A LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE CRIMEAN TATAR DEPORTATION OF 1944

Öz

Over the past decade, Crimean Tatars started to express morerobustly their requests for the international recognition of the 1944 MassDeportation as the crime of genocide. While it can be said, even primafacie, that the 1944 Deportation falls under the scope of the currentdefinition of crimes against humanity, making a similar kind of claimwith the same immediateness is unlikely in terms of the crime of genocideowing to the narrowly constructed legal definition. Moreover, theprinciple of non-retroactivity of laws poses a further challenge in theconsideration of both genocide and crimes against humanity. This paperwill try to answer two interconnected questions: Is it a legally plausiblecase to characterize the 1944 Deportation as genocide or crimes againsthumanity? And, are there any differences between the legalcharacterization of 1944 Deportation as genocide or crimes againsthumanity in terms of their possible consequences?

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Crimean Tatars, Crimean Deportation, Genocide Law, Crimes Against Humanity, Non-retroactivity of Laws, International Criminal Law,

1944 KIRIM TATAR SÜRGÜNÜ’NÜN HUKUKİ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Öz

Son dönemde, Kırım Tatarları 1944 Büyük Sürgün’ünün soykırımsuçu olarak tanınmasını ısrarlı bir şekilde talep etmektedir. 1944Sürgün’ünün günümüzdeki anlamıyla insanlığa karşı suçlar kapsamınagirdiği kolaylıkla tespit edilebilirken, soykırım suçu bakımından aynıiddiayı benzer bir rahatlıkla öne sürmek, soykırım suçunun tanımınındarlığı nedeniyle mümkün olmamaktadır. Buna ilave olarak, kanunlarıngeriye yürümezliği ilkesi hem insanlığa karşı suçlar hem de soykırımsuçunun olay bakımından tartışılmasında sorun teşkil etmektedir. Bubağlamda bu çalışma birbiri ile bağlantılı iki soruya cevap arayacaktır:Uluslararası hukuk kapsamında 1944 Sürgün’ünü soykırım suçu ya dainsanlığa karşı suç olarak nitelemek mümkün müdür? Ve bu eylemlerinsoykırım suçu veya insanlığa karşı suç olarak değerlendirilmesininyaratacağı olası sonuçlar bakımından herhangi bir fark var mıdır?

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kırım Tatarları, Kırım Sürgünü, Soykırım, İnsanlığa Karşı Suçlar, Kanunların Geriye Yürümezliği İlkesi, Uluslararası Ceza Hukuku

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