Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Evaluation of CBC, Lipid Profile, Oxidative Stress Biomarkers, Total Thiol, Native Thiol, and Disulfide Levels in Dogs Diagnosed with Parvoviral Enteritis Without Clinical Findings

Yıl 2022, , 98 - 102, 06.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.5152/VetSciPract.2022.222745

Öz

In this study, whole blood cell count, metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers, and oxidative stress
parameters were evaluated in dogs diagnosed with canine parvoviral enteritis by stool antigen
testing performed 24-48 hours before any clinical findings arose. This study aimed to conduct
effective evaluations of the status of the disease, the selection of treatment methods, and the
prognosis of the disease. Thirty dogs with canine parvoviral enteritis positivity according to stool
antigen test results 24-48 hours before the appearance of any clinical signs associated with parvoviral
enteritis (lethargy, vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration) were evaluated together with 10 healthy
dogs. In analyses of the dogs with canine parvoviral enteritis, significant decreases were found for
white blood cell (P < .001), neutrophil (P < .001), and monocyte (P = .011) counts and significant
increases were found for alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase (P < .001 for
both). Significant increases (P < .001) were also determined for high-density lipoprotein, cholesterol,
and triglyceride levels among the studied lipid metabolites and C-reactive protein, malondialdehyde,
and paraoxonase-1 among inflammatory biomarkers. Significant decreases were found
for total thiol (P = .002) and native thiol (P < .001), with which antioxidant levels were evaluated,
and a significant increase was found for disulfide (P < .001), with which oxidation was evaluated. It
was concluded that early changes in blood samples taken 24-48 hours before the onset of clinical
symptoms in dogs with CPV, as reflected by values of CBC and metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers,
may provide information about the severity of the disease, the choice of medical treatments
to be applied, and prognosis.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Prittie J. Canine parvoviral enteritis: a review of diagnosis, management, and prevention. J Vet Emerg Crit Care. 2004;14(3):167-176. [CrossRef]
  • 2. Decaro N, Buonavoglia C. Canine parvovirus--a review of epidemiological and diagnostic aspects, with emphasis on type 2c. Vet Microbiol. 2012;155(1):1-12. [CrossRef]
  • 3. Tuteja D, Banu K, Mondal B. Canine parvovirology - A brief updated review on structural biology, occurrence, pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2022;82(82):101765. [CrossRef]
  • 4. Radzykhovskyi M, Sokulskiy I, Dyshkant O, Antoniuk A, Gutyj B, Sachuk R. Experimental study of tropism of cultivated canine parvovirus in the immunogenesis organs of puppies. Regul Mech Biosyst. 2022;13(3):241-246.
  • 5. Engelbrecht M, Atkinson B, Goddard A, Pazzi P, McClure V. Mean platelet volume and platelet volume distribution width in canine parvoviral enteritis. Front Vet Sci. 2021;8(8):722280. [CrossRef]
  • 6. Aktaş MS, Özkanlar Y, Erzurum KA, Sahipli Köpeklerin ÇKG. Parvoviral Enteritisini Etkileyen risk Faktörleri üzerinde bir araştırma. Atatürk Univ Vet Bil Derg. 2011;6(1):1-8.
  • 7. Uchańska O, Ochota M, Eberhardt M, Niżański W. Dead or alive? A review of perinatal factors that determine canine neonatal viability. Animals (Basel). 2022;12(11):1402. [CrossRef]
  • 8. Kataria D, Agnihotri D, Kumar S, Lohiya A. Comparative assessment of oxidative stress in dogs regarding CPV infection. Innov J. 2020;9(2): 115-117. [CrossRef]
  • 9. Szarkova A, Tóthová C, Weissová T, et al. Evaluation of acute phase proteins in dogs suffering from various diseases. Int J Vet Sci. 2023; 12(1):82-88.
  • 10. Goddard A, Leisewitz AL, Christopher MM, Duncan NM, Becker PJ. Prognostic usefulness of blood leukocyte changes in canine parvoviral enteritis. J Vet Intern Med. 2008;22(2):309-316. [CrossRef]
  • 11. Covin MA, Steiner JM. Measurement and clinical applications of C-reactive protein in gastrointestinal diseases of dogs. Vet Clin Pathol. 2022;50(suppl 1):29-36. [CrossRef]
  • 12. Tomsič K, Seliškar A, Lukanc B, Nemec Svete A. Plasma total Antıoxıdant Capacıty and Actıvıtıes of blood Glutathıone Peroxıdase and Superoxıde Dısmutase Determıned in healthy dogs by Usıng Commercıally Avaılable Kıts. Acta Vet Beograd. 2016;66(4):534-548. [CrossRef]
