Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

İSTANBUL’DA KIŞ HAVA ŞARTLARINDA ATMOSFERİK ORGANOKLORLU PESTİSİT SEVİYELERİ VE GAZ/PARTİKÜL DAĞILIMLARI

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 97 - 108, 31.08.2018
https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.310694

Öz

Bu çalışmada, İstanbul'un kentsel bir yerleşim
bölgesinde gaz ve partikül fazında ortam havası organoklorlu pestisit (OCP)
seviyeleri araştırılmıştır. Örnekler, kış aylarında on dört gün boyunca yüksek
hacimli örnekleyici kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Bireysel OCP konsantrasyonları partikül
fazı için 13 ila 593 pg.m-3 ve gaz fazı için 14 ila 1.748 pg.m-3
arasında değişmiştir. Gaz ve partikül fazlarındaki her OCP'nin ortalama konsantrasyon
toplamı sırasıyla 3,219 ve 2,746 pg.m-3 olarak tespit edilmiştir.
δ
–HCH’nin en yüksek bireysel konsantrasyona sahip olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
DDT'lerin bulunma oranları şu sırada olduğu görülmüştür: 4.4'-DDT>
4.4'-DDD> 4.4'-DDE. Σ (gaz + partikül) OCP konsantrasyonları 1,845 ila 10,196
pg.m-3 arasında değişim göstermiştir. Yüksek konsantrasyonların
gözlemlendiği günlerde hava kütlelerinin yörüngeleri HYSPLIT modeli ile
incelenmiştir.Gaz/partiküldağılımınınakıbetini belirlemek üzere logKp-logPL0
modeli uygulanmıştır.Regresyon eğrisinin ortalama eğimi -0.35 iken, kesim noktası
-2.89 olarak bulunmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Acara, A., Ballı, B., Yeniova, M., Aksu, P., Düzgün, M., and Dağlı, S. (2006) Türkiye’nin kalıcı organic maddelere (pop’lar) ilişkin Stockholm sözleşmesi için taslak ulusal uygulama planı, UNIDO-POP’larprojesi, Proje no. GF/TUR/03/008.
  • Atkinson, R., Guicherit, R., Hites, R.A., Palm, W.U., Seiber, J.N. and de Voogt, P. (1999) Transformation of pesticides in the atmosphere: a state of the art, Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 115, 219-243. doi:10.1023/A:1005286313693
  • Augustjin-Beckers, P.W.M., Hornsby, A.G. and Wauchope, R.D. (1994) The SCS/ARS/CES pesticide properties database for environmental decision making: II Additional compounds, Reviews of Environmental Contamination Toxicology, 137, 1-82. doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-2662-8_1
  • Bozlaker, A., Muezzinoglu, A. and Odabasi, M. (2009) Processes affecting the movement of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) between soil and air in an industrial site in Turkey, Chemosphere, 77, 1168-1176. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.09.032
  • Brown, V.J. (2008) Life after lindane in California: water concentrations, poison control calls drop following ban, Environmental Health Perspectives, 116, 3, A128. doi:10.1289/ehp.116-a128a
  • Caicedo, P.,Schröder, A., Ulrich, N., Schröter, U., Paschke, A., Schüürmann, G., Ahumada, I. and Richer, P. (2011) Determination of lindane leachability in soil-biosolid systems and its bioavailability in wheat plants, Chemosphere, 84, 4, 397-402. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.03.070
  • Cindoruk, S.S. (2011) Atmospheric organochlorine pesticide (OCP) levels in a metropolitan city in Turkey, Chemosphere, 82, 78-87. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.10.003
  • Dennis, RJ. (2005) Response spectrum in chromatographic analysis: In: Encyclopedia of chromatography, second edition, CRC press, pp. 1439-1453. doi:10.1201/NOE0824727857.ch313
  • Glover-Amengor, M. and Tetteh, F.M. (2007) Effect of pesticide application rate on yield of vegetables and soil microbial communities, West African Journal of Applied Ecology, 12, 41-47. doi:10.4314/wajae.v12i1.45749
  • Goss, K-U. andSchwarzenbach, R.P. (1998) Gas/solid and gas/liquid partitioning of organic compounds: critical evaluation of the interpretation of equilibrium constants, Environmental Science and Technology, 32, 2025-2032. doi:10.1021/es9710518
