Türkiye’de Klinik At Mastitisinin Mikrobioyolojik ve Sitolojik Yönden Araştırılması

Öz

At mastitisi nadir görülen bir durumdur ancak mikrobiyal patojenin emziren taya bulaşması durumunda septisemi, artrit ve pnömoni gibi bazı ciddi klinik durumlara neden olabilir. Kısrakların kendileri de mastit ile ilişkili lokal ve sistemik klinik belirtiler gösterebilir. Türkiye'de klinik at mastitisinin mikrobiyal etiyolojisini sitolojik inceleme eşliğinde değerlendiren çok az veri mevcuttur. 2016- 2022 yılları arasında klinik olarak mastitisli toplam 22 adet kısraktan tanı laboratuvarına kabul edilen süt/meme salgı örnekleri bakteriyel-fungal kültür ve sitolojik yöntemlerle incelendi. En yaygın bakteri izolatının Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (%54,6), ardından Escherichia coli(%27,4) gelmektedir. Fungal patojen izole edilmedi. Sitolojik incelemeler, dejeneratif değişiklikler ve hücre içi bakteri varlığı ile birlikte güçlü nötrofilik infiltrasyonu varlığını (%80<) ortaya çıkardı. Laktasyondaki kısraklarda (n=9), E. coli ve S. zooepidemicus toplam altı örnekten eşit olarak izole edilirken, bunu S. aureus (n=1), E. cloacae (n=1) ve S. maltophilia (n=1). Laktasyonda olmayan kısraklarda ise dokuz örnekte en sık izole edilen etken S. zooepidemicus olurken, bunu 3 örnekle E. coli ve 1 örnekle S. epidermidis izledi. İleride Türkiye'deki at popülasyonlarında subklinik mastitis olguları ve etkenlerin antimikrobiyal direnç profilleri ile ilgili daha kapsamlı çalışmalar yapılmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bakteriyel enfeksiyon
• kısrak
• mastitis
• sitoloji

Microbiological and Cytological Investigation of Clinical Equine Mastitis in Türkiye

Abstract

Equine mastitis is an uncommon but may cause some serious clinical conditions including septicemia, arthritis, and pneumonia when transmission of the microbial pathogen to the nursing foal. Mares themselves also may show local and systemic clinical signs associated with mastitis. Little data are available evaluating microbial etiology of clinical equine mastitis associated with cytologic examination in Türkiye. Milk orudder secretion samples, which were admitted to the diagnostic laboratory from a total of 22 clinically mastitic mares, were examined by bacterial-fungal culture and cytological methods between 2016 and 2022. The most common bacterial isolate was found to be Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (54.6%), followed by Escherichia coli(27.4%). No fungal pathogen was isolated. Cytologic examinations revealed the presence of strong neutrophilic infiltration (<80%) associated with degenerative changes and the presence of intracellular bacteria. In lactating mares (n=9), E. coli and S. zooepidemicus were equally isolated from a total of 6 samples, followed by S. aureus (n=1), E. cloacae (n=1), and S. maltophilia (n=1). On the other hand, in non-lactating mares, S. zooepidemicus was the most prevalent agent isolated from 9 samples, followed by E. coli from 3 samples and S. epidermidis from 1 sample. Further, more comprehensive studies should be conducted regarding subclinical cases and antimicrobial resistance profiles of the agents isolated from equine mastitis cases in horse populations in Türkiye.

Keywords

• Bacterial infection
• cytology
• mare
• mastitis

Kaynakça

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