  • 13. Elsayed NM, Kubesy AA, Salem NY. Altered blood oxidative stress biomarkers in association with canine parvovirus enteritis. Comp Clin Pathol. 2019:1-5.
  • 14. Pugliese M, Biondi V, Merola G, Landi A, Passantino A. Oxidative stress evaluation in dogs affected with canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. Antioxidants (Basel). 2022;11(2):328. [CrossRef]
  • 15. Erel O, Neselioglu S. A novel and automated assay for thiol/disulphide homeostasis. Clin Biochem. 2014;47(18):326-332. [CrossRef]
  • 16. Asoğlu M, Kiliçaslan F, Beginoğlu Ö, et al. Thiol/disulphide homeostasis as a new oxidative stress marker in untreated patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Anadolu Psikiyatr de. 2018;19:143-149.
  • 17. Behringer S, Wingert V, Oria V, et al. Targeted metabolic profiling of methionine cycle metabolites and redox thiol pools in mammalian plasma, cells and urine. Metabolites. 2019;9(10):235. [CrossRef]
  • 18. Turell L, Radi R, Alvarez B. The thiol pool in human plasma: the central contribution of albumin to redox processes. Free Radic Biol Med. 2013;65:244-253. [CrossRef]
  • 19. Draper HH, Hadley M. Malondialdehyde determination as index of lipid peroxidation. Methods Enzymol. 1990;186:421-431. [CrossRef]
  • 20. Eckerson HW, Romson J, Wyte CM, La Du BN. The human serum paraoxonase polymorphism: identification of phenotypes by their response to salts. Am J Hum Genet. 1983;35(2):214-227.
  • 21. Khare DS, Gupta DK, Shukla PC, Das G, Meena NS, Khare R. Clinical and haemato-biochemical changes in canine parvovirus infection. J Pharmacogn Phytochem. 2020;9(4):1601-1604.
  • 22. Kocatürk M, Tvarijonaviciute A, Martinez-Subiela S, et al. Inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers of disease severity in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. J Small Anim Pract. 2015;56(2):119-124. [CrossRef]
  • 23. Şimşek E, ile Enfekte P, Reaktif KSC. Protein Değerlerinin Belirlenmesi Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Kirikkale [Dissertation]. Kırıkkale Univerity; 2018.
  • 24. Dinler AC, Tuna EG, Ekren GS, Ulutas B, Voyvoda H. Serum intestinal fatty acid-binding protein and calprotectin concentrations to assess clinical severity and prognosis of canine parvovirus enteritis. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2022;28(1):105-114.
  • 25. Kubesy AA, Rakha GM, Salem SI, Jaheen AH. Altered blood procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, and leucocytes count in association with canine parvovirus (CPV) enteritis. Comp Clin Pathol. 2019;28(4):1095- 1099. [CrossRef]
  • 26. Arora R, Tyagi A, Shekthar S, Rajora VS, Arora N. Haemato-biochemical alterations in gastroenteritis affected dogs. J Entomol Zool Stud. 2018;6(5):972-974.
  • 27. Alves FdS, Barbosa BC, Coelho NDdG, et al. Clinical and hematological prognostic factors in dogs with parvoviral enteritis and sepsis. Semin Cienc Agrar. 2019;40(4):1477-1488. [CrossRef]
  • 28. Öcal N, Ünsüren H. Parvoviral Hemorajik Gastroenteritli köpeklerin Sağıltımında total parenteral Beslemenin etkisi. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2009;15(2):237-244.
  • 29. Abdullaziz I, Aly M, Elshahawy I. Clinical, haemato-biochemical alterations with acute phase response in canine parvoviral enteritis. Damanhour J Vet Sci. 2022;7(1):23-27. [CrossRef]
  • 30. Thakur M, Thakur R. Haemato-biochemical alterations in canine Parvo Virus infection affected pups. Himachal J Agric Res. 2017;43(2):131-134.
  • 31. Salarpour R, Ahmadmahmudi MZ, Rezaei M, Eskandarzade N. Paraoxonase activity assessment in dogs suffering from Parvovirus infection. J Hellenic Vet Med Soc. 2021;71(4):2399-2504. [CrossRef]
  • 32. Yilmaz Z, Senturk S. Characterization of lipid profiles in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. J Small Anim Pract. 2007;48(11):643-650. [CrossRef]
  • 33. Marsche G, Saemann MD, Heinemann A, Holzer M. Inflammation alters HDL composition and function: implications for HDL-raising therapies. Pharmacol Ther. 2013;137(3):341-351. [CrossRef]
  • 34. Harizan IM, Khinchi RK, Manju SSK, Meena VK. Alterations in haemato- biochemical and oxidative stress indices in dogs affected with parvoviral enteritis. The Pharma. Innov J. 2021;10(8):428-431.
  • 35. Panda D, Patra RC, Nandi S, Swarup D. Oxidative stress indices in gastroenteritis in dogs with canine parvoviral infection. Res Vet Sci. 2009;86(1):36-42. [CrossRef]
  • 36. Değirmençay Ş, Çamkerten G, Çamkerten İ, Aktaş MS. An investigation of thiol/disulfide homeostasis and ischemia-modified albumin levels to assess the oxidative stress in dogs with canine distemper. Vet Arhiv. 2021;91(1):39-49. [CrossRef]

