SEVR ANTLAŞMASI HAZIRLIK GÖRÜŞMELERİNDE 1915 OLAYLARI KONUSU VE BUGÜNKÜ ULUSLARARASI YARGI KARARLARINA GÖRE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Yıl 2017, Sayı: 18, 127 - 164, 01.03.2017

Deniz Akçay

Öz

1920’de, Osmanlı Devleti temsilcisinin davet edilmediği ve MüttefikDevletlerin en üst düzeyde temsil edilmiş oldukları Sevr Antlaşması’nınhazırlık görüşmeleri, 1915 olaylarının soykırım oluşturduğu yolundakiiddiaları doğrulayacak verilerden yoksundur. Öte yandan, günümüzde,BM Soykırım Suçunun Önlenmesi ve Cezalandırılması Sözleşmesi’ndesıralanan soykırımın maddi (actus reus) ve manevi (mens rea)unsurlarını incelemiş ve yorumlamış olan Uluslararası AdaletDivanı’nın (UAD) kararları ve özellikle Bosna Hersek’in SırbistanMontenegro aleyhindeki başvurusuna ilişkin kararında, BMSözleşmesi’nin yorumlanması ve uygulanması çerçevesinde, “devletinsorumluluğu,” manevi unsurun “özel kast” (dolus specialis) olaraksoykırım tanımlanmasındaki belirleyici konumu ile ilgili uygulamışolduğu ilkeler, kıstaslar ve koşullar ışığında da 1915 olaylarını hukukensoykırım olarak tanımlamak mümkün görünmemektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sevr, Soykırım, Uluslararası Adalet Divanı, DolusSpecialis, Etkin Denetim

THE HANDLING OF THE 1915 EVENTS AT PREPARATORY MEETINGS OF THE TREATY OF SEVRES AND ITS ASSESMENT IN THE LIGHT OF THE CONTEMPORARY COURT RULINGS

Öz

The prepatory meetings of the Treaty of Sèvres that took placein 1920, in which the representatives of the Ottoman government werenot invited, whereas the Allied Powers were represented at the highestlevel are devoid of the parameters that would verify the claims that the1915 events constituted a genocide. On the other hand, currently, it doesnot seem legally possible to characterize the 1915 events as a genocidein the light of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) judgments thathave examined and interpreted the actus reus and mens rea componentsof the crime of genocide listed in the UN Convention on the Preventionand Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, especially in the decisionregarding Bosnia Herzegovina’s application against Serbia Montenegro,in the framework of the interpretation and application of the UNConvention and the principles, criteria and conditions applied regardingthe indicative state of the “intent” element in characterizing a genocideas a dolus specialis

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sevres, Genocide, International Court of Justice, DolusSpecialis, Effective Control

Kaynakça

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