  • Halse, A.K., Schlabach, M., Eckhardt, S., Sweetman, A., Jones, K.C. and Breivik, K. (2011) Spatial variability of POPs in European background air,Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 11, 1549-1564. doi:10.5194/acp-11-1549-2011
  • Iwata, H., Tanabe, S. and Tatsukawa, R. (1993) A new view on the divergence of HCH isomer composition in oceanic air, Marine Pollution Bulletin, 26, 302-305. doi:10.1016/0025-326X(93)90571-Z
  • Kutz, F.W.,Wood, P.H. and Bottimore, D.P. (1991) Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in human adipose tissue, Review of Environmental Contamination Toxicology, 120, 1-82. doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-3080-9_1
  • Kuzu, S.L.(2016a)Compositional Variation of PCBs, PAHs, and OCPs at Gas Phase and Size Segregated Particle Phase during Dust Incursion from the Saharan Desert in the Northwestern Anatolian Peninsula, Advances in Meteorology, 2016, 1-12. doi: 10.1155/2016/7153286
  • Kuzu, S.L.(2016b) Source identification of combustion-related air pollution during an episode and afterwards in winter-time in Istanbul, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, artice in press, doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-7831-6
  • Li, Y.F. (1999) Global technical hexachlorocyclohexane usage and its contamination consequences in environment from 1948 to 1997, Science of the Total Environment, 232, 123-160. doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00114-X
  • Li, Y.F. and Bidleman, T.F. (2003) Usage and emissions of organochlorine pesticides. Canadian Arctic contaminants assessment report II, Ottawa: Indian and Northern affairs Canada, Chap ter 2A, 49-70. Li, Y.F. and Li, D.C. (2004) Global emission inventories for selected organochlorine pesticides, Internal Report, Meteorological Service of Canada. Toronto, Canada: Environment Canada.
  • Merrington, G.,Winder, L., Parkinson, R., Redman, M. and Winder, L. (2002) Agricultural Pollution: Environmental Problemsand Practical Solutions (1st Edition). Routledge, Taylor&Francis, UK.
  • Odabaşı, M., Çetin, B., Demircioğlu, E. and Sofuoğlu, A. (2008) Air–water exchange of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) at a coastal site in Izmir Bay, Turkey, Marine Chemistry, 109, 115-129. doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2008.01.001
  • Ozcan, S. and Aydin, M.E. (2009a)Organochlorine Pesticides in Urban Air: Concentrations, Sources, Seasonal Trends and Correlation with Meteorological Parameters, Clean, 37, 343-348. doi:10.1002/clen.200900020
  • Ozcan, S. and Aydin, M.E. (2009b) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in urban air of Konya, Turkey, Atmospheric Research, 93, 715-722. doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2009.02.012
  • Pankow, J.F. (1994)An absorption-model of gas-particle partitioning of organic-compounds in the atmosphere, Atmospheric Environment, 28, 185-188. doi:10.1016/1352-2310(94)90093-0
  • Pimentel, D. (1995) Amounts of pesticides reaching target pests: environmental impacts and ethics, Journal of Environmental and Agricultural Ethics, 8, 17-29. doi:10.10 07/BF02286399 Rolph, G.D. (2017) Real-time Environmental Applications and Display sYstem (READY) Website (http://www.ready.noaa.gov). NOAA Air Resources Laboratory, College Park, MD.
  • Sadiki, M. and Poissant, L. (2008) Atmospheric concentrations and gas-particle partitions of pesticides: Comparisons between measured and gas-particle partitioning models from source and receptor sites, Atmospheric Environment, 42, 8288-8299. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.07.041
  • Sanusi, A., Millet, M., Mirabel, P. and Wortham, H. (1999) Gas-particle partitioning of pesticides in atmospheric samples, Atmospheric Environment, 33, 4941-4951. doi:10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00275-7