Klinik Bulgular Görülmeden Parvoviral Enteritis Tanısı Konulan Köpeklerde, CBC, Lipid Profili, Oksidatif Stres Biyobelirteçleri, Total Thiol, Native Thiol ve Disülfid Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2022, , 98 - 102, 06.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.5152/VetSciPract.2022.222745

Öz

Bu çalışmada, klinik bulgular görülmeden 24-48 saat önce, dışkıda yapılan antijen testi ile parvoviral
enteritis (CPV) tanısı konulan köpeklerde, tam kan hücreleri (CBC) sayıları, metabolik ve
inflamasyon biyobelirteçleri ve oksidatif stres parametreleri birlikte değerlendirilerek; hastalığın
durumu, sağaltım yöntemlerinin seçimi ve hastalığın prognozu hakkında etkin değerlendirmelerin
yapılması amaçlandı. Çalışmada, parvoviral enteritis ile ilişkili klinik belirtilerin (durgunluk,
kusma, ishal, dehidratasyon) görülmesinden 24-48 saat önceki dışkı antijen testi sonucuna göre
CPV pozitif olan 30 köpek ile, 10 sağlıklı köpek değerlendirildi. CPV’li köpeklerde yapılan analizlerde,
WBC (P < ,001), nötrofil (neut) (P < ,001) ve monosit (mono) (P = ,011) sayılarında anlamlı
düşüşler, ve alanin aminotransferaz (ALT) ve aspartat aminotransferaz (AST) değerlerinde anlamlı
artışlar (P < ,001) saptandı. Lipid metabolitlerinden yüksek dansiteli lipoprotein (HDL), kolesterol
(Chl) ve trigliserit (Tg) düzeylerinde ve inflamasyon biyobelirteçlerinden C-reaktif protein (CRP),
malondialdehit (MDA) ve paraoksanaz-1 (PON-1) değerlerinde anlamlı artışlar (P < ,001) belirlendi. Antioksidan düzeyinin değerlendirildiği total thiol (P = ,002) ve native thiol (P < ,001) değerlerinde anlamlı düşüşler, ve oksidasyonun
değerlendirildiği disülfit düzeyinde anlamlı (P < ,001) artış saptandı. CPV'li köpeklerde klinik semptomların başlangıcından
24-48 saat önce alınan kan örneklerinde, CBC sayısında ve metabolik ve inflamasyon biyobelirteçlerinin düzeylerinde meydana
gelen erken dönem değişikliklerin hastalığın şiddetine, uygulanacak tıbbi tedavilerin seçimine ve prognoza yön verebileceği
sonucuna varıldı.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Prittie J. Canine parvoviral enteritis: a review of diagnosis, management, and prevention. J Vet Emerg Crit Care. 2004;14(3):167-176. [CrossRef]
  • 2. Decaro N, Buonavoglia C. Canine parvovirus--a review of epidemiological and diagnostic aspects, with emphasis on type 2c. Vet Microbiol. 2012;155(1):1-12. [CrossRef]
  • 3. Tuteja D, Banu K, Mondal B. Canine parvovirology - A brief updated review on structural biology, occurrence, pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2022;82(82):101765. [CrossRef]
  • 4. Radzykhovskyi M, Sokulskiy I, Dyshkant O, Antoniuk A, Gutyj B, Sachuk R. Experimental study of tropism of cultivated canine parvovirus in the immunogenesis organs of puppies. Regul Mech Biosyst. 2022;13(3):241-246.
  • 5. Engelbrecht M, Atkinson B, Goddard A, Pazzi P, McClure V. Mean platelet volume and platelet volume distribution width in canine parvoviral enteritis. Front Vet Sci. 2021;8(8):722280. [CrossRef]
