Araştırma Makalesi

Hester Prynne’s Transformation in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet

Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1 29 Haziran 2022
  • Neslihan Günaydın Albay
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Hester Prynne’s Transformation in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet

Öz

The Scarlet Letter penned by Nathaniel Hawthorne and published in 1850 sheds light on what a Puritan lifestyle was like in the seventeenth century with a critical perspective on the Puritan culture and beliefs. The novel portrays the unfair laws, punitive methods and distorted customs based on the idea that all mankind is sinful and they are constantly under the threat of demonic forces. The hypocrisy and depravity of the Puritan society as well as its harsh theocracy are effectively criticized by Hawthorne with the creation of such a strong female character as Hester, who defies the Puritan faith through her silence, self-confidence and belief in her love. Hester transcends time and space with her radical transformation from a social outcast to a respectable and virtuous personality in the face of the Puritans’ vicious manners. The objective of this paper is to discuss the character development and spiritual transformation of Hester Prynne through her public humiliation and the symbolic transformation of the meaning of the Scarlet Letter “A”. It also aims to demonstrate how the change in her public image was closely linked with her persevering work, adamant manners, and strong-will, which all contributed to her survival as a strong-minded woman not denying her sin but defying the hypocrisy of the Puritan society through a feminist lens.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Baym, Nina (1976). The Shape of Hawthorne's Career. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press, p. 130. Baughman, Ernest W. (1967). “Public Confession and The Scarlet Letter”. The New England Quarterly, Vol. 40, No. 4, pp. 532-550. Emerson, R.W. (2008). Nature. New York: Kindle Edition. Felton, R. T (2006). Journey Into the Transcendentalists' New England. Berkeley: Roaring Forties Press. Gilbert and Gubar (1979). “The Madwoman in the Attic: The Woman Writer and the Nineteenth-Century Literary Imagination. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, pp. 14, 36. Hawthorne, Nathaniel (1992). The Scarlet Letter. London: Wordsworth Classics. Leland S. Person, Jr. (1989). “Hester's Revenge: The Power of Silence in The Scarlet Letter”. Nineteenth-Century Literature, Vol. 43, No. 4, pp. 465-483. Nissenbaum, Stephen (1978). “The Firing of Nathaniel Hawthorne,” Essex Institute Historical Collections, 114, 59. Phillips, J (2010). Romanticism and Transcendentalism :( 1800–1860). New York. House Publications. Sganlon, Lawrence E. (1962). “The Heart of The Scarlet Letter”. Texas Studies in Literature and Language, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 198-213. Tassi, Nina (1998). “Hester's Prisons: Sex, Intellect, and Gender in "The Scarlet Letter"”. CEA Critic, Vol. 60, No. 3, pp. 23-36. Thoreau, H. D. (2004). Walden: or, Life in the Woods. Boston: Shambhala Press. T. Walter Herbert, Jr. (1988). “Nathaniel Hawthorne, Una Hawthorne, and The Scarlet Letter: Interactive Selfhoods and the Cultural Construction of Gender”. PMLA, Vol. 103, No. 3, pp. 285-297. Wilson, L. P. (2004). Thoreau, Emerson, and Transcendentalism. New York: IDG Books Worldwide, Inc.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Dünya Dilleri, Edebiyatı ve Kültürü (Diğer), Sanat ve Edebiyat

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Neslihan Günaydın Albay Bu kişi benim
0000-0003-1933-0125
Türkiye

Yayımlanma Tarihi

29 Haziran 2022

Gönderilme Tarihi

11 Mart 2022

Kabul Tarihi

12 Haziran 2022

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2022 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA
Günaydın Albay, N. (2022). Hester Prynne’s Transformation in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet. World Language Studies, 2(1), 25-42. https://izlik.org/JA36PN23BE
AMA
1.Günaydın Albay N. Hester Prynne’s Transformation in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet. WLS. 2022;2(1):25-42. https://izlik.org/JA36PN23BE
Chicago
Günaydın Albay, Neslihan. 2022. “Hester Prynne’s Transformation in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet”. World Language Studies 2 (1): 25-42. https://izlik.org/JA36PN23BE.
EndNote
Günaydın Albay N (01 Haziran 2022) Hester Prynne’s Transformation in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet. World Language Studies 2 1 25–42.
IEEE
[1]N. Günaydın Albay, “Hester Prynne’s Transformation in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet”, WLS, c. 2, sy 1, ss. 25–42, Haz. 2022, [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA36PN23BE
ISNAD
Günaydın Albay, Neslihan. “Hester Prynne’s Transformation in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet”. World Language Studies 2/1 (01 Haziran 2022): 25-42. https://izlik.org/JA36PN23BE.
JAMA
1.Günaydın Albay N. Hester Prynne’s Transformation in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet. WLS. 2022;2:25–42.
MLA
Günaydın Albay, Neslihan. “Hester Prynne’s Transformation in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet”. World Language Studies, c. 2, sy 1, Haziran 2022, ss. 25-42, https://izlik.org/JA36PN23BE.
Vancouver
1.Neslihan Günaydın Albay. Hester Prynne’s Transformation in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet. WLS [Internet]. 01 Haziran 2022;2(1):25-42. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA36PN23BE

World Language Studies