  • Sauret, N., Wortham, H., Putaud, J.P. and Mirabel, P. (2008) Study of effects of environmental parameters on the gas/particle partitioning of current use pesticides in urban air, Atmospheric Environment, 42, 544-553. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.09.012
  • Shen, L., Wania, F., Lei, Y.D., Teixeira, C., Muir, D.C.G. and Bidleman, T.F.(2004) Hexachlorocyclohexanes in the North American atmosphere,Environmental Science and Technology, 38, 965-975. doi:10.1021/es034998k
  • Shoeib, M. and Harner, T. (2002) Using measured octanol-air partition coefficients to explain environmental partitioning of organochlorine pesticides, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 21, 5, 984-990. doi:10.1002/etc.5620210513
  • Simcik, M.F., Franz, T.P., Zhang, H. and Eisenreich, S.J. (1998) Gas-Particle Partitioning of PCBs and PAHs in the Chicago Urban and Adjacent Coastal Atmosphere: States of Equilibrium, Environmental Science and Technology, 32, 251-257. doi:10.1021/es970557n
  • Sofuoğlu, A.,Cetin, E., Bozacıoğlu, S.S., Şener, G.D. and Odabaşı, M. (2004) Short-term variation in ambient concentrations and gas/particle partitioning of organochlorine pesticides in Izmir, Turkey, Atmospheric Environment, 38, 4483-4493. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.05.036
  • Taşdemir, Y., Vardar, N., Odabaşı, M. and Holsen T.M. (2004) Concentrations and gas/particle partitioning of PCBs in Chicago, Environmental Pollution, 131, 35-44. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.200 4.02.031 Thiel, A., Guth, S., Böhm, S. and Eisenbrand, G., (2011) Dicofol degredation to p-pʹ-dichlorobenzophenone – A potential antiandrogen, Toxicology, 282, 88-93. doi:10.1016/j.tox.2011.01.016
  • Van den Berg, F., Kubiak, R., Benjey, W.G., Majewski, M.S., Yates, S.R., Reeves, G.L., Smelt, J.H. and van der Linden, A.M.A. (1999) Emissions of pesticide into the air, Water, air, and soil pollution, 115, 195-218. doi:10.1023/A:1005234329622
  • Van Jaarsveld, J.A. Van Pul, W.A.J. and De Leeuw, F.A.A.M. (1997) Modelling transport and deposition of persistent organic pollutants in the European region, Atmospheric Environment, 31, 1011-1024. doi:10.1016/S1352-2310(96)00251-8
  • Wania, F. and Mackay, D.(2000) A comparison of overall persistence values and atmospheric travel distances calculated by various multi-media fate models, WECC Wania Environmental Chemists Corp. Report, Wells Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Xiao, H., Li, N. and Wania, F., (2004) Compilation, evaluation, and selection of physical-chemical property data for α-, β-, and γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane, Journal of Chemical Engineering Data, 49, 173-184. doi:10.1021/je034214i
  • Yang, D., Qi S., Zhang, J., Wu, C., Xing, X. (2013) Organochlorine pesticides in soil, water and sediment along the Jinjiang River mainstream to Quanzhou Bay, southeast China, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 89, 59-65. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.11.014
  • Yenisoy-Karakaş, S., Öz, M. and Gaga E.O., (2012) Seasonal variation, sources, and gas/particle concentrations of PCBs and OCPs at high altitude suburban site in Western Black Sea Region of Turkey,Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 14, 1365-1374. doi:10.1039/c2em30038a
  • Yin, G., Athanassiadis, I., Bergman, A., Zhou, Y., Qiu, Y. and Asplund, L., A refined method for analysis of 4,4ʹ-dicofol and 4,4ʹ-dichlorobenzophenone, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, article in press. doi:10.1007/s11356-017-8956-y
  • Yusa, V., Coscolla, C., Mellouki, W., Pastor, A. and de la Guardia, M. (2009) Sampling and analysis of pesticides in ambient air, Journal of Chromatography A, 1216, 2972-2983. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2009.02.019