  • 6. Aktaş MS, Özkanlar Y, Erzurum KA, Sahipli Köpeklerin ÇKG. Parvoviral Enteritisini Etkileyen risk Faktörleri üzerinde bir araştırma. Atatürk Univ Vet Bil Derg. 2011;6(1):1-8.
  • 7. Uchańska O, Ochota M, Eberhardt M, Niżański W. Dead or alive? A review of perinatal factors that determine canine neonatal viability. Animals (Basel). 2022;12(11):1402. [CrossRef]
  • 8. Kataria D, Agnihotri D, Kumar S, Lohiya A. Comparative assessment of oxidative stress in dogs regarding CPV infection. Innov J. 2020;9(2): 115-117. [CrossRef]
  • 9. Szarkova A, Tóthová C, Weissová T, et al. Evaluation of acute phase proteins in dogs suffering from various diseases. Int J Vet Sci. 2023; 12(1):82-88.
  • 10. Goddard A, Leisewitz AL, Christopher MM, Duncan NM, Becker PJ. Prognostic usefulness of blood leukocyte changes in canine parvoviral enteritis. J Vet Intern Med. 2008;22(2):309-316. [CrossRef]
  • 11. Covin MA, Steiner JM. Measurement and clinical applications of C-reactive protein in gastrointestinal diseases of dogs. Vet Clin Pathol. 2022;50(suppl 1):29-36. [CrossRef]
  • 12. Tomsič K, Seliškar A, Lukanc B, Nemec Svete A. Plasma total Antıoxıdant Capacıty and Actıvıtıes of blood Glutathıone Peroxıdase and Superoxıde Dısmutase Determıned in healthy dogs by Usıng Commercıally Avaılable Kıts. Acta Vet Beograd. 2016;66(4):534-548. [CrossRef]
  • 13. Elsayed NM, Kubesy AA, Salem NY. Altered blood oxidative stress biomarkers in association with canine parvovirus enteritis. Comp Clin Pathol. 2019:1-5.
  • 14. Pugliese M, Biondi V, Merola G, Landi A, Passantino A. Oxidative stress evaluation in dogs affected with canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. Antioxidants (Basel). 2022;11(2):328. [CrossRef]
  • 15. Erel O, Neselioglu S. A novel and automated assay for thiol/disulphide homeostasis. Clin Biochem. 2014;47(18):326-332. [CrossRef]
  • 16. Asoğlu M, Kiliçaslan F, Beginoğlu Ö, et al. Thiol/disulphide homeostasis as a new oxidative stress marker in untreated patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Anadolu Psikiyatr de. 2018;19:143-149.
  • 17. Behringer S, Wingert V, Oria V, et al. Targeted metabolic profiling of methionine cycle metabolites and redox thiol pools in mammalian plasma, cells and urine. Metabolites. 2019;9(10):235. [CrossRef]
  • 18. Turell L, Radi R, Alvarez B. The thiol pool in human plasma: the central contribution of albumin to redox processes. Free Radic Biol Med. 2013;65:244-253. [CrossRef]
  • 19. Draper HH, Hadley M. Malondialdehyde determination as index of lipid peroxidation. Methods Enzymol. 1990;186:421-431. [CrossRef]
  • 20. Eckerson HW, Romson J, Wyte CM, La Du BN. The human serum paraoxonase polymorphism: identification of phenotypes by their response to salts. Am J Hum Genet. 1983;35(2):214-227.
  • 21. Khare DS, Gupta DK, Shukla PC, Das G, Meena NS, Khare R. Clinical and haemato-biochemical changes in canine parvovirus infection. J Pharmacogn Phytochem. 2020;9(4):1601-1604.
  • 22. Kocatürk M, Tvarijonaviciute A, Martinez-Subiela S, et al. Inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers of disease severity in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. J Small Anim Pract. 2015;56(2):119-124. [CrossRef]
