
• Vücut kompozisyonu
• Ergen
• Obezite

Kaynakça

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