Medical Device-Related Pressure Injuries in Intensive Care Patiens

Abstract

This systematic review was conducted to examine pressure injuries due to medical devices in intensive care patients and the measures taken to prevent these pressure injuries. Relevant studies on the subject were screened retrospectively. 10 keywords were used for screening. Various combinations of these words were used and six international databases were screened between September 1-30, 2021. 1479 studies were attained and examined. 20 descriptive, cross-sectional and randomized controlled studies in English abstracts, which have reported pressure injuries due to medical devices in adult intensive care patients and in the general patient population including adult intensive care patients, were included in the study. For this systematic review, the authors conducted a comprehensive search through scientific databases with relevant keywords; and they evaluated and summarized the results. The method of the study, sample characteristics and data on pressure injuries due to medical devices were examined in each study. When the studies included in the review were examined, it was seen that the prevalence of pressure injuries due to medical devices was high. Studies have also found that many risk factors such as low Braden score, use of more than one medical device, longer use of medical devices, sedation, enteral nutrition and duration of mechanical ventilation increase the risk of pressure injury due to medical devices. The varying high prevalence of pressure injuries due to medical devices indicates the need for evidence-based preventive measures and risk diagnosis.

Keywords

• Intensive care
• medical device–related
• pressure injury
• prevalence
• prevention

Yoğun Bakım Hastalarında Tıbbi Araçlara Bağlı Basınç Yaralanmaları

Öz

Bu sistematik derleme yoğun bakım hastalarında tıbbi araçlara bağlı gelişen basınç yaralanmalarını ve bu basınç yaralanmalarını önlemek için alınan önlemleri incelemek amacıyla yapıldı. Konuyla ilgili çalışmalar retrospektif olarak tarandı. Tarama için 10 anahtar kelime kullanıldı. Bu kelimelerin çeşitli kombinasyonları denenerek uluslararası altı veri tabanında 01-30 Eylül 2021 tarihleri arasında tarama yapıldı. Ulaşılan 1479 çalışma incelendi. Yetişkin yoğun bakım hastalarında tıbbi araçlara bağlı basınç yaralanmalarını ve yetişkin yoğun bakım hastalarının da dahil olduğu genel hasta popülasyonunda tıbbi araçlara bağlı basınç yaralanmalarını bildiren, İngilizce veya İngilizce özeti olan Türkçe tanımlayıcı, kesitsel araştırmalar ve randomize kontrollü olan 20 çalışma araştırmaya dahil edildi. Bu sistematik inceleme için yazarlar, ilgili anahtar kelimelerle bilimsel veri tabanlarında kapsamlı bir araştırma yapmış ve sonuçları değerlendirip özetlemişlerdir. Her çalışmada; çalışmanın yöntemi, örneklem özellikleri, tıbbi araçlara bağlı basınç yaralanmaları verileri incelenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamına alınan çalışmalar incelendiğinde tıbbi araçlara bağlı basınç yaralanması prevalansının yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmalarda düşük Braden skoru, birden fazla tıbbi araç kullanımı, daha uzun süre tıbbi araç kullanımı, sedasyon, enteral beslenme, mekanik ventilasyon süresi gibi birçok risk faktörünün tıbbi araçlara bağlı basınç yaralanması riskini arttırdığı saptanmıştır. Tıbbi araçlara bağlı basınç yaralanmalarının prevalansının değişen oranlarda yüksek olması, kanıta dayalı önleyici tedbirlere ve risk tanılamaya ihtiyaç olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Basınç yaralanması
• önleme
• prevalans
• tıbbi araçlara bağlı
• yoğun bakım

Kaynakça

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