Ibn Ḥazm of al-Andalus and Cáo Xuěqín of China: Love and Gender in Collapsing Social Structures

Öz

In this paper, we discuss the opinions of Ibn Ḥazm and Cáo Xuěqín on love, sex and gender. The Ring of the Dove and Dream of the Red Chamber were written when their authors’ respective societies experienced multifaceted crises. Ibn Ḥazm and Cáo Xuěqín were both of noble birth, but the decline of their societies forced them to leave their ranks and look at society in a new light. We discussed their views on the topics of reason and love, ideal and real love, and the nature of love. We observed that Ibn Ḥazm concluded his opinion on love with an ideal but imaginary vision, on the other hand, Cáo Xuěqín came to a more complex and protest conclusion for love in his novel. Finally, we try to demonstrate how and why Ibn Ḥazm and Cáo Xuěqín take steps to critique the patriarchal structure of their collapsing feudal societies, reconceptualize love, and make an early case for gender equality.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ibn Hazm
• Cáo Xuěqín
• The Ring of the Dove
• Dream of the Red Chamber
• isolation and equality in love

Endülüslü İbn Ḥazm ve Çinli Cáo Xuěqín: Çöken Toplumsal Yapılarda Aşk ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet

Öz

Bu makalede İbn Hazm ve Cáo Xuěqín'in aşk ve toplumsal cinsiyet hakkındaki görüşlerini tartışmaktayız. Güvercin Gerdanlığı ve Kızıl Odanın Rüyası, her iki yazarın çok yönlü toplumsal krizler yaşadığı bir dönemde yazılmıştır. Hem İbn Hazm, hem de Cáo Xuěqín asil bir aileden geliyordu; ancak mensup oldukları sosyal sınıfın gerilemesi onları bulundukları pozisyondan kopardı; böylece yaşadıkları topluma karşı yeni bir bakış geliştirdiler. Burada ayrıca akıl ve aşk, ideal ve gerçek aşk, aşkın mahiyeti gibi konularla ilgili görüşlerini de tartıştık. İbn Hazm'ın aşk hakkındaki görüşlerini ideal fakat hayali bir vizyonla sonuçlandırdığını, buna karşılık Cáo Xuěqín'in aşk konusunda daha karmaşık ve protestocu bir sonuca vardığını gözlemledik. Son olarak, İbn Hazm ve Cáo Xuěqín'in çökmekte olan feodal toplumların ataerkil yapısını eleştirme, aşkı yeniden kavramsallaştırma ve belki de toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği konusunda erken bir örnek olma bağlamında ne tür adımlar attıklarını göstermeye çalıştık.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ibn Ḥazm
• Cáo Xuěqín
• Güvercin Gerdanlığı
• Kızıl Odanın Rüyası
• aşkta yalnızlık ve eşitlik

Kaynakça

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