Haber Kaynaklarının Korunması Meselesinde Kadim Çelişkiler, Yeni Sorunlar: Dijital Güvenlik Odaklı Bir Perspektife Doğru

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 15, 136 - 170, 31.05.2022

Serhatcan Yurdam

https://doi.org/10.47124/viraverita.995046

Öz

Haber kaynakları, gazeteciliğin demokratik işlevlerinin hayata geçirilmesinde kilit roldedir. Kaynaklara normatif düzeyde atfedilen rolün gerçekleşmesinde ise belirli pratik çelişkiler vardır. Bunların başlıcalarından biri, aynı zamanda bir basın özgürlüğü meselesi olan haber kaynaklarının güvenliği sorunudur. Gazeteciler meslek pratiği ve etiği açısından kaynaklarını korumakla yükümlüdürler. Bu yönüyle haber kaynaklarının korunması, gazeteciliğin temel meselelerinden biridir. Haber kaynaklarının korunması temelde kaynağın gizliliği ilkesine dayanır. Bu ilkenin pratikte işlerlik kazanması ise etik ve hukuki bağlamda çeşitli çelişkilere konu olur. Günümüzde ise yeni dijital aracıların gazetecilik ortamını biçimlendirmesiyle birlikte, kaynağın korunması ve gizliliği açısından yeni çelişkiler gözlenmektedir. Bu kapsamda haber kaynağının korunmasında temel karakteristiklere ve süregelen çelişkilere bir de dijital güvenlik boyutu eklenmiştir. Bu çalışma, bütünleyici bir literatür değerlendirmesi olarak, geleneksel yaklaşımda esas kabul edilen hukuki koruma mantığının günümüz koşullarında başlı başına yeterli olamayacağını ve dijital güvenlik odaklı etkin bir korumaya giderek daha fazla ihtiyaç duyulduğunu iddia etmektedir. Bu husus göz ardı edilirse kaynağın korunmasına ilişkin mevcut çelişkilerin giderek derinleşeceği varsayımına dayanan çalışmanı amacı kaynakların korunmasına ilişkin bir araştırma gündeminin inşa edilmesine katkı sunmaktır. Bu kapsamda, öncelikle haber kaynağına atfedilen normatif değer ve pratik çelişkiler ele alınmakta ve kaynakların önemi vurgulanmaktadır. Ardından, kaynağın korunmasının etik ve hukuki boyutlarının karakteristikleri ve çelişkileri değerlendirilmekte ve son olarak günümüz gazetecilik ortamında öne çıkan bir boyut olarak dijital güvenlik boyutu ele alınmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Haber Kaynağı, Haber Kaynağının Önemi, Haber Kaynağının Korunması, Haber Kaynağının Gizliliği, Dijital Güvenlik

Destekleyen Kurum

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Proje Numarası

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Teşekkür

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Old Contradictions and New Problems in the Issue of the Protection of Journalistic Sources: Towards a Digital Safety-Focused Perspective

Öz

Journalistic sources play a key role in the realization of the democratic functions of journalism. There are practical contradictions in the realization of the role attributed to the journalistic sources at the normative level. Journalists are responsible for protecting their sources in terms of professional practices and ethics. In this respect, the protection of news sources is one of the main issues of journalism. The protection of news sources is basically based on the principle of source confidentiality. The practical application of this principle involves various ethical and legal contradictions. In the digital age, new contradictions arise in terms of source protection and confidentiality as new digital intermediaries shape the journalistic landscape. In this context, digital safety becomes more and more important. This study argues that legal protection which is considered as fundamental in the traditional approach, is not sufficient itself in today's conditions and an effective protection focused on digital security is increasingly needed. It is argued that if this issue is not taken into account, the existing contradictions related to the protection of the journalistic source will gradually deepen. The aim of the study is to contribute to the building of a research agenda on the subject. In this context, first of all, the normative value and practical contradictions of the news source are discussed and the importance of sources is emphasized. Then, the characteristics and contradictions of the ethical and legal dimensions of source protection are taken into account, and finally, the digital safety dimension as a prominent dimension in today's journalism environment is discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Journalistic Sources, The Importance of News Source, The Protection of Journalistic Sources, Sources Confidentiality, Digital Safety

Proje Numarası

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Kaynakça

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