Atmospheric Organochlorinated Pesticide Levels and Gas/Particle Partitioning in Istanbul during Winter Weather Conditions

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 97 - 108, 31.08.2018
https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.310694

Öz

In this study, gas and particle phase ambient
organochlorine pesticide (OCP) levels were investigated atan urban site in
Istanbul. Samples were collected by a high-volume sampler for fourteen days in
winter. Individual OCP concentrations were between13 and 593
pg.m-3 for
particle phase and 14 and 1,748
pg.m-3 for
gaseous phase. The sums of the average concentration of each OCP in gaseous and
particle phases were 3,219 and 2,746
pg.m-3,
respectively. δ-HCH had the highest individual concentration.
The abundance of DDTs followed the order 4.4'-DDT
> 4.4'-DDD > 4.4'-DDE.The Σ(gas+particle)OCP
concentrations ranged between 1,845 and 10,196
pg.m-3. On the
days when high concentrations were observed, the trajectories of air masses
were investigated by the HYSPLIT model.
logKp
versus logPL0 model was applied in order to determine the
fate of gas/particle partitioning. The average slope of the regression line was
-0.35, whereas the intercept was -2.89. 

Kaynakça

  • Acara, A., Ballı, B., Yeniova, M., Aksu, P., Düzgün, M., and Dağlı, S. (2006) Türkiye’nin kalıcı organic maddelere (pop’lar) ilişkin Stockholm sözleşmesi için taslak ulusal uygulama planı, UNIDO-POP’larprojesi, Proje no. GF/TUR/03/008.
  • Atkinson, R., Guicherit, R., Hites, R.A., Palm, W.U., Seiber, J.N. and de Voogt, P. (1999) Transformation of pesticides in the atmosphere: a state of the art, Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 115, 219-243. doi:10.1023/A:1005286313693
  • Augustjin-Beckers, P.W.M., Hornsby, A.G. and Wauchope, R.D. (1994) The SCS/ARS/CES pesticide properties database for environmental decision making: II Additional compounds, Reviews of Environmental Contamination Toxicology, 137, 1-82. doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-2662-8_1
  • Bozlaker, A., Muezzinoglu, A. and Odabasi, M. (2009) Processes affecting the movement of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) between soil and air in an industrial site in Turkey, Chemosphere, 77, 1168-1176. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.09.032
  • Brown, V.J. (2008) Life after lindane in California: water concentrations, poison control calls drop following ban, Environmental Health Perspectives, 116, 3, A128. doi:10.1289/ehp.116-a128a
  • Caicedo, P.,Schröder, A., Ulrich, N., Schröter, U., Paschke, A., Schüürmann, G., Ahumada, I. and Richer, P. (2011) Determination of lindane leachability in soil-biosolid systems and its bioavailability in wheat plants, Chemosphere, 84, 4, 397-402. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.03.070
  • Cindoruk, S.S. (2011) Atmospheric organochlorine pesticide (OCP) levels in a metropolitan city in Turkey, Chemosphere, 82, 78-87. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.10.003
  • Dennis, RJ. (2005) Response spectrum in chromatographic analysis: In: Encyclopedia of chromatography, second edition, CRC press, pp. 1439-1453. doi:10.1201/NOE0824727857.ch313
  • Glover-Amengor, M. and Tetteh, F.M. (2007) Effect of pesticide application rate on yield of vegetables and soil microbial communities, West African Journal of Applied Ecology, 12, 41-47. doi:10.4314/wajae.v12i1.45749
  • Goss, K-U. andSchwarzenbach, R.P. (1998) Gas/solid and gas/liquid partitioning of organic compounds: critical evaluation of the interpretation of equilibrium constants, Environmental Science and Technology, 32, 2025-2032. doi:10.1021/es9710518
  • Halse, A.K., Schlabach, M., Eckhardt, S., Sweetman, A., Jones, K.C. and Breivik, K. (2011) Spatial variability of POPs in European background air,Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 11, 1549-1564. doi:10.5194/acp-11-1549-2011
