The effect of metakaolin and end type of steel fiber on fiber-SIFCON matrix bond characteristics

Abstract

SIFCON (Slurry Infiltrated Fiber Concrete) can be described as a special type of cement based composite produced with fiber volume fraction values between 5 to 30%. As a result of superior mechanical properties such as compressive, tensile, shear and flexural strengths with extraordinary toughness values, SIFCON can be used in in industrial floors, repair and reinforcement works and military applications such as anti-missile hangers. Mechanical properties of fiber reinforced cement based composites are dramatically influenced by steel fiber–matrix bond characteristics. Many parameters such as fiber type and geometry, matrix strength, curing conditions and properties of fiber-matrix interface affect the fiber-matrix bond characteristics. The density of this zone can be increased with supplementary cementitious materials such as metakaolin. In this study the effect of metakaolin and end type of steel fiber on bond characteristics has been investigated. The fiber-matrix bond characteristics were determined by applying single-fiber pull-out test. Utilization of metakaolin has improved the compressive strength and fiber-matrix bond characteristics. In addition, hooked-end fiber has a better performance compared to the smooth fiber.

Keywords

• SIFCON, cement based composite, steel fiber-matrix bond characteristics

Kaynakça

1. Scheneider B. Development of SIFCON Through Applications, High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites. E&FN Spon, 1992: 177 – 194.
2. Yazıcı H, Aydın S, Yiğiter H, Yardımcı MY and Alptuna G. Improvement on SIFCON performance by fiber orientation and high-volume mineral admixtures. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2010; 22: 1093 – 1101.
3. Bentur A, Diamond S and Mindess S. The microstructure of the steel fibrecement. Journal of Materials Science, 1985; 20: 3610 – 3620.
4. Neville AM. Properties of concrete. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1973.
5. Bentur A, Wu ST, Banthia N, Baggott R, Hansen W, Katz A, et al. Fibre-matrix interfaces, high performance fibre reinforced cementitious composites. Chapman and Hall, London, 1995.
6. Banthia N, Bentur A and Mufti A. Fiber reinforced concrete: present and future. The Canadian Society for Civil Engineering, 1998.
7. Chan YW and Li VC. Effects of transition zone densification on fiber/cement paste bond strength improvement. Advanced Cement Based Materials, 1997; 5: 8 –
8. Kayali OA. Effect on high volume fly ash on mechanical properties of fiber reinforced concrete. Materials and Structures, 2004; 37: 318 – 327.

9. Chan YW and Chu SH. Effect of silica fume on steel fiber bond characteristics in reactive powder concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 2004; 34: 1167 – 11
10. Tuyan M and Yazıcı H. Pull-out behavior of single steel fiber from SIFCON matrix. Construction and Building Materials, 2012; 35: 571 – 577.
11. Abu-Lebdeh T, Hamoush S, Heard W and Zornig B. Effect of matrix strength on pullout behavior of steel fiber reinforced very-high strength concrete composites. Construction and Building Materials, 2011; 25: 39 – 46.
12. Shannag MJ, Brincker R and Hansen W. Pullout behavior of steel fibers from cement-based composites. Cement and Concrete Research, 1997; 27: 925 – 936.
13. Beglarigale A and Yazıcı H. The effect of alkali–silica reaction on steel fiber– matrix bond characteristics of cement based mortars. Construction and Building Materials, 2013; 47: 845 – 860.
14. Kim JJ, Kim DJ, Kang ST and Lee JH. Influence of sand to coarse aggregate ratio on the interfacial bond strength of steel fibers in concrete for nuclear power plant. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 2012; 252: 1 – 10.
15. Silva FA, Mobasher B, Soranakom C and Filho RDT .Effect of fiber shape and morphology on interfacial bond and cracking behaviors of sisal fiber cement based composites. Cement & Concrete Composites, 2011; 33: 814 – 823.
16. Beglarigale A. Steel-fiber matrix bond characteristics of cement based composites, MSc Thesis, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey, 2013.
17. Siddique R and Klaus J. Influence of metakaolin on the properties of mortar and concrete: A review. Applied Clay Science, 2009; 43: 392 – 400.
18. Changling H, Osbaeck B and Makovicky E. Pozzolanic reaction of six principal clay minerals: activation reactivity assessments and technological effects. Cement and Concrete Research, 1995; 25: 1691 – 1702.
19. Zhang MH and Malhotra VM. Characteristics of a thermally activated aluminosilicate pozzolanic material and its use in concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 1995; 25: 1713 – 1725.
20. Ambroise J, Maximilien S and Pera J. Properties of metakaolin blended cements. Advanced Cement Based Materials, 1994; 1: 161 – 168.
21. Parande AK, Babu RB, Karthik MA, Kumaar KK and Palaniswamy N. Study on strength and corrosion performance for steel embedded in metakaolin blended concrete/mortar. Construction and Building Materials, 2008; 22: 127 – 134.
22. Ramezanianpour AA and Jovein B. Influence of metakaolin as supplementary cementing material on strength and durability of concretes. Construction and Building Materials, 2012; 30: 470 – 479.
23. Wild S, Khatib JM and Jones A. Relative strength, pozzolanic activity and cement hydration in superplasticized metakaolin concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 1996; 26: 1537 – 1544.
24. Ding Z, Zhang D and Yu R. High strength composite cement. China Building Materials Science and Technology, 1999; 1: 14 – 17.
25. Brooks JJ and Johari MMA. Effect of metakaolin on creep and shrinkage of concrete. Cement & Concrete Composites, 2001; 23: 495 – 502.
26. Li Z and Ding Z. Property improvement of Portland cement by incorporating with metakaolin and slag. Cement and Concrete Research, 2003; 33: 579 – 584. Jin X and Li Z. Effects of mineral admixture on properties of young concrete. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2003; 15: 435 – 442.