Effects of Disinfectants on Embryonic Larval Development of Eggs of Gastrointestinal Helminths of Cattle

Abstract

Gastrointestinal helminth infections cause a crippling disease that affects the productivity, reproductivity, and workability of cattle. This study evaluated the inhibitory effects of ten commonly used disinfectants on the embryonic development of gastrointestinal helminth eggs of cattle using in vitro assays. Faecal samples were collected from cattle and examined for the presence of helminth eggs. The helminth eggs were isolated and washed accordingly. The effects of the disinfectants on the embryonation of helminth eggs were carried out by using the disinfectants at different concentrations and different exposure times (10, 30, and 60 mins), and these were carried out in triplicates. Chloroxylenol, phenol, povidone iodine, and chlorhexidine exhibited a total inhibition of the larval development of helminth eggs at all concentrations and times of exposure. Sodium hypochlorite and ethanol showed no statistically significant difference in preventing larval development of helminth eggs when compared to the control. Cresol, hydrogen peroxide, calcium hypochlorite, and formalin significantly lowered the larval developmental process of helminth eggs at some levels of concentrations and exposure times. These findings suggest that chloroxylenol, phenol, povidone iodine, and chlorhexidine be incorporated as disinfectants to be used in preventing the spread and reducing the transmission of gastrointestinal helminths among cattle and even other ruminants.

Keywords

• Cattle
• disinfectants
• eggs
• embryonation
• gastrointestinal helminths

Sığırlarda Gastrointestinal Helmint Yumurtalarının Embriyonik ve Larval Gelişimi Üzerine Dezenfektanların Etkileri

Öz

Gastrointestinal helmint enfeksiyonları, sığırlarda verimliliği, üreme performansını ve iş gücünü olumsuz etkileyen ciddi bir hastalık tablosuna neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, in vitro koşullarda gerçekleştirilen denemeler kullanılarak, yaygın olarak kullanılan on farklı dezenfektanın sığırlara ait gastrointestinal helmint yumurtalarının embriyonik gelişimi üzerindeki inhibitör etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Sığırlardan alınan dışkı örnekleri helmint yumurtalarının varlığı yönünden incelenmiş, yumurtalar izole edilerek uygun şekilde yıkanmıştır. Dezenfektanların helmint yumurtalarının embriyonasyonu üzerindeki etkileri, farklı konsantrasyonlarda ve farklı temas sürelerinde (10, 30 ve 60 dakika) uygulanmış ve tüm denemeler üç tekrar halinde yürütülmüştür. Kloroksilenol, fenol, povidon iyot ve klorheksidin, tüm konsantrasyon ve temas sürelerinde helmint yumurtalarının larval gelişimini tamamen inhibe etmiştir. Sodyum hipoklorit ve etanolün, larval gelişimin engellenmesi açısından kontrol grubuna kıyasla istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark oluşturmadığı belirlenmiştir. Krezol, hidrojen peroksit, kalsiyum hipoklorit ve formalinin ise bazı konsantrasyon ve temas sürelerinde helmint yumurtalarının larval gelişim sürecini anlamlı düzeyde azalttığı saptanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, kloroksilenol, fenol, povidon iyot ve klorheksidinin sığırlarda ve diğer ruminantlarda gastrointestinal helmintlerin yayılımının önlenmesi ve bulaşmanın azaltılmasında dezenfektan olarak kullanılabileceğini düşündürmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dezenfektanlar
• embriyonasyon
• gastrointestinal helmintler
• sığır
• yumurta

Kaynakça

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