  • Iwata, H., Tanabe, S. and Tatsukawa, R. (1993) A new view on the divergence of HCH isomer composition in oceanic air, Marine Pollution Bulletin, 26, 302-305. doi:10.1016/0025-326X(93)90571-Z
  • Kutz, F.W.,Wood, P.H. and Bottimore, D.P. (1991) Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in human adipose tissue, Review of Environmental Contamination Toxicology, 120, 1-82. doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-3080-9_1
  • Kuzu, S.L.(2016a)Compositional Variation of PCBs, PAHs, and OCPs at Gas Phase and Size Segregated Particle Phase during Dust Incursion from the Saharan Desert in the Northwestern Anatolian Peninsula, Advances in Meteorology, 2016, 1-12. doi: 10.1155/2016/7153286
  • Kuzu, S.L.(2016b) Source identification of combustion-related air pollution during an episode and afterwards in winter-time in Istanbul, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, artice in press, doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-7831-6
  • Li, Y.F. (1999) Global technical hexachlorocyclohexane usage and its contamination consequences in environment from 1948 to 1997, Science of the Total Environment, 232, 123-160. doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00114-X
  • Li, Y.F. and Bidleman, T.F. (2003) Usage and emissions of organochlorine pesticides. Canadian Arctic contaminants assessment report II, Ottawa: Indian and Northern affairs Canada, Chap ter 2A, 49-70. Li, Y.F. and Li, D.C. (2004) Global emission inventories for selected organochlorine pesticides, Internal Report, Meteorological Service of Canada. Toronto, Canada: Environment Canada.
  • Merrington, G.,Winder, L., Parkinson, R., Redman, M. and Winder, L. (2002) Agricultural Pollution: Environmental Problemsand Practical Solutions (1st Edition). Routledge, Taylor&Francis, UK.
  • Odabaşı, M., Çetin, B., Demircioğlu, E. and Sofuoğlu, A. (2008) Air–water exchange of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) at a coastal site in Izmir Bay, Turkey, Marine Chemistry, 109, 115-129. doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2008.01.001
  • Ozcan, S. and Aydin, M.E. (2009a)Organochlorine Pesticides in Urban Air: Concentrations, Sources, Seasonal Trends and Correlation with Meteorological Parameters, Clean, 37, 343-348. doi:10.1002/clen.200900020
  • Ozcan, S. and Aydin, M.E. (2009b) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in urban air of Konya, Turkey, Atmospheric Research, 93, 715-722. doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2009.02.012
  • Pankow, J.F. (1994)An absorption-model of gas-particle partitioning of organic-compounds in the atmosphere, Atmospheric Environment, 28, 185-188. doi:10.1016/1352-2310(94)90093-0
  • Pimentel, D. (1995) Amounts of pesticides reaching target pests: environmental impacts and ethics, Journal of Environmental and Agricultural Ethics, 8, 17-29. doi:10.10 07/BF02286399 Rolph, G.D. (2017) Real-time Environmental Applications and Display sYstem (READY) Website (http://www.ready.noaa.gov). NOAA Air Resources Laboratory, College Park, MD.
  • Sadiki, M. and Poissant, L. (2008) Atmospheric concentrations and gas-particle partitions of pesticides: Comparisons between measured and gas-particle partitioning models from source and receptor sites, Atmospheric Environment, 42, 8288-8299. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.07.041
  • Sanusi, A., Millet, M., Mirabel, P. and Wortham, H. (1999) Gas-particle partitioning of pesticides in atmospheric samples, Atmospheric Environment, 33, 4941-4951. doi:10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00275-7
