MODELLING WATER INTAKE PROPERTIES OF HEAT-TREATED BEECH AND SPRUCE WOOD TREATED AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES USING BY ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS

Öz

The aim of this study is the modelling the water intake rate of heat-treated oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) and oriental spruce (Picea orientalis (L) Link) wood samples. For this purpose, all the needed data were obtained from the beech and spruce wood samples which have been subjected to heat treatment with four different temperatures (130, 150, 180 and 200 °C) and three different periods (2, 6 and 10 hour) and then which have been subjected to the water intake process at certain periods (2, 4, 8, 24, 48, 72, 168 and 336 hour). Data were modeled using artificial neural networks (ANN) method for both tree species in terms of water intake rate characteristics, seperately. Two different learning algorithms (Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) and Scaled Conjugate Gradient (SCG)) were used for the modeling process. In order to achieve the best model, all nodes between 1 and 25 were tested as hidden neuron. A total of 100 models were obtained and 2 models were chosen according to the performance of the models. For two wood species, LM learning algorithm had showed better results than SCG learning algorithm. The structures of the best models for beech and spruce were determined as 3-8-1 and 3-13-1 respectively. As a result, it has been concluded that ANN applications can be evaluated within the discipline of wood protection.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Heat treatment
• beech
• spruce
• water intake
• artificial neural networks

Kaynakça

1. Bekhta P. and Niemz P. (2003). Effect of High Temperature On the Change in Color, Dimensional Stability and Mechanical Properties of Spruce Wood. Holzforschung, 57(5), 539-546.
2. Brosse N., El Hage R., Chaouch M., Pétrissans M., Dumarçay S. and Gérardin, P. (2010). Investigation of The Chemical Modifications of Beech Wood Lignin During Heat Treatment. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 95(9), 1721-1726.
3. Cheng S., Huang A., Wang S. and Zhang, Q. (2016). Effect of Different Heat Treatment Temperatures On The Chemical Composition and Structure of Chinese Fir Wood. BioResources, 11(2), 4006-4016.
4. Chu D., Xue L., Zhang Y., Kang L. and Mu J. (2016). Surface Characteristics of Poplar Wood with High- Temperature Heat Treatment: Wettability and Surface Brittleness. BioResources, 11(3), 6948-6967.
5. Chung H., Park Y., Yang S.Y., Kim H., Han Y., Chang Y.S. and Yeo H. (2017). Effect of Heat Treatment Temperature and Time On Sound Absorption Coefficient of Larix kaempferi Wood. Journal of Wood Science, 63(6), 575-579.
6. Edvardsen K. and Sandland K.M. (1999). Increased Drying Temperature–Its Influence On the Dimensional Stability of Wood. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 57(3), 207-209.
7. Esteves B. and Pereira H. (2009). Wood Modification by Heat Treatment: A Review. BioResources, 4(1), 370-404.
8. Feist W.C. and Sell J. (2007). Weathering Behavior of Dimensionally Stabilized Wood Treated by Heating Under Pressure of Nitrogen Gas. Wood and Fiber Science, 19(2), 183-195.

9. Gindl W., Zargar-Yaghubi F. and Wimmer, R. (2003). Impregnation of Softwood Cell Walls with Melamine- Formaldehyde Resin. Bioresource Technology, 87(3), 325-330.
10. Grexa O. and Lübke H. (2001). Flammability Parameters of Wood Tested On a Cone Calorimeter. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 74(3), 427-432.
11. Inoue M., Norimoto M., Tanahashi, M. and Rowell R.M. (2007). Steam or Heat Fixation of Compressed Wood. Wood and Fiber Science, 25(3), 224-235.
12. Kim Y.S. and Singh A.P. (2000). Micromorphological Characteristics of Wood Biodegradation in Wet Environments: A Review. IAWA journal, 21(2), 135-155.
13. Kollmann F. and Schneider A. (1963). Über Das Sorptionsverhalten Wärmebehandelter Hölzer. Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff, 21(3), 77-85.
14. Kumar S. (2007). Chemical Modification of Wood. Wood and Fiber Science, 26(2), 270-280.
15. Mantanis G.I. (2017). Chemical Modification of Wood by Acetylation or Furfurylation: A Review of The Present Scaled-Up Technologies. BioResources, 12(2), 4478-4489.
16. Rowell R.M., Ibach, R. E., McSweeny, J. and Nilsson, T. (2009). Understanding Decay Resistance, Dimensional Stability and Strength Changes in Heat-Treated and Acetylated Wood. Wood Material Science and Engineering, 4(1-2), 14-22.
17. Sandberg, D. Kutnar A. and Mantanis, G. (2017). Wood modification technologies-a review. iForest-Biogeosciences and Forestry, 10(6), 895.
18. Srinivas K. and Pandey, K.K. (2012). Effect of Heat Treatment On Color Changes, Dimensional Stability, And Mechanical Properties of Wood. Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology, 32(4), 304-316.
19. Tondi G., Thévenon M.F., Mies B., Standfest G., Petutschnigg A. and Wieland S. (2013). Impregnation of Scots Pine and Beech with Tannin Solutions: Effect of Viscosity and Wood Anatomy in Wood Infiltration. Wood Science and Technology, 47(3), 615-626.
20. Yıldız S. (2002). Isıl Işlem Uygulanan Doğu Kayını Ve Doğu Ladini Odunlarının Fiziksel, Mekanik, Teknolojik Ve Kimyasal Özellikleri. KTÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Orman End. Müh. Anabilim Dalı Doktora Tezi, Trabzon, pp.265.
21. Yildiz S., Gezer E.D. and Yildiz U.C. (2006). Mechanical and Chemical Behavior of Spruce Wood Modified by Heat. Building and Environment, 41(12), 1762-1766.