Corrosive effect of brine applications on the asphalt concrete exposed to the freeze-thaw cycles

Yıl 2022, , 87 - 93, 30.11.2022

Hande Varol Morova

https://doi.org/10.55974/utbd.1150247

Öz

In this study, the damage caused by solutions with different salt contents, which are actively used in combating snow and ice in winter climate conditions, on asphalt concrete roads in different periods was investigated experimentally. Hot mix asphalt concrete (HMA) prepared within the framework of the standards for the wear layer directly affected by snow and ice were subjected to freeze-thaw at different periods (7, 14, 21, 28 cycles) and two different thawing environments were prepared for each thaw.For this reason, two different sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions, 1 mol (M) and 4 mol (M), were prepared and the frozen HMA samples were thawed in 1M or 4M solution environments at the end of each cycle. Thus, the effects of salt on the damage to the HMA surface were investigated. While the Marshall Stability (MS) value of the reference sample that was not exposed to freezing and thawing was 985 kg, the MS values of the samples exposed to freezing and thawing cycles for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days in 1M solutions were found to be 971 kg, 938.5 kg, 889.5 kg and 910 kg, respectively. On the other hand, the MS values of the samples exposed to freezing and thawing cycles for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days in 4M solution were obtained as 914 kg, 814 kg, 790 kg and 765 kg, respectively. In this study, it was observed that the freeze-thaw cycle caused a decrease in the stability of asphalt concrete.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anti-icing, Deicing, Sodium chloride (NaCl), Salting applications, Pavement, Hot mix asphalt

Tuzlama uygulamalarının donma-çözülme döngülerine maruz kalmış asfalt betonu üzerindeki korozif etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmada kış iklim şartlarında kar ve buzla mücadelede aktif olarak kullanılan farklı tuz içeriklerindeki solüsyonların farklı periyotlarda asfalt beton yollarda meydana getirmiş olduğu tahribat deneysel olarak araştırılmıştır. Kar ve buzun direkt olarak etkidiği aşınma tabakası için standartlar çerçevesinde hazırlanan sıcak karışım asfalt betonlar (BSK) farklı periyotlarda (7, 14, 21, 28 döngü) donma çözülmeye tabi tutulmuş ve her çözülme için iki farklı çözülme ortamı hazırlanmıştır. Bu nedenle 1 mol (M) ve 4 mol (M) olmak üzere iki farklı sodyum klorür (NaCl) çözeltisi hazırlanmış ve dondurulan BSK numuneler her döngü sonunda 1M ya da 4M’lık çözelti ortamlarında çözdürülmüştür. Böylece tuzun BSK yüzeyine olan zararına etkileri araştırılmıştır. Donma ve çözülmeye maruz kalmayan referans numunenin Marshall Stabilite (MS) değeri 985 kg iken 1M solüsyonda 7, 14, 21 ve 28 gün süreyle donma ve çözülme döngülerine maruz kalan numunelerin MS değerleri sırasıyla 971 kg, 938.5 kg, 889.5 kg ve 910 kg olarak bulunmuştur. Diğer yandan 4M solüsyonda 7, 14, 21 ve 28 gün süreyle donma ve çözülme döngüsüne maruz kalan numunelerin MS değerleri ise sırasıyla 914 kg, 814 kg, 790 kg ve 765 kg olarak elde edilmiştir. Bu çalışmayla donma-çözülme döngüsünün asfalt betonun stabilitesinde azalmaya neden olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Buzlanmanın önlenmesi, Buzlanmanın giderilmesi, Sodyum klorür (NaCl), Tuzlama uygulamaları, Üstyapı, Sıcak karışım asfalt

Kaynakça

• [1] Nixon WA, Wei Y. Optimal Usage of De-icing Chemicals When Scraping Ice. Final Report for TR-459. TA1/IIHR/434. l, University of Iowa, 128p, 2003.
• [2] Blackburn RR, Bauer KM, Amsler DE, Boselly SE and McElroy AD. Snow and Ice Control: Guidelines for Materials and Methods. NCHRP Report 526. Midwest Research Institute, 2004.
• [3] Walker D. The Truth about Sand and Salt for Winter Maintenance, Salt and Highway Deicing Newsletter, Vol. 42 No. 2, 2005.
• [4] Boselly SE. Benefit/cost study of RWIS and anti-icing technologies. National Cooperative Highway Research Program Report No. 20-7(117), 2001.
• [5] Fischel M. Evaluation of Selected Deicers Based on a Review of the Literature, 2001.
• [6] Shi X, & O'Keefe K. Synthesis of Information on Anti-Icing and Pre-Wetting for Winter Highway Maintenance Practices in North America. Pacific Northwest Snowfighters in collaboration with the Washington State Department of Transportation, 2005.
• [7] Blackburn RR, McGrane EJ, Chappelow CC, Harwood DW, & Fleege EJ. Development of anti-icing technology (No. SHRP-H-385). Washington, DC: Strategic Highway Research Program, National Research Council, 1994.
• [8] Vitaliano DF. An economic assessment of the social costs of highway salting and the efficiency of substituting a new deicing material, Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, vol. 11, issue 3, pages 397-418, 1992.
• [9] Perchanok MS. An Approach to Terrain Classification to Improve Road Condition Forecasts of Maintenance Decision Support Systems. Surface Transportation Weather and Snow Removal and Ice Control Technology, 337, 2008.
• [10] Warrington PD. Roadsalt and Winter Maintenance for British Columbia Municipalities. Best Management Practices to Protect Water Quality. Environmental Protection Agency, December 1998.
• [11] Fay L, Volkening K, Gallaway C, & Shi X. Performance and impacts of current deicing and anti-icing products: User perspective versus experimental data. In 87th annual meeting of the transportation research board, Washington, DC (pp. 1-22), 2008.
• [12] Koefod, S. Eutectic depressants. Surface Transportation Weather and Snow Removal and Ice Control Technology, 73, 2008.
• [13] Nixon WA, Williams AD. A Guide for Selecting Anti-icing Chemicals. Ver. 1.0. IIHR Technical Report No. 420, 2001.
• [14] Müdürlüğü KG. Karayolu Teknik Şartnamesi. Ankara, Türkiye, KTŞ. 2013.
• [15] ASTM C127-12. Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2012.
• [16] ASTM C131-06. Standard Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Small-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2006.
• [17] ASTM C117-04. Standard Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-μm (No. 200) Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washing, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2004.
• [18] ASTM C40/C40M-11. Standard Test Method for Organic Impurities in Fine Aggregates for Concrete, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2011.
• [19] ASTM C88-05. Standard Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by Use of Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2005.
• [20] ASTM C29/C29M-09. Standard Test Method for Bulk Density ("Unit Weight") and Voids in Aggregate, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2009.
• [21] ASTM C854. Standard Test Method for Resistance to External Loads on Metal Reflective Pipe Insulation, 1990.
• [22] ASTM D5-06e1. Standard Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2006.
• [23] ASTM D92-12. Standard Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2012.
• [24] ASTM D36/D36M-12. Standard Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball Apparatus), ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2012.
• [25] ASTM D113-07. Standard Test Method for Ductility of Bituminous Materials, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2007.
• [26] ASTM D70-09e1. Standard Test Method for Density of Semi-Solid Bituminous Materials (Pycnometer Method), ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2009.
• [27] ASTM D1559-89. Standard test method for resistance to plastic flow of bituminous mixtures using Marshall apparatus, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, USA, 1992.