  • 23. Şimşek E, ile Enfekte P, Reaktif KSC. Protein Değerlerinin Belirlenmesi Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Kirikkale [Dissertation]. Kırıkkale Univerity; 2018.
  • 24. Dinler AC, Tuna EG, Ekren GS, Ulutas B, Voyvoda H. Serum intestinal fatty acid-binding protein and calprotectin concentrations to assess clinical severity and prognosis of canine parvovirus enteritis. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2022;28(1):105-114.
  • 25. Kubesy AA, Rakha GM, Salem SI, Jaheen AH. Altered blood procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, and leucocytes count in association with canine parvovirus (CPV) enteritis. Comp Clin Pathol. 2019;28(4):1095- 1099. [CrossRef]
  • 26. Arora R, Tyagi A, Shekthar S, Rajora VS, Arora N. Haemato-biochemical alterations in gastroenteritis affected dogs. J Entomol Zool Stud. 2018;6(5):972-974.
  • 27. Alves FdS, Barbosa BC, Coelho NDdG, et al. Clinical and hematological prognostic factors in dogs with parvoviral enteritis and sepsis. Semin Cienc Agrar. 2019;40(4):1477-1488. [CrossRef]
  • 28. Öcal N, Ünsüren H. Parvoviral Hemorajik Gastroenteritli köpeklerin Sağıltımında total parenteral Beslemenin etkisi. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2009;15(2):237-244.
  • 29. Abdullaziz I, Aly M, Elshahawy I. Clinical, haemato-biochemical alterations with acute phase response in canine parvoviral enteritis. Damanhour J Vet Sci. 2022;7(1):23-27. [CrossRef]
  • 30. Thakur M, Thakur R. Haemato-biochemical alterations in canine Parvo Virus infection affected pups. Himachal J Agric Res. 2017;43(2):131-134.
  • 31. Salarpour R, Ahmadmahmudi MZ, Rezaei M, Eskandarzade N. Paraoxonase activity assessment in dogs suffering from Parvovirus infection. J Hellenic Vet Med Soc. 2021;71(4):2399-2504. [CrossRef]
  • 32. Yilmaz Z, Senturk S. Characterization of lipid profiles in dogs with parvoviral enteritis. J Small Anim Pract. 2007;48(11):643-650. [CrossRef]
  • 33. Marsche G, Saemann MD, Heinemann A, Holzer M. Inflammation alters HDL composition and function: implications for HDL-raising therapies. Pharmacol Ther. 2013;137(3):341-351. [CrossRef]
  • 34. Harizan IM, Khinchi RK, Manju SSK, Meena VK. Alterations in haemato- biochemical and oxidative stress indices in dogs affected with parvoviral enteritis. The Pharma. Innov J. 2021;10(8):428-431.
  • 35. Panda D, Patra RC, Nandi S, Swarup D. Oxidative stress indices in gastroenteritis in dogs with canine parvoviral infection. Res Vet Sci. 2009;86(1):36-42. [CrossRef]
  • 36. Değirmençay Ş, Çamkerten G, Çamkerten İ, Aktaş MS. An investigation of thiol/disulfide homeostasis and ischemia-modified albumin levels to assess the oxidative stress in dogs with canine distemper. Vet Arhiv. 2021;91(1):39-49. [CrossRef]
Toplam 36 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Veteriner Bilimleri
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Efe Kurtdede Bu kişi benim

