Effect of Post-activation Potentiation Practices with Different Loads on Throwing Performance

Öz

Aim: Post-activation potential (PAP) has been shown to improve power and is generally applied with 80% of the 1-rep maximum (1RM) load. However, the effect of PAP at different loads on performance is not clear. This study aimed to compare the effect of PAP with jerk and snatch exercise with different loads on the hammer throwing performance of the athletes. Methods: In the first day, the Eight trained male athlete's height, mass, body fat ratio, and 1RM test were determined for clean-and-jerk exercise. In the second day, dynamic warm-up followed by 3 unloaded throws, 3 throws after 80%1RM PAP, 2 throws after 90%1RMPAP and 1 throw after 100%1RMPAP. There was a rest of 3 minutes between throws and 8 minutes of rest between applications. The differences between the throws and the level of relationship between the dependent variables were evaluated. Results: With consecutive, progressive testing, compared to 100%1RM, there was a significant improvement in the average throwing distance with 90%1RM PAP (p<0.05), an increase in throwing distances was observed in 7 out of 8 participants. There is no difference between the 1st throws after PAPs, but an increase was observed in distances of all participants in the 1st shots after 90% 1RMPAP. The worst throwing performances were seen after 100%1RMPAP and with unloaded throws. Conclusion: It can be suggested that the PAP protocol, which is performed with 90%1RM jerk and snatch, which has a positive effect on hammer throwing performance, should be included in the warm-up program of the athletes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Acute effect
• Hammer throw
• Jerk and snatch
• throw distance
• PAP

Farklı Yüklerde Uygulanan Aktivasyon Sonrası Güçlendirme Uygulamalarının Fırlatma Performansına Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Post-aktivasyon potansiyeli (PAP) uygulamasının güç performansını iyileştirdiği ve genelde 1 tekrarlı maksimum (1TM) yükün %80’i ile uygulandığı gösterilmiştir. Buna karşılık farklı yüklerdeki PAP uygulamalarının performansa etkisi net değildir. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada farklı yüklerde uygulanan (yüksüz, %80-90-100 1TM) silkme koparma egzersizi ile gerçekleştirilen PAP uygulamasının sporcuların çekiç atma performansına etkisinin karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmaya 17-30 yaş aralığındaki 8 antrenmanlı erkek sporcu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. İlk test oturumunda boy, kütle, vücut yağ oranıyla beraber silkme ve koparma hareketi için sporcunun 1TM testi olimpik halter ve ağırlıklı plakalar yardımı ile belirlenmiştir. İkinci test oturumunda, dinamik ısınma ve sonrasında sırasıyla yüksüz 3 atış, %80 1TM PAP sonrası 3 atış, %90 1TM PAP sonrası 2 atış ve %100 PAP sonrası 1 atış yapılmıştır. Atışlar arasında 3 dk, uygulamalar arasında 8 dk dinlenme verilmiştir. Tüm atış mesafeleri metrik ölçüm bandı kullanılarak kaydedilmiştir. Atışlar arasındaki farklar Tekrarlı Ölçümlerde Varyans Analizi ile, bağımlı değişkenler arasındaki ilişki düzeyi Pearson Korelasyon analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Ardışık, progresif olarak gerçekleştirilen testlemeyle %100 1TM PAP ile karşılaştırıldığında %90 1TM PAP ile atış mesafesi ortalamalarında anlamlı iyileşme vardır (p<0,05), 8 katılımcıdan 7’inin atış mesafelerinde artış görülmüştür. PAP uygulamaları sonrası gerçekleştirilen 1. atışların mesafeleri arasında anlamlı fark yoktur, fakat %90 1TM PAP sonrası 1. atışlarda katılımcıların tamamının atış mesafelerinde artış görülmüştür. En kötü atış performansı yüksüz atışlar ile %100 1TM PAP sonrası gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sonuç: Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, çekiç atma performansına olumlu etki yarattığı görülen %90 1TM silkme ve koparma ile gerçekleştirilen PAP protokolünün, sporcuların ısınma programına dahil edilmesi önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Akut etki
• Atış mesafesi
• Çekiç atma
• PAP
• Silkme ve koparma.

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