  • Sauret, N., Wortham, H., Putaud, J.P. and Mirabel, P. (2008) Study of effects of environmental parameters on the gas/particle partitioning of current use pesticides in urban air, Atmospheric Environment, 42, 544-553. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.09.012
  • Shen, L., Wania, F., Lei, Y.D., Teixeira, C., Muir, D.C.G. and Bidleman, T.F.(2004) Hexachlorocyclohexanes in the North American atmosphere,Environmental Science and Technology, 38, 965-975. doi:10.1021/es034998k
  • Shoeib, M. and Harner, T. (2002) Using measured octanol-air partition coefficients to explain environmental partitioning of organochlorine pesticides, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 21, 5, 984-990. doi:10.1002/etc.5620210513
  • Simcik, M.F., Franz, T.P., Zhang, H. and Eisenreich, S.J. (1998) Gas-Particle Partitioning of PCBs and PAHs in the Chicago Urban and Adjacent Coastal Atmosphere: States of Equilibrium, Environmental Science and Technology, 32, 251-257. doi:10.1021/es970557n
  • Sofuoğlu, A.,Cetin, E., Bozacıoğlu, S.S., Şener, G.D. and Odabaşı, M. (2004) Short-term variation in ambient concentrations and gas/particle partitioning of organochlorine pesticides in Izmir, Turkey, Atmospheric Environment, 38, 4483-4493. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.05.036
  • Taşdemir, Y., Vardar, N., Odabaşı, M. and Holsen T.M. (2004) Concentrations and gas/particle partitioning of PCBs in Chicago, Environmental Pollution, 131, 35-44. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.200 4.02.031 Thiel, A., Guth, S., Böhm, S. and Eisenbrand, G., (2011) Dicofol degredation to p-pʹ-dichlorobenzophenone – A potential antiandrogen, Toxicology, 282, 88-93. doi:10.1016/j.tox.2011.01.016
  • Van den Berg, F., Kubiak, R., Benjey, W.G., Majewski, M.S., Yates, S.R., Reeves, G.L., Smelt, J.H. and van der Linden, A.M.A. (1999) Emissions of pesticide into the air, Water, air, and soil pollution, 115, 195-218. doi:10.1023/A:1005234329622
  • Van Jaarsveld, J.A. Van Pul, W.A.J. and De Leeuw, F.A.A.M. (1997) Modelling transport and deposition of persistent organic pollutants in the European region, Atmospheric Environment, 31, 1011-1024. doi:10.1016/S1352-2310(96)00251-8
  • Wania, F. and Mackay, D.(2000) A comparison of overall persistence values and atmospheric travel distances calculated by various multi-media fate models, WECC Wania Environmental Chemists Corp. Report, Wells Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Xiao, H., Li, N. and Wania, F., (2004) Compilation, evaluation, and selection of physical-chemical property data for α-, β-, and γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane, Journal of Chemical Engineering Data, 49, 173-184. doi:10.1021/je034214i
  • Yang, D., Qi S., Zhang, J., Wu, C., Xing, X. (2013) Organochlorine pesticides in soil, water and sediment along the Jinjiang River mainstream to Quanzhou Bay, southeast China, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 89, 59-65. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.11.014
  • Yenisoy-Karakaş, S., Öz, M. and Gaga E.O., (2012) Seasonal variation, sources, and gas/particle concentrations of PCBs and OCPs at high altitude suburban site in Western Black Sea Region of Turkey,Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 14, 1365-1374. doi:10.1039/c2em30038a
  • Yin, G., Athanassiadis, I., Bergman, A., Zhou, Y., Qiu, Y. and Asplund, L., A refined method for analysis of 4,4ʹ-dicofol and 4,4ʹ-dichlorobenzophenone, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, article in press. doi:10.1007/s11356-017-8956-y
  • Yusa, V., Coscolla, C., Mellouki, W., Pastor, A. and de la Guardia, M. (2009) Sampling and analysis of pesticides in ambient air, Journal of Chromatography A, 1216, 2972-2983. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2009.02.019
Toplam 39 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

S. Levent Kuzu

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ağustos 2018
Gönderilme Tarihi 5 Mayıs 2017
Kabul Tarihi 28 Mayıs 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Kuzu, S. L. (2018). Atmospheric Organochlorinated Pesticide Levels and Gas/Particle Partitioning in Istanbul during Winter Weather Conditions. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(2), 97-108. https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.310694
AMA Kuzu SL. Atmospheric Organochlorinated Pesticide Levels and Gas/Particle Partitioning in Istanbul during Winter Weather Conditions. UUJFE. Ağustos 2018;23(2):97-108. doi:10.17482/uumfd.310694
Chicago Kuzu, S. Levent. “Atmospheric Organochlorinated Pesticide Levels and Gas/Particle Partitioning in Istanbul During Winter Weather Conditions”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 23, sy. 2 (Ağustos 2018): 97-108. https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.310694.
EndNote Kuzu SL (01 Ağustos 2018) Atmospheric Organochlorinated Pesticide Levels and Gas/Particle Partitioning in Istanbul during Winter Weather Conditions. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 23 2 97–108.
IEEE S. L. Kuzu, “Atmospheric Organochlorinated Pesticide Levels and Gas/Particle Partitioning in Istanbul during Winter Weather Conditions”, UUJFE, c. 23, sy. 2, ss. 97–108, 2018, doi: 10.17482/uumfd.310694.
ISNAD Kuzu, S. Levent. “Atmospheric Organochlorinated Pesticide Levels and Gas/Particle Partitioning in Istanbul During Winter Weather Conditions”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 23/2 (Ağustos 2018), 97-108. https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.310694.
JAMA Kuzu SL. Atmospheric Organochlorinated Pesticide Levels and Gas/Particle Partitioning in Istanbul during Winter Weather Conditions. UUJFE. 2018;23:97–108.
MLA Kuzu, S. Levent. “Atmospheric Organochlorinated Pesticide Levels and Gas/Particle Partitioning in Istanbul During Winter Weather Conditions”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 23, sy. 2, 2018, ss. 97-108, doi:10.17482/uumfd.310694.
Vancouver Kuzu SL. Atmospheric Organochlorinated Pesticide Levels and Gas/Particle Partitioning in Istanbul during Winter Weather Conditions. UUJFE. 2018;23(2):97-108.

DUYURU:

30.03.2021- Nisan 2021 (26/1) sayımızdan itibaren TR-Dizin yeni kuralları gereği, dergimizde basılacak makalelerde, ilk gönderim aşamasında Telif Hakkı Formu yanısıra, Çıkar Çatışması Bildirim Formu ve Yazar Katkısı Bildirim Formu da tüm yazarlarca imzalanarak gönderilmelidir. Yayınlanacak makalelerde de makale metni içinde "Çıkar Çatışması" ve "Yazar Katkısı" bölümleri yer alacaktır. İlk gönderim aşamasında doldurulması gereken yeni formlara "Yazım Kuralları" ve "Makale Gönderim Süreci" sayfalarımızdan ulaşılabilir. (Değerlendirme süreci bu tarihten önce tamamlanıp basımı bekleyen makalelerin yanısıra değerlendirme süreci devam eden makaleler için, yazarlar tarafından ilgili formlar doldurularak sisteme yüklenmelidir).  Makale şablonları da, bu değişiklik doğrultusunda güncellenmiştir. Tüm yazarlarımıza önemle duyurulur.

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