Berna Gür Bu kişi benim

Yalçın Doğan Bu kişi benim

Kadir Sevim Bu kişi benim

Erman Gülendağ Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 6 Ocak 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022

Kaynak Göster

APA Kurtdede, E., Gür, B., Doğan, Y., Sevim, K., vd. (2023). Klinik Bulgular Görülmeden Parvoviral Enteritis Tanısı Konulan Köpeklerde, CBC, Lipid Profili, Oksidatif Stres Biyobelirteçleri, Total Thiol, Native Thiol ve Disülfid Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi. Veterinary Sciences and Practices, 17(3), 98-102. https://doi.org/10.5152/VetSciPract.2022.222745
AMA Kurtdede E, Gür B, Doğan Y, Sevim K, Gülendağ E. Klinik Bulgular Görülmeden Parvoviral Enteritis Tanısı Konulan Köpeklerde, CBC, Lipid Profili, Oksidatif Stres Biyobelirteçleri, Total Thiol, Native Thiol ve Disülfid Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi. Veterinary Sciences and Practices. Ocak 2023;17(3):98-102. doi:10.5152/VetSciPract.2022.222745
Chicago Kurtdede, Efe, Berna Gür, Yalçın Doğan, Kadir Sevim, ve Erman Gülendağ. “Klinik Bulgular Görülmeden Parvoviral Enteritis Tanısı Konulan Köpeklerde, CBC, Lipid Profili, Oksidatif Stres Biyobelirteçleri, Total Thiol, Native Thiol Ve Disülfid Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi”. Veterinary Sciences and Practices 17, sy. 3 (Ocak 2023): 98-102. https://doi.org/10.5152/VetSciPract.2022.222745.
EndNote Kurtdede E, Gür B, Doğan Y, Sevim K, Gülendağ E (01 Ocak 2023) Klinik Bulgular Görülmeden Parvoviral Enteritis Tanısı Konulan Köpeklerde, CBC, Lipid Profili, Oksidatif Stres Biyobelirteçleri, Total Thiol, Native Thiol ve Disülfid Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi. Veterinary Sciences and Practices 17 3 98–102.
IEEE E. Kurtdede, B. Gür, Y. Doğan, K. Sevim, ve E. Gülendağ, “Klinik Bulgular Görülmeden Parvoviral Enteritis Tanısı Konulan Köpeklerde, CBC, Lipid Profili, Oksidatif Stres Biyobelirteçleri, Total Thiol, Native Thiol ve Disülfid Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi”, Veterinary Sciences and Practices, c. 17, sy. 3, ss. 98–102, 2023, doi: 10.5152/VetSciPract.2022.222745.
ISNAD Kurtdede, Efe vd. “Klinik Bulgular Görülmeden Parvoviral Enteritis Tanısı Konulan Köpeklerde, CBC, Lipid Profili, Oksidatif Stres Biyobelirteçleri, Total Thiol, Native Thiol Ve Disülfid Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi”. Veterinary Sciences and Practices 17/3 (Ocak 2023), 98-102. https://doi.org/10.5152/VetSciPract.2022.222745.
JAMA Kurtdede E, Gür B, Doğan Y, Sevim K, Gülendağ E. Klinik Bulgular Görülmeden Parvoviral Enteritis Tanısı Konulan Köpeklerde, CBC, Lipid Profili, Oksidatif Stres Biyobelirteçleri, Total Thiol, Native Thiol ve Disülfid Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi. Veterinary Sciences and Practices. 2023;17:98–102.
MLA Kurtdede, Efe vd. “Klinik Bulgular Görülmeden Parvoviral Enteritis Tanısı Konulan Köpeklerde, CBC, Lipid Profili, Oksidatif Stres Biyobelirteçleri, Total Thiol, Native Thiol Ve Disülfid Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi”. Veterinary Sciences and Practices, c. 17, sy. 3, 2023, ss. 98-102, doi:10.5152/VetSciPract.2022.222745.
Vancouver Kurtdede E, Gür B, Doğan Y, Sevim K, Gülendağ E. Klinik Bulgular Görülmeden Parvoviral Enteritis Tanısı Konulan Köpeklerde, CBC, Lipid Profili, Oksidatif Stres Biyobelirteçleri, Total Thiol, Native Thiol ve Disülfid Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi. Veterinary Sciences and Practices. 2023;17(3):98-102.

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