DTÖ’NÜN KURULUŞUNUN NEOLİBERAL BİR PERSPEKTİFTEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 26, 181 - 216, 30.09.2025

Aykut Aydeniz

https://doi.org/10.54842/ustich.1716151

Öz

Dünya Ticaret Örgütü'nün (DTÖ) 1995'te kurulması, küresel ticaret rejiminde önemli bir dönüşümü işaret ederek, neoliberalizmin ilkelerini yansıtan bir dizi kuralı kurumsallaştırdı. Bu makale, DTÖ'nün oluşumunu neoliberal ekonomik düşünce merceğinden eleştirel bir şekilde değerlendirerek, kurumsal tasarımının, kurallarının ve anlaşmazlıkların halli mekanizmalarının neoliberal idealleri nasıl somutlaştırdığını analiz etmektedir. Tarihsel bağlamı, kilit aktörleri ve Gümrük Tarifeleri ve Ticaret Genel Anlaşması'ndan (GATT) DTÖ'ye geçişi inceleyerek, bu çalışma DTÖ'nün kuruluşunun küresel ekonomik liberalizasyonu güçlendirip güçlendirmediğini veya neoliberal paradigma içinde çelişkiler getirip getirmediğini araştırmaktadır. Bu çalışma ayrıca, hem neoliberalizmin savunucuları hem de karşıtları tarafından DTÖ'ye yönelik eleştirileri ele alarak, neoliberal yönetişimin uluslararası ticaretteki daha geniş etkilerine ilişkin içgörüler sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

DTÖ , Neoliberalizm , GATT , Uluslararası Ticaret Politikası , Küresel Yönetişim , Ekonomik Liberalizasyon , Anlaşmazlıkların Halli

EVALUATING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE WTO FROM A NEOLIBERAL PERSPECTIVE

Öz

The foundation of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995 marked a significant transformation in the global trade regime, institutionalizing a set of rules that reflected the principles of neoliberalism. This paper critically evaluates the formation of the WTO through the lens of neoliberal economic thought, analyzing how its institutional design, rules, and dispute settlement mechanisms embody neoliberal ideals. By examining the historical context, key actors, and the transition from the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) to the WTO, this study explores whether the WTO’s creation reinforced global economic liberalization or introduced contradictions within the neoliberal paradigm. The paper also considers critiques of the WTO from both proponents and opponents of neoliberalism, offering insights into the broader implications of neoliberal governance in international trade.

Anahtar Kelimeler

WTO , Neoliberalism , GATT , International Trade Policy , Global Governance , Economic Liberalization , Dispute Settlement

Kaynakça

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