THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MIGRATION AND ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT: BOOTSTRAP ARDL APPROACH

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 18, 191 - 205

Servet Kapçak

https://doi.org/10.54831/vanyyuiibfd.1519454

Öz

Migration has had significant impacts on the social environment since ancient times. Especially political unrest and climatic events trigger migration. With globalization, rapid population growth increases environmental degradation. People migrating for political, social and political reasons can increase environmental degradation in the places they go. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between migration and ecology in Turkey. In the study, the dependent variable was ecological footprint, the main independent variable was the concept of migration and the explanatory variable was renewable energy consumption. Bootstrap ARDL approach is preferred for the period 1990-2021. FMOLS estimator was used to evaluate the relationship between the coefficients of the variables. According to the bootstrap ARDL results, cointegration between the variables in the long run is found. According to the FMOLS estimator results, 1% increase in the number of migration increases the ecological footprint by 0.733142. 1% increase in renewable energy consumption decreases the ecological footprint by -8.526182. The findings suggest that while migration increases environmental degradation, renewable energy consumption decreases environmental degradation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

MIGRATION, ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRİNT, RENEWABLE ENERGY

GÖÇ VE EKOLOJİK AYAK İZİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: BOOTSTRAP ARDL YAKLAŞIMI

Öz

Göç eski dönemlerden beri sosyal çevre üzerinde önemli etkilere sahiptir. Özellikle siyasi karışıklıklar ve iklimsel olaylar göçü tetiklemektedir. Küreselleşmeyle birlikte hızlı nüfus artışı çevresel bozulmaları artırmaktadır. Siyasi, sosyal ve politik nedenler ile göç eden insanlar, gittikleri yerlerde çevresel bozulmayı artırabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada temel amaç; göç ile ekolojik arasındaki ilişkiyi Türkiye açısından araştırmaktır. Çalışmada bağımlı değişken ekolojik ayak izi, ana bağımsız değişken göç kavramı ve açıklayıcı değişken ise yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi kullanılmıştır. 1990-2021 dönemi için Bootstrap ARDL yaklaşımı tercih edilmiştir. Değişkenlerin katsayıları arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirebilmek için FMOLS tahmincisine başvurulmuştur. Bootstrap ARDL sonuçlarına göre uzun dönemde değişkenler arasında eşbütünleşme olduğu tespit edilmiştir. FMOLS tahmincisi sonuçlarına göre göç sayısında meydana gelebilecek %1’lik bir artış ekolojik ayak izini 0.733142 oranında artırmaktadır. Yenilenebilir enerji tüketiminde meydana gelen %1’lik artış ekolojik ayak izini -8.526182 oranında azaltmaktadır. Bulgular değerlendirilirse göç olgusu çevresel bozulmayı artırırken, yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi çevresel bozulmayı azaltmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

GÖÇ, EKOLOJİK AYAK İZİ, YENİLENEBİLİR ENERJİ

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