ALÜMİNYUM DÖKÜM ALAŞIMLARINA DAİR SON YILLARDAKİ AKADEMİK VE ENDÜSTRİYEL GELİŞMELERE GENEL BAKIŞ VE DEĞERLENDİRME

Öz

Alüminyum döküm alaşımları; hafifletme, enerji tasarrufu, geri dönüşüm ve çevre duyarlılığı gibi ülkemizin ve Dünya’nın öncelikli çalışma alanlarında yer alan konular göz önüne alındığında, endüstrinin gözde alaşım grubunu temsil etmektedir. Son yıllarda başta otomotiv ana ve yan sanayisi olmak üzere, havacılık, uçak ve uzay endüstrisinde kullanım alanlarının artmasıyla, alüminyum alaşımlarının sahip olduğu mukavemet, sertlik, kırılma tokluğu, yorulma ömrü gibi birtakım özelliklerin geliştirilmesi ihtiyaç haline gelmiştir. Alüminyum döküm endüstrisindeki teknolojik ilerlemeler, dönemin malzemesinin gelişimi ile paralellik gösterdiğinden, ürün ve sektör çeşitliliğinin artışını, alaşımların sahip oldukları özellikler sınırlandırmaktadır. Bu amaca yönelik olarak gerek akademik gerekse endüstriyel ölçekte pek çok çalışma yapılmış ve literatüre kazandırılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, alüminyum döküm alaşımları ile ilgili özellikle son yıllarda yapılan ulusal ve uluslararası araştırma makaleleri derlenmiştir. Makaleler, mikroyapısal ve mekanik özelliklerin iyileştirilmesine yönelik çalışmalar, tane inceltme ve modifikasyon çalışmaları, alüminyum dökümde hesaplamalı malzeme mühendisliği ve bilgisayar destekli simülasyon çalışmaları olmak üzere üç alt başlıkta sunulmuştur. Ayrıca, derleme çalışmasının son bölümünde alüminyum döküm endüstrisine yönelik, son yıllarda yayınlanan arge, inovasyon ve rekabetçilik konulu raporlara dayanarak, küresel ölçekte alüminyum döküm endüstrisinde ülkemizin statik ve dinamik durumuyla ilgili güncel bilgiler ve istatistik verileri aktarılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• alüminyum alaşımları
• döküm
• tane inceltme
• mekanik özellikler
• hesaplamalı malzeme mühendisliği
• modifikasyon
• simülasyon

Overview and Evaluation of Academic and Industrial Developments in Last Years on Aluminum Casting Alloys

Öz

Aluminum casting alloys represents the industry's favorite alloy group, considering the issues in our country’s and the world’s priority research areas such as lightening, energy saving, recycling and environmental awareness. In recent years, it has become a necessity to develop some properties of aluminum alloys such as strength, hardness, fracture toughness, fatigue life, with the increase in usage areas in the aviation, aircraft and space industries, especially in the automotive key and sub-industry. As the technological advances in the aluminum casting industry are in parallel with the development of the material of the period, the increase in product and sector diversity limits the properties of alloys. For this purpose, many studies have been done on both academic and industrial scale and have been added to the literature. In this study, national and international research articles on aluminum casting alloys, especially in recent years, are reviewed. The articles are presented under three subheadings: studies for improving microstructural and mechanical properties, grain refinement and modification studies, computational material engineering in aluminum casting and computer aided simulation studies. In addition, in the last part of the compilation study, based on the reports on R&D, innovation and competitiveness published in the aluminum casting industry in recent years, current information and statistical data about the static and dynamic situation of our country in the aluminum casting industry on a global scale are presented.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• aluminum alloys
• casting
• grain refinement
• modification
• mechanical properties
• computational materials engineering
• simulation

